Poverty grips more in nation - By MICHAEL DOYLE BEE WASHINGTON BUREAU - Last Updated: August 27, 2004, 04:48:51 AM PDT
WASHINGTON -- The number of poor Americans grew by 1.3 million last year, according to a sobering and politically sensitive Census Bureau report issued Thursday.
The increase marks the third straight year the impoverished population has grown. An estimated 35.9 million U.S. residents were living in poverty in 2003, compared with 31.6 million at the advent of George W. Bush's presidency.
That increase, and a similarly steady rise in the number of Americans without health insurance, immediately cast the otherwise-dry Census Bureau statistics into the white heat of the presidential campaign.
"Today confirms the failure of President Bush's policies for all Americans," Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry declared while campaigning in Anoka, Minn. "While George Bush tries to convince America's families that we're turning the corner, slogans and empty rhetoric can't hide the real story."
While campaigning Thursday in New Mexico, President Bush avoided making specific reference to the latest poverty findings, citing instead more positive economic developments.
"Because we acted, the people of this country are working," Bush said, adding that "there's more work to be done."
For a family of four, the federal government pegs the annual income poverty threshold at $18,810. Last year, the new report estimated, 12.5 percent of Americans were considered poor. This was up from 12.1 percent the year before, though still lower than the poverty rates during parts of the 1980s and 1990s.
California's average poverty rate of 12.9 percent over the past three years was slightly above the national average.
More children suffering
Children are bearing a particularly heavy burden, as their poverty rate jumped last year to 17.6 percent from 16.7 percent. It exceeds that of adults and senior citizens. In some regions, there is a definite overlap between large families and high poverty.
"We know that most low-income households are people who are of child-rearing age, so these families will be disproportionately impacted," said Ken Patterson, director of the Stanislaus County Community Services Agency. "The bottom line is, it looks like there are more people who ? still require a good deal of help."
Among ethnic groups, poverty increased among Asian-Americans while remaining steady among Latinos and African-Americans.
Traditionally, the closely watched poverty figures are released in September, at a news conference convened in downtown Washington. The politically sensitive figures were released earlier than usual this year, at the Census Bureau's headquarters in the Washington suburbs.
Census Director Louis Kinkannon denied that the changes were intended to dampen media attention.
Numbers debated
Economists differ, though, in exactly what the poverty numbers mean and how they should best be calculated. The official poverty rate is based on a survey of 100,000 households nationwide, and the estimates released Thursday reflected the lingering effects of the recession that officially ended in November 2001.
"These are 2003 numbers," said Robert Rector, an analyst with the conservative Heritage Foundation. "They don't necessarily represent what's going on this year, and we should expect to see poverty levels start to go down again."
That may not be true everywhere, though. In Stanislaus County, Patterson said, the number of food stamp recipients jumped 29 percent between June 2003 and June 2004. That suggests an increased level of need that wouldn't be reflected until next year's Census Bureau report.
Nearly 45 million people lacked health insurance nationwide, or 15.6 percent of the population. That was up from 43.5 million in 2002, when 15.2 percent of the population was without coverage.
"The big failure is not what is happening in the administration," said Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson. "Individuals in the Senate have failed to adopt the president's health care plan."
The Latino poverty rate stayed roughly the same -- 22.5 percent, compared with 8.2 percent for whites. However, Latino workers also saw their average income decline by 2.6 percent. No other ethnic group showed similar income reductions.
Bee Washington Bureau reporter Michael Doyle can be reached at 202-383-0006 or mdoyle@mcclatchydc.com.
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