hmmm... I posted the wrong article this was what I wanted to post...
[Mini Symposium A Remote Action Experiment]
An Experiment on Remote Action against Man in Sensory-Shielding Condition (Part III)
Mikio YAMAMOTO, Hideyuki KOKUBO, Tomoko KOKADO, Suzue HARAGUCHI, Tong ZHANG
Masataka TANAKA, Dmitri V. PARKHOMTCHOUK, Takao SOMA and Kimiko KAWANO
A phenomenon called "toh-ate" is performed by a mineral arts expert or a qigong master (sender) on an opponent (receiver) at a distance of several meters. When the sender applies toh-ate, the receiver steps back rapidly without being touched. The results of many experiments performed by our group have shown that this phenomenon involves something beyond mere suggestion. To avoid the element of suggestion, all our experiments were conducted under randomized, double-blind conditions with the sender and receiver located in separate rooms.
In our past experiments involving practitioners who exercise toh-ate daily, the frequency histgram of the time differences between sending (qi-emission) and receiving (response) has a large peak around zero. This phenomenon is statistically significant. We have published papers on them in this journal since 1996, including some on brain waves and electrodermal activity as well as other physiological data.
We report here that in a similar toh-ate experiment, but with a different pair of experts who have been practicing a discipline for many years, the attacker did not create any atmosphere of menace before an attack, and that the defender felt presentiment of the attack and made a defense. Three large peaks occurred around-41 (p=3.7%)sec, 0 sec(13.4), +36sec(1.3) in the frequency histogram. The poisson upper-sided risk values are shown between the parentheses. The two peaks have a 5% significance, which was difficult to expect before conducting this experiment. This result implies some unknown information transmission.
The results concerning the brain waves of the practitioners as well as their heart beat, hand temperature and skin slectric conduction appear in the following 5 papers of this volume.
Keywords: ki, qi, qigong, sense shielding, suggestion, presentiment, extrasensory, ESP, DMILS, remote action, martial art, toh-ate, taiki, Shintaido
EEG alpha Waves of a Receiver in a Remote Action Experiment-Part II
Kimiko KAWANO, Mikio YAMAMOTO, Hideyuki KOKUBO, Masataka TANAKA,
Tong ZHANG, Tomoko KOKADO and Takao SOMA
A second experimental study during To-ate was carried out following the previous analysis reported in the Journal of ISLIS (Vol.18(2), 2000). Two practitioners were placed in separate rooms and at a time set randomly within 80 seconds (1 trial), one practitioner (sender) emitted qi. The other one (receiver) made a sign with a switch when he sensed the qi. The sender's and receiver's markers were recorded together with their physiological data. In all, 108 trials were done for two days and the receiver's EEGs were analyzed in each 5.12 seconds of four periods; those were, before sending qi, while sending, after sending, and while sensing qi was being received (that is, just before the receiver's marker). At the time of actually receiving qi (while sending), the alpha ratio of the frontal midline (Fz) to the occipital region (O2) was significantly larger than that while sensing (p<0.05). The alpha phase difference between O2 and Fz was distinctly short while sending (vs. while sensing; p<0.0001).
Keywords: EEG, frontal alpha-wave, alpha-phase synchronization, extrasensory perception
Analysis of the Reciever's EEG in Remote Perception Task
Tong ZHANG, Mikio YAMAMOTO, Hideyuki KOKUBO, Kimiko KAWANO,
Masataka TANAKA and Tomoko KOKADO
In the present experiment, two experienced practitioners of a Japanese martial art were subjects. One acted as a sender while the other acted as a receiver. They were put in separate rooms with communication deprivation to perform a task of "remote action and perception". One run was made up of three successive 80-second trials during which only one 'sending' was performed in double-blinded and randomized conditions. Both physiological changes of the sender and the receiver were measured during the experiment. In this paper, changes of the mean amplitudes of alpha wave and theta wave of the receiver during a period of 10 seconds around the sending time were analyzed at an interval of 1 second. Compared with values of the resting state, statistically significant decreases of theta activity were found in C4 and T6 areas, while statistically significant increases of the alpha wave were found in Fp1, Fp2 and T5 areas. However when compared to values during the period of non-sending, statistically significant changes of alpha wave were found in T5, T6, O1and O2 areas.
Keywords: EEG, alpha activity, theta activity, frontal lobes, mental concentration, martial arts
ECG Analysis in a Remote Action Experiment
Masataka TANAKA, Mikio YAMAMOTO, Hideyuki KOKUBO, Tomoko KOKADO, Tong ZHANG
Dmitri V. PARKHOMTCHOUK, Kimiko KAWANO and Takao SOMA
ECGs of a qi-receiver during To-ate (remote action; an ancient Japanese martial art) were analyzed. Two practitioners were placed in separate rooms which had an electromagnetic shield room for the receiver to cut normal information transfer. At a time set randomly within 80 seconds (1 trial), one practitioner (sender) emitted qi. The other (receiver) attempted to perceive the qi. Their sending time, receiving time and physiology data were recorded. The receiver's ECG R-R intervals were measured. Heart beat fluctuations were analyzed before and after the sending and receiving times. In trials within a 5-second time difference between the sending and receiving times, coefficients of variation of R-R intervals between a 15-second period before and a 15-second period after the sending and receiving times each showed statistical significant.
Keywords: ECG, R-R interval, coefficient of variation, extrasensory perception
Skin Temperature Changes of Receiver's Laogong on the Left Hand
in Remote Action Experiment
Weizhong CHEN, Hideyuki KOKUBO, Tomoko KOKADO, Tong ZHANG
Suzue HARAGUCHI, Kimiko KAWANO and Mikio YAMAMOTO
Trained as a pair for 40 years, two persons were studied in a remote action experiment. What they have trained is a martial art that people train to foresee an attack from partner. The two were separated in two rooms during the experiment, and normal information transmission routes (the senses of sight, hearing etc.) were cut off. The sender emitted "qi of attack" only once during an 80-second trial on double blinded and randomized conditions. A thermistor was used to measure the hand surface temperature at the receiver's left laogong (middle of palm of hand). The difference between the average temperature change before and after transmitting was analyzed. At one second before the transmitting time, the difference for 2 seconds was statistically significant and 1% or less.
Keywords: average skin temperature change, remote action, laogong point, thermistor, hand surface
Analysis of Electrodermal Activity (EDA) in Remote Perception Task
Using Electromagnetic Shield Cage - Part II
Hideyuki KOKUBO, Mikio YAMAMOTO, Kumiko YAMADA, Kimiko KAWANO,
Takao SOMA, Masataka TANAKA, Tong ZHANG and Nobuo FUKUDA
In the present experiment, two professional practitioners of Japanese martial arts were put in separate rooms with communicational deprivation, while the authors measured physiological changes of one of the two, acting as a Receiver, when the other, acting as a Sender, attempted to give "remote action" to the Receiver at a distance. The Receiver was seated in an electromagnetic shielding cage and the Sender performed only one "sending" motion per 80-second trial on double blinded and randomized conditions. The Receiver's skin conductances were sampled at a rate of 200Hz using an exosomatic method (DC 0.5V constant). Results showed the ratio of the Receiver's skin conductance changed at the sending time. Personalities of the subjects were tested by Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory (Y-G test) and Tokyo University Egogram (TEG). Both subjects' personalities were evaluated as D-group (Stable-Active Type) on the Y-G test. The Receiver's personality was evaluated as FC dominant type and the Sender's personality as trapezoid type by TEG.
Keywords: electrodermal activity (EDA), skin conductance change, direct mental interaction with living system (DMILS), anomalous cognition, Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory (Y-G test), Tokyo University Egogram (TEG), martial arts, Shintaido
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