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Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction * 1
    #29368974 -

Hi,
I'm currently trying to figure out how to make a mushroom extraction for making a tincture for people to microdose, aiming for a final product of 0.5g of extracted dried mushroom per ml in a 30% ethanol solution.
I have the filtration and concentration figured out with a vacuum filter and rotary evaporator and I have an ultrasonic homogenizer for the extraction process and plan to use ascorbic acid and EDTA as preservatives.
However, I'm very conflicted regarding the choice of solvent for the extraction.
I do not want to use methanol even though I'm sure it is a better one than my other options.
I also do want to do only one extraction to avoid having to reduce the product too much risking more degradation than benefits from a second pull and to keep the process simpler.
It seems like that my two best options are:
- acetic acid (organic distilled white vinegar)
- 70% ethanol - 30% acetic acid
I want to avoid converting the psilocybin to psilocin as much as possible so from what I've read, I want to do the extraction in a cold and acidic solution around 4 Ph to prevent psilocybin dephosphorylation by the enzimes.
Two facts are bugging me though:
- Psilocybin is more soluble in water than ethanol so it seems like I should chose acetic acid as solvent.
- When you do a lemon tek using cold water, it extracts very well but people pretend it turns psilocybin into psilocin and it isn't very stable since the blue coloration means that the psilocin is oxidating.
So my questions are:
- Is the cold acidic environment really better for keeping psilocybin in its phosphate form or not?
- Why would I want to us ethanol? Would that be better at preventing dephosphorylation of psilocybin even though it would be harder to extract it?
- What other input do you all have on that matter to help me figuring this out (or making me more confused)?

Edit:
Here are answers regarding some of the questions I had:
- Yes, you want to perform your extraction and concentration in a cold acid environment (pH 4 and under 30 degrees C), you'd get less dephosphorylation of psilocybin.
- Lemon tek turning psilocybin into psilocin is a mith, I'll leave that for other threads, it just performs the extraction ahead of time which speed up the intake.
- Yes, 70% ethanol 30% acetic acid is a good solvent since the acetic acid will extract psilocybin and psilocin but ethanol will extract other compound that are less soluble in water.

Edited by Romton (05/18/26 07:37 AM)

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Romton] * 2
    #29369027 -

Methanol is the best solvent,  make sure it’s acs grade.  It is best to use a sonicator, but it should still extract something without one. 


I have a pro setup and failed at least 25 times before i mastered extracts.  I realized the only way to properly make a stable product is to use a lab grade freeze dryer; lyophilization is the only way to keep it stable. 

Even without the bells and whistles, you can extract in pure methanol and reduce that inside the rotary until it’s a hard crust, you then scoop the hard crust out the flask, then store the final product sealed with desiccant and inside a freezer, it should last for while.  As soon as you start mixing with ethanol and other liquid carriers it’s going to degrade, after a few weeks at room temperature even without a liquid carriers it may lose most of its potency. 

The reason freeze drying is required, the extract will still have tons of moisture bound to the residue.  you can’t remove that residual water without lyophilization even if it appears bone dry.  If you make it this far and actually get the freeze dryer, shoot me a message.

In regard to ethanol, acetic acid ect.  I wouldn’t recommend.  I tried a bunch of stuff with various degrees of results, everything from defatting with heptane to mixing methanol with acetic acid.  You’ll see what I’m talking about when you finally get a dry product, then run your lyophillizer and find a huge puddle of water left over from a seemingly dry extract. 

I’m interested in the acid / base type extraction routes, but i couldn’t’ figure out an efficient tek.    as far as a standard extraction, methanol is king.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: trippleblack]
    #29369383 -

Thank you for your very detailed answer, I really appreciate.
I actually have a freeze dryer.
I understand that the process you describe is definitely the way to go for getting a dry extraction of psilocin.
The only thing is that I’m interested in extracting psilocybin without turning it into psilocin as much as possible and keeping it in a 30% ethanol solution in a dropper bottle…

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Romton]
    #29369477 -

i outlined the process for psilocybin, if you already have a lyophilizer, -then you are golden. 

I tried to use a carrier like ethanol, and many other things and combinations like glycerine.  With ethanol alone, the extract will clump up no matter what you do.  Also residual water from ethanol and glycerine will bleed into the extract and degrade the psilocybin.  You won’t be able to get the extract homogenized in the ethanol, so need to mix with something like glycerine to make a free flowing extract.  This work great, stable for at least several months only if kept in freezer. I turned an ounce of fruits into 10ml’s. 

A long term stable liquid was the roadblock i ran into.  I do believe it can be done, but finding a properly sealed dosing container wasn’t available and using tools like molecular sieves is where i stopped my experimentation.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: trippleblack]
    #29375428 -

Following.  I know next to nothing about chemistry but want to learn more.


--------------------
Don't Yuk my Yum and I won't Stink your Kink.

Can you quantify the amount of actives in your grow? Help my actives vs trip level analysis.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Romton]
    #29375909 -

Interesting. I've also seen talk around of tinctures being made from dried actives.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: JLR]
    #29378586 -

Well, I guess I'll have to do the trial and error method.
It's just time consuming and resources wasting. So far, I wasted more than 100g of dried mushroom for the sake of science.
I know I'll figure it out but I wouldn't mind a little push in the right direction.
By the way, I just had pretty good results with acidified ethanol, I'll try the acetic acid solvent in the exact same conditions next and see which one is more potent and which one degrades faster.
I'll keep you posted.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Romton]
    #29398690 -

As far as shelf stability, after extraction or with dried/ground fruits, we have been playing around with using a mix of rice flour and xanthan gum for our capsules.

Last year we had capsules, anecdotally, keep their potency out to 8 months based on our own use and reports from friends about their christmas gifts.

Here is a link to the calculator we made if interested.

This year I think we’re going to try replacing the rice flour with a trehalose/maltodextrin mix because:

Trehalose
  • Basically acts like a protective sugar glass that locks everything in place.
  • Keeps things super dry, which helps stop the usual breakdown and discoloration.


Maltodextrin
  • Adds bulk and makes the mix easier to blend or press.
  • Holds just enough moisture to help everything stick together.
  • Cheap, widely available, easy to handle.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Geezus]
    #29402468 -

Whatever solvent you use, if compatible, try a little DMSO to kick it all up a notch. 😉

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Romton]
    #29403563 -

Have you tried just simmering the fresh mushroom in 10% water to weight? ie 20ml to 200g of FRESH mushroom.

All the goodness just leeches out into mushroom juice. Then you can just use that in a liquid to dispense.

Solventless.


--------------------
Stop the war on consciousness!

freedom
/ˈfriːdəm/
noun

    1. the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Anonymous_Shaman]
    #29404368 -


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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Romton]
    #29559745 -

Hi everyone.
Here is a little update.
The method works very well and I have to say that I got such good results with acidified ethanol that I finally chose this solvent.
As far as stability, I kept the first batch in a fridge in dark bottles and it lost half its potency after three months only and all actives were gone within six months. I'm keeping another batch in the freezer and I'll update you regarding how it goes.
Next step, I'll try to freeze dry my final product after having removed most of the ethanol with the rotary evaporator to see if I can get a solid product...
To be continued...

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: Romton]
    #29560873 -

Hi!
Check out Top Tea Prep method test per potency testing of dregs, teas, & extracts
As you said - psilocybin is soliuble in water so Rev first made a tea and then remove all the water down to shelf stable crystals (at least no noticeable degradation after 200 days). He called it Active Instant Teatm With triple decoction and 1:20 dry mushrooms to water ratio he was able to pull out most of actives from dry matter.

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: oktopus]
    #29561159 -

I've heard it's possible to do a grain alcohol extract using a certain machine a friend has I don't remember the name of  for mushrooms the same way it works for weed haven't tryed yet though this summer looking good :mushroom2:


--------------------





An enigma some caerulescens n a mono 😎

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: bloodssonnew]
    #29561176 -

bloodssonnew said:
grain alcohol extract


you mean liqueur distillation?

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: oktopus]
    #29561419 -

Cool, glad you dropped the update.

Freeze dried product should look something like this: 

This pic was an older freeze dried product, the more recent extracts look like a very light colored sand.

If you store it with desiccant after the freeze dry process, it should remain stable for years and years and years, at room temperature.  :smile:.  I usually waring blend it and turn to a powder, then volumetric dose it with little spoons.  I did above run with methanol. I don’t dose cube fruits, but the extract turns it into something much better, imo more comparable in cleanliness to pans.

Edited by trippleblack (04/27/26 05:13 PM)

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: trippleblack]
    #29565256 -

Lookup extractcraft source turbo I mean extract with grain alcohol and it's a theory at the moment :0 though dam that extract looks good 😊


--------------------





An enigma some caerulescens n a mono 😎

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Re: Choice of solvent for psilocybin extraction [Re: trippleblack]
    #29574297 -

That looks amazing 🤩

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