Trouble with all the man made theories of development that I read and experience is that they appear to describe a coin with many sides, or slants on the angle of it.
But what you say is closer to neuro sequential development; the failure to express protential in sequential episodes, through "insults", leading to a whole array of mental "problems".. Neuroscience has brought us many great things and I think neurosequential development is largely untapped.
Take this for example: There's over 50 disorders which can be mistaken for "ADHD"
1. Hypoglycemia (Low Blood sugar) can stem from thyroid disorders, liver, pancreatic problems, adrenal gland abnormalities
2. Allergies: 15 to 20 percent of the world has some type of allergy. A person can be allergic to nearly anything. Food is one of the primary causes of allergic reactions.
3. Learning disabilities: If the primary place of behavior is at school, learning disabilities(self esteem) may be the cause.
4. Hyper or hypothyroidism: An imbalance in metabolism that occurs from an over or underproduction of thyroid hormones. This imbalance may cause a variety of behaviors and affects all body functions.
5. Hearing and vision problems including CAPD. 26. CAPD (Central Auditory processing Disorder) history of ear infections and/or PE tubes. Symptoms include distractibility, inability to follow a set of verbal instructions, "space out", etc.
6. Mild to high lead levels, research shows that children with even mildly elevated lead levels suffer from reduced IQs, attention deficits, and poor school performance. Lead is the leading culprit in toxin-caused hyperactivity..
13. Sleep disorders: Sleep Apnea causes cognitive decline equal to a person with a 0.8 % alcohol level.
49. Candida Albicans infestation (Yeast Infection) : Candida infestations cause hyperactivity in children. Most children who
do suffer from Candida infestations have some underlying immune disorder, or a disorder affecting carbohydrate metabolism and
thus altering blood sugar levels. Immune disorders can cause same symptoms as ADHD.
7. Spinal Problems: Some spinal problems can cause ADHD like symptoms – believed to be due to nerve pressure
8. Toxin exposures: Children are more vulnerable to toxins than adults. Pesticides from produce, gasoline fumes, herbicides, food
additives like xanthan gum and guar gum, disinfectants, furniture polishes and air fresheners that can affect some children's
behaviors. Beds, carpets and paint are sources. Toxins can cause hyperactivity, attention deficits, irritability, and learning problems.
9. Carbon Monoxide poisoning : Sources include gas heaters, gas appliances: fireplaces, dryers, and water heaters.
10. Seizure disorders: The most overlooked are absence Seizures. The attack lasts for a few seconds and then is over rapidly.
May be confused with daydreaming. Some seizure disorders require a 24 hour EEG to properly diagnose.
11. Metabolic disorders: They reduce the brain's supply of glucose, the bodies fuel and can cause ADHD like symptoms.
12. Genetic condition: Ex Turner's syndrome, sickle-cell anemia, Fragile X, Klinefelters, Genetic Disorder XYY:
14. Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Emotional triggers cause association with past traumatic events
15. High mercury levels: can relate to dental fillings. Children who have mercury amalgam fillings in their mouth and grind
their teeth are at risk of high mercury levels. There are also other causes of high mercury levels.
16. High manganese levels
17. Iron deficiency: Iron is an essential component of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying pigment in the blood. Iron is normally
obtained through the food in the diet and by the recycling of iron from old red blood cells. The causes of iron deficiency are diet,
poor absorption, loss of blood, lead poisoning.
18. B vitamin deficiencies: Many experts believe that one of the main causes for inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, temper
tantrums, sleep disorders, forgetfulness, and aggression are caused by faulty neurotransmissions, a problem with the
neurotransmitters in the brain. Vitamin B-6 is a necessary vitamin used in the making of neurotransmitters that affect behavior.
19. Excessive amounts of Vitamins: Excessive amounts of vitamins can be toxic to the body and may cause the same ADHD
like symptoms. Have Dr. check for vitamin deficiencies before taking extra vitamins.
20. Tourette's syndrome: Usually involves multiple tics (small, repetitive muscle movements), usually facial tics with grimacing
and blinking. This is usually accompanied by vocalizations. The tics are worse during emotional stress and are absent during
sleep. This disorder can be mistaken for not being able to sit still or impulsive behavior.
21. Sensory Integration Dysfunction: Sensory Integration Dysfunction is the inefficient neurological processing of
information received through the senses, causing problems with learning, development, and behavior. These children are over-
sensitive or under-sensitive dealing in touch, taste, smell, sound, or sight. For example, some of these children crave fast and
spinning movement, such as swinging, rocking, twirling, and riding the merry-go-round- without getting dizzy. These children
may move constantly, fidget, enjoy getting into upside down positions and be a daredevil. These children may become
overexcited when there is too much to look at words, toys, or other children. They may cover their eyes, have poor eye contact,
be inattentive when drawing or doing desk work, or overreact to bright light. These children often act out in an attempt to cope
with their inability to process sensory information such as acting out in crowded or loud places.
22. Early-onset diabetes: Aggression, depression, and anxiety. If family history of diabetes checking for this is a must.
23. Heart disease and Cardiac conditions: Reduce the supply of blood, oxygen and nutrients to the brain.
25. Early-Onset Bi-Polar disorder: 85% of children with child-like Bi-polar also meet the criteria for ADHD. The symptoms are
extremely close. Early-Onset Bi-polar should be ruled out before ADHD is considered mainly because they are treated with
different medications. ADHD is treated with stimulants which will make a Bipolar child worse, possibly psychotic.
27. Worms / Parasites: Pinworms lay their eggs in the anal area, causing tickling and itching, which are most bothersome at
night. The lack of sleep from this infestation can cause crankiness or bad behavior during the day. When asleep, nightmares
may be present. Roundworms, hookworms, and tapeworms are other examples that can make a child display ADHD like
symptoms. Worms cause hyperactive behavior, learning problems, depression, or attention deficits.
28. Viral or bacterial infections:
29. Malnutrition or improper diet: An unbalanced diet can affect a child's behavior.
30. Head injuries: Symptoms include Irritability, emotionality, memory problems, depression, and sleep disturbances.
31. Caffeine: At doses as low as 250 milligrams a day, a level many American children exceed, caffeine can cause
rambling speech, attention and concentration problems, agitation, heart palpitations, insomnia, and hyperactive behavior.
32. Some disorders such as anemias reduce oxygen to the brain causing disturbance in the brains chemistry
33. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or Fetal alcohol effects (FAE): FAS is a name that doctors use to describe the damage done
to children's brains and bodies when their mother drink heavily during pregnancy. It is the leading form of mental retardation
today. Prenatal alcohol impairment, however, also comes in a milder form called fetal alcohol effects (FAE). Children with FAE
often don't look disabled, and they tend to score in the low-normal or even normal range of intelligence. But these kids aren't
normal. Their mal-developed brains cause them to exhibit a wide range of behavior problems, including hyperactivity, attention
problems, learning disorders, and ethical problems such as stealing, lying, and cheating.
34. Intentionally or unintentionally sniffing materials such as modeling glue or other house hold products.
35. Some drugs:, (both prescription and illegal) If your child routinely takes prescription or over-the-counter meds for
asthma, hay fever, allergies, headaches, or any other condition, consider that they are causing or contributing to problems.
36. beta-hemolytic streptococcus:(better known as "strep.") Left untreated, strep can cause rheumatic fever and a
movement disorder called Sydenham's chorea. Recurrent infections can lead to a group of symptoms collectively known as
PANDAS (Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders) Some symptoms of PANDAS include obsessive-compulsive behavior,
Tourette's syndrome, hyperactivity, cognitive problems, and fidgeting.
37. Lack of exercise: Quite a few hyperactive children actually do not get enough sustained, strenuous exercise to stay healthy
mentally and physically. One reason is that exercise increases serotonin levels in the brain exactly what Prozac does.
38.Gifted Children: Behaviors are poor attention, boredom, daydreaming, low tolerance for persistence on tasks that seem
irrelevant, their judgment often lags behind their development of intellect, their intensity may lead to power struggles with
authorities, and they may have a high activity level. They may need less sleep compared to other children.
39.Emotional problems: Bullying may produce behavioral changes and poor concentration.
40. Poor Parenting: A number of children labeled hyperactive are merely under-disciplined.
43. Early stage brain tumors 44. Brain cysts:
45. Temporal lobe seizures: The Temporal lobe is a part of the brain. Any brain malfunction can cause inappropriate behavior.
That's why conducting brain scans is a must when trying to figure out behavior problems.
48. Porphyria: A hereditary enzyme-deficiency disease.
50. Intestinal parasites: Parasites rob the body of needed nutrients which in-turn affects behavior.
Anyone in a secure hospital would say that normality is what they want you to be and any deviation from that needs correcting. I get the feeling that with so many differential diagnoses just for ADHD, that our discoveries will be what ultimately destroy us and therefore we are doomed already.
The example above on ADHD each has a differential diagnosis, each with their genetic vulnerability in-built, neurosequentially significant whether the insult was accidental or intentional, this now sounds like an impossible game like quantum mechanics.
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Not all drugs are good, Some are great.
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