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Open-Source Technique for GM Crops
    #3764672 -

http://www.bios.net/daisy/bios/431/version/live/part/4/data

Researchers at CAMBIA have made a breakthrough in biotechnology by successfully
transferring genes to plants using several bacteria other than Agrobacterium tumefaciens or At,
that so far has been considered the only microbe capable of such gene transfer. The discovery has
earned the scientists a publication in Nature, one of science?s most prestigious journals.
The finding is particularly significant since using At for gene transfer to plants is covered by
complex patenting laws that has prevented its use by many organizations worldwide. The new
technology is an exciting alternative, since it will be available through an ?open-source? license
that has no commercial restrictions, but requires a commitment to sharing improvements.
Agrobacterium is commonly found in soil and naturally parasitizes plants by inserting its
bacterial genes into the plant?s genome. The inserted segment, referred to as T-DNA, is present
in At as part of a larger circular DNA fragment known as the Ti plasmid. Until now it has not
been conclusively shown that the Ti plasmid can be used in other bacteria for gene transfer to
plants.
The team at CAMBIA introduced a specially modified Ti plasmid into three different types of
bacteria, Rhizobium, Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium, that are closely related to At, to test
whether these bacteria would allow gene transfer to plants. Another fragment of DNA or vector
was also introduced into the bacteria. It contained several components including the transferring
T-DNA, as well as a gene for GUSPlus  that allows a colour test in plant material to ensure that
gene transfer has occurred.
The altered bacteria were grown on leaf pieces of tobacco and tested for gene transfer by the use
of the GUSPlus activity colour test, which clearly showed the characteristics associated with
successful gene transfer. As expected, GUSPlus activity was not observed in control experiments
where the bacteria contained the vector but not the Ti plasmid. Once the tobacco plants were
regenerated from the leaf discs, further tests also confirmed that the T-DNA had integrated into
sites within the plant genome.
Sinorhizobium was also able to mediate gene transfer in other plants such as rice and the model
plant Arabidopsis thaliana, while Rhizobium allowed gene transfer to Arabidopsis. All
regenerated plants from these experiments were conclusively shown to have T-DNA integrated
into their genomes.
It is extremely useful that Sinorhizobium is able transfer genes to a range of plant tissues in both
broad-leafed dicotyledonous and narrow-leafed monocotyledonous plants. Many important crops
have been resistant to gene transfer by At and this new technology may provide the answer.
CAMBIA has applied for a patent on this technology and offers TransBacter, the collective
name it has given these bacteria, as an ?open-source? alternative to the international community.
This will be achieved through an innovative license concept, called BIOS ? Biological Innovation
for Open Society ? which is based on precedents in computer software, but has been adapted for
patented technology to ensure sharing of improvements.



http://science.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=05/02/10/134231&tid=191&tid=1&tid=14


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Re: Open-Source Technique for GM Crops [Re: Baby_Hitler]
    #3765205 -

Great, now we can grow cannabis tomatoes.  :wink:

Good post man.


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:dancing: My latest music! :yesnod:

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Re: Open-Source Technique for GM Crops [Re: Fliquid]
    #3768337 -

And we can fix all those endangered species so that they are better suited for survival.

"Dear me, this fish seems to need a third fin to help it navigate over these rocks better.


There you go little fella. New and improved.






La te da de dum...


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