tree frog said:

Panaeolus cyanescens make stones in my current AIO jar recipe.  This is one of a few jars doing it, but the other ones fruited and I this one didn't want too.  So I got curious and tore it apart.  Maybe the biochar or a combination of it and grass seed etc.  But I can imagine the char upregulating sclerotia production to protect against possible fire.




Maybe I'll make some popcorn jars with a bit of char and grass seed to see how they do.

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Tropicalis is annoying   This is the only specimen I know of on that's ever been in circulation that matches holotype microscopy on iNaturalist.

Posting this here, but also I will move this into the tropicalis species post.

Workman said:

Panaeolus (Copelandia) tropicalis has been a thorn in my side for ages.  The published descriptions are vague, conflicting in some details and in French and German.  After examining dozens of collections, I was beginning to suspect that P. tropicalis wasn't even a real species and just a variety of P. cambodginiensis. 

BUT!!! now that I have actually seen one, its completely obvious when viewed under the microscope.  I instantly knew something was different when I first placed the specimen under the microscope, even at 100x magnification.  The metuloids (pleurocystidia) are nearly solid black (actually a very dark reddish brown).

I'll be putting together a microscopy guide for the 4 species of Copelandia (cyanescens, cambodginiensis, bisporus and tropicalis) for future reference.

Notes below:

Andaman Islands, India




This specimen has exceptionally thick walled Pleurocystidia, which is characteristic of Panaeolus tropicalis.  This is the first convincing specimen I have observed so far.  The specimen is badly contaminated and decayed.  No cheilocystidia were observed but are assumed to be present.  Isolation attempts to procured a more pristine specimen are underway.

From Gerhardt: (translated from German)

Quote:

Panaeolus tropicalis is mainly characterized through the typical form of the Metuloids. Their thick-walled shape and the conical top which is later completely filled with wall material are unique within the subgenus.

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Drawing of P. tropicalis metuloid from Gerhardt


For comparison, the image below is what could be considered a typical Copelandian metuloid.  This example is P. bisporus but P. cyanescens looks nearly identical.




Previously I had misidentified a specimen of Panaeolus cambodginiensis as P. tropicalis in this thread.

http://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/6950069#6950069 

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tree frog said:

Couple more observations of the Spanish specimen.  I did go back and scope the mother plate to check for bacterial ride alongs.




The mycelium is a lot denser than the West Coast species.  Here's a clone showing typical mycelium at this stage of growth.



The spore size and shape of the two is quite similar though.

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Spanish bisporus didn't fruit, cabin sequestered and trying those cultures again (they look better and are back in fruiting).

Some spore microscopy from a potential tropicalis from Noah Keeper.






Germinating so we'll see.  But I have high hopes from the fruit body photos.

Noah Keeper said:

first I thought maybe some wild species growing along

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Noah Keeper said:

Panaeolus tropicalis

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Quote:

Panaeolus tropicalis - unconfirmed (?)
Section Cyanescens - confirmed by microscopy
Source - bra/pheno

Pan tropicalis (possibly needs sequenced, genetics through bra/pheno).  Ran on popcorn and phase 2 compost.  1:4.  Peat based casing (like a cyan aside from temp preference).

Better morphology at 74-76f then 80f.  Knots heavily on plates.  Cords visible.




Fruits yellow under black light when dry.



And look like this.  (On other phone, will add)





Second flush.


Third.



First flush at 80f



Microscopy 3rd.  No basidia observed clearly.  Possibly two or four in these photos.




Spores and metuloids.

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tree frog said:

Panaeolus ? - Oregon, species unconfirmed
Section Cyanescens - confirmed by microscopy
Source - wild collection, Portland, OR

Ran on popcorn and phase 2 compost.  1:4.  Peat based casing (like a cyan aside from temp range).

Better morphology at 80f then 74-76.  Cords visible.  Possible sclerotia like structures on plates.

Mycelium




Outdoor fruits 70s




90s


Indoor fruits mid 70s


80


Yellow green under black light



Microscopy - Metuloids and four spored basidia visible.

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tree frog said:

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Siphonophorest said:

So here are some pictures of the original collection, I’m not sure where the Peace River comparison originated, I never said that. I don’t think I ever posted any pics of these before, as I didn’t think they were the best photos although I took a shit ton, none of them seemed very good to me.

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