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Offlinefarmboybluez
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Registered: 05/27/03
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Possible psilocybe azurescens =)
    #1585437 - 05/28/03 03:34 PM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Making some spore prints... cant get the darn digital camera to work with my windows system =( Found the little boogers growing on a decomposing tree (Ohio), tucked in among a few other specimens. Cap color seems to be a brownish/red tinge with discoloration about 3mm inside from the edge. Gills are whitish/tan and the stem is white. Specimens I found look almost exactly like the ones I found, they were even growing like that =)




Edited by farmboybluez (05/28/03 03:36 PM)

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Offlinefarmboybluez
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: farmboybluez]
    #1585439 - 05/28/03 03:35 PM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Crapola... no pic!

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Invisibleangryshroom
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: farmboybluez]
    #1585535 - 05/28/03 03:54 PM (20 years, 9 months ago)

The picture posted is not your picture...right?

Well, Id say that you did NOT find azurescens for many reasons... Sorry :frown:

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Offlinefarmboybluez
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: angryshroom]
    #1585559 - 05/28/03 04:01 PM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Dang... well, I'll have some spores and pics up soon! Also found some bright orange mushrooms, cap is no bigger than 1.5cm, orange gills and orange spore. I normally dont go around messing with things that are orange, but they looked interesting...! Joe

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OfflineMagmaManiac
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: farmboybluez]
    #1585611 - 05/28/03 04:17 PM (20 years, 9 months ago)

please get a spore print because i would very much like to ID this mushroom. thanks

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Offlinefarmboybluez
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: MagmaManiac]
    #1588173 - 05/29/03 07:47 AM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Spore print turned out to be black, mushrooms dried to a dark brown/black color. Only problem, it doesnt bruise... at all! Never seen a p.a. around my parts, or anything that looks similar to this mushroom. Any idea on what it is?

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Offlinefarmboybluez
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: MagmaManiac]
    #1588176 - 05/29/03 07:48 AM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Spore print turned out to be black, mushrooms dried to a dark brown/black color. Stem is thick and fibrous but hollow as well. Only problem, it doesnt bruise... at all! Never seen a p.a. around my parts, or anything that looks similar to this mushroom. Any idea on what it is? Oh, what are the orange mushrooms? Woke up this morning in a tranquilized state... wondering if I should start wearing gloves before I handle [orange] mushrooms... =) Farmer

Edited by farmboybluez (05/29/03 07:49 AM)

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Offlineshroomizzy
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: angryshroom]
    #1588406 - 05/29/03 10:15 AM (20 years, 9 months ago)

they're not azurescens? they look just like it.... damn i guess thats what gets you into trouble


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OfflineAnnoA
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: shroomizzy]
    #1588416 - 05/29/03 10:18 AM (20 years, 9 months ago)


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Invisiblemjshroomer
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: Anno]
    #1589157 - 05/29/03 02:48 PM (20 years, 9 months ago)

HEy Anno, those are the pages for P. cyanofibrilosa and P. Liniformis var. americana. Not for P. azurescens. Those are inthe journal Integration form Germany. I oported them here a few years ago so they are in the archives on the zsaures.

I do not think those are P. cyanofibrilossa or P. liniformis var. americana. I have picked both of those species.

I will admit his shrooms somewhat resemble P. azurescens but they are not P. azures.

mj

And those shrooms having that color cap and then having black spores is rather strange because only the Coprinus, Panaeolus, Copelandia and Anellaria. None of them have redish brown caps with pure white stems.

mj

Edited by mjshroomer (05/29/03 02:56 PM)

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Offlinefarmboybluez
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: mjshroomer]
    #1589241 - 05/29/03 03:19 PM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Damn chemicals are killing my brain, doing automotive work without rubber gloves can lead to brain damage! Shrooms dried to a light brown color, not black. Spores are definately black or a very dark brown. Edges of the shroom are tan... Farmer

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OfflineAnnoA
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: mjshroomer]
    #1592259 - 05/30/03 06:20 AM (20 years, 9 months ago)

>HEy Anno, those are the pages for P. cyanofibrilosa and P. Liniformis var. americana.

Oops, I gave the wrong link, sorry.

This is the corret one
http://www.tacethno.com/info/psilocybe/astoria.txt

Paul Stamets and Jochen Gartz
A new caerulescent Psilocybe from the Pacific Coast of
Northwestern America

Abstract:
A new taxon from the Pacific Northwest of North American is described. This
species can be placed into Stirps Cyanescens of the Sections Caerulescents
Singer (Singer, 1948; Singer & Smith, 1958a) or into the more recently
constructed Section Cyanescens as amended by Guzman (1983). This new species
is autumnal and lignicolous, living in soils enriched with deciduous wood-
debris, characterestic of riparian woodlands of the coastal regions of the
Pacific Northwest of North America. Strongly bruising bluish to indigo-black,
this Psilocybe species features a hazelnut to caramel-colored pileus and a
stipe whose base radiates clusters of white rhizomorphs. This novel species
is delineated through a combination of morphological and microscopic
feautures and possesses unusally high concentrations of psilocybin, psilocin
and baeocystin.


Psilocybe azurescens Stamets & Gartz sp. nova

Pileo ochreato-brunneo, hygrophano, viscido, pellicula separabili intructo,
conico dein convexo, plano 30-100mm lato, umbonato. Lamellis sinuato-adnatis,
pallidis vel brunneo. Stipite albo, stricto, elongato, 90-200mm, fibrillis
cum strigositate basis caerulescentibus. Carne caerulescente. Sporis 12-13,5
x 6,5-8.0 um. Cystidiis fusoid-ventricosis. Cheilocystidiis 23-28 x 6.5-8.0
um; pleurocystidiis 23-35 x 9-10 um.

Macroscopic Features:
Pileus 30-100mm in diameter, conic to convex, expanding to broadly convex and
eventually flattening with age with a pronounced, persistent broad umbo;
surface smooth, viscous when moist, covered by a separable gelatinous
pellicle; chestnut to ochraceous brown to caramel in color often becoming
pitted with dark blue or bluish black zones, hygrophanous, fading to light
straw color in drying, strongly bruising blue when damaged; margin even,
sometimes irregular and eroded at maturity, slightly incurved at first, soon
decurved, flattening with maturity, translucent striate and often leaving a
fibrillose annular zone in the upper regions of the stem. Lamellae ascending,
sinuate to adnate, brown, often stained info-black where injured, close,
with two tiers of lamellulae, mottled, edges withish. Spore-print dark
purplish brown to purplish black in mass. Stipe 90-200mm long by 3-6mm thick,
silky white, dingy brown from the base or in age, hollow at maturity.
Composed of twisted, cartilaginous tissue. Base of stem thickening downwards,
often curved, and characterized by coarse white aerial tufts of mycelium,
often with azure tones. Mycelium surrounding stipe base densely rhizomorphic,
silky white, tenaciously holding the wood-chips together, strongly bruising
bluish upon disturbance. Odor none to slightly farinaceous. Taste extremely
bitter.

Microscopic Features:
Clamp connections abundant. Ixocutis gelatinous, hyaline hyphae, 1.5 - 5.5um
in diameter. Sub-pellis a brownish band, more highly pigmented than pileal
trama. Lamellar trama regular, composed of hyphae 5 - 15 um in diameter,
slightly encrusted with brown pigments; subhumenium a subcellular compact
layer, 10um thick. Pileal trama 5 - 15um thick. Pleurocystidia abundant,
fusoid-ventricose, tapering to a narrow but short neck, bluntly papillate,
23-35 x 9-10 um. Cheilocystidia forming a nongelatinized sterile band, nearly
identical to pleurocystidia measuring 23-28 x 6.5-8.0 um. Basidia 4-spored,
measuring 27-30.5 x 6.3-7.2 um. Spores 12-13.5 x 6.5-8.0 um, rich reddish
brown in KOH and light purplish vinaceous in aqeous ammoniacal solutions.
Wall thickness less than 1 um. Caulocystidia abundant above the annular zone
and similar to pleurocystidia but thicker walled and more irregular,
measuring 43um long with undulated necks. Cortial hyphae on stipe slightly
thickened, almost subgelatinized walls, 3 - 5 um in diameter with clamps and
brown intra-perital pigment. Caulocystidia absent below annular zone. Tissue
notably awash with bluish tones.

Habit & Habitat:
Cespitose to gregarious on deciduous wood-chips and/or in sandy soils rich in
lignicolous debris. Aspect collyboid, generating an extensive, dense and
tenacious mycelial mat, P. azurescens causes the whitening of wood. Fruitings
begin in late September and continue until harsh frost, usually mid-November.

Distribution:
Specimens were first collected on an alluvial plain along the Columbia river
network near Astoria, Oregon in 1979. Fruitings of this species are known
from Oregon and Washington. Holotype: A dried collection of fruitbodies
cultivated on alder (Alnus rubra) wood-chips using the methods described by
Stamets (1993) outdoors, harvested on 11/21/93 and deposited at WTU. Original
clone used for propagation was from Astoria, Oregon on 10/30/79. Additional
collections from Tillamook and Astoria, Oregon in October 1990 were collected
by one of the authors (Jochen Gartz) and deposited in LZ.

Taxonomic Considerations:
Psilocybe azurescens generally resembles Psilocybe bohemica Sebek, Psilocybe
cyanofibrillosa Guzman & Stamets, Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield, Psilocybe
eucalypta Guzman & Walting, Psilocybe mairei Singer, Psilocybe serbica Moser
& Horak and Psilocybe collybioides Singer & Smith. Complete reproductive
barriers have been found be one of the authors (Jochen Gartz) between
Psilocybe azurescens and P. bohemica as well as between P. azurescens and
Pacific Northwest European collections of P.cyanescens.

In it's natural habitat, the general aspect of Psilocybe azurescens is most
similar to Psilocybe cyanofibrillosa Stamets & Guzman but differs in several
significant macroscopic features. Psilocybe azurescens has pleurocystidia
whereas Psilocybe cyanofibrillosa has long necked, lageniform cheilocystidia,
often forked, while Psilocybe azurescens has singly formed, fusoid ventricose
cheilocystidia with short necks. Macroscopically P. azurescens is much larger
in form and quickly bruises bluish to indigo-black upon handling. The
bruising reaction in P. cyanofibrillosa is less intense and comparatively
slow in appearing, which directly reflects it's low psilocybin content
(Bocks, 1968; Stamets et al. 1980). Both species are characterized by non-
undulating pileal margins.

Psilocybe azurescens also closely resembles a variety of Pacific Northwest
Psilocybe widely reported as Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield, a species
originally discovered in the British Isles. This variety of Psilocybe
cyanescens gained considerable notoriety in the mid-1970's (Weil, 1975, 1977;
Pollock, 1975; Ott, 1975; Guzman & Ott, 1976; Guzman et al., 1976). Yet, this
mushroom has probably been confused with other taxa. The mushroom portrayed
in many popular field guides and identified as P. cyanescens (Arora, 1979 &
1991; Lincoff & Mitchel, 1977; Lincoff, 1981; Menser, 1977; Ott & Bigwood,
1978; Stamets, 1978) differs from the type in the relative number of surface
cystidia.

In the Pacific Northwest, P. azurescens can be macroscopically distinguished
from P. cyanescens by the following combination of features. P. azurescens
has a cap margin characteristically even, not undulating and has a persitent,
pronounced umbo at the disc when the pileus fully expands. The variety of P.
cyanescens from the Pacific Northwest is characterized by distinctive,
exaggerated undulating margin, resembling a sine-wave at maturity and is
notably non-umbonate. In general, P. azurescens, as it is presently
understood, is substantially larger than most collections of P. cyanescens.
Microscopically, the pleurocystidia in P. azurescens are mucronate whereas
the Pacific Northwest form P. cyanescens can become distinctly capitate at
maturity. Otherwise, the microscopic features of P. azurescens are largely
coincident within the range reported for the Pacific Northwest P. cyanescens.

Krieglsteiner (1984, 1986) extensively studies collections of Psilocybe from
Europe, some of which were determined to be Psilocybe cyanescens. He proposed
that Psilocybe mairei Singer, Psilocybe serbica Moser & Horak and Psilocybe
bohemica could be conspecific with Psilocybe cyanescens Wakefield because
these taxa could not be delineated microscopically. However, one significant
feature which characterizes Psilocybe bohemica and separates this species
from these aforementioned taxa and from Psilocybe azurescens is that the
pilei of P. bohemica become white upon drying. Furthermore, one author
(Jochen Gartz) has found complete reproductive barriers between 80 random
pairings of monokaryons from Psilocybe azurescens, Psilocybe cyanescens and
Psilocybe bohemica. Since monokaryons from single spore isolates from each of
these species have proved to be incompatible, these taxa appear to be auto-
nomous. Former research (Gartz, 1993) has also shown that complete repro-
ductive barriers exist between Pacific Northwest strains of Psilocybe
cyanescens and Czechoslovakian collections of Psilocybe bohemica. Mating
studies paired single spore isolations and clamp connections failed to
form, an indication of incompatibility. Furthermore, monokaryons from a
collection of Psilocybe cyanescens (non-pleurocystidiate form) from Austria
in October of 1992 also failed to form dikaryotic mycelia when paired with
strains of Pacific Northwest Psilocybe cyanescens (pleurocystidiate form),
Psilocybe azurescens and Psilocybe bohemica, respectively.

A closely related species is Psilocybe eucalypta Guzman & Watling. Psilocybe
eucalypta has smaller and narrower cheilocystidia, only 15-25 x 4.4-6.6 um in
comparison to P. azurescens cheilocystidia which measure 23-28 x 6.5-8.0 um.
Furthermore, P. azurescens produces a more massive fruitbody, with a pileal
diameter of 30 to 100 mm whereas P. eucalypta is smaller, falling within a
range of 15-38 mm. P. eucalypta has thus far only been reported from the
region centering around eastern Australia. Lastly, Psilocybe serbica Moser &
Horak (1968), a temperate species, can be easily separated from P. azurescens
by it's lack of pleurocystidia and it's non-umbonate form. Another related
species, Psilocybe collybioides Singer & Smith, known at present from
Argentina, shares many features common to P. azurescens save for it's
exceptionally small spores, measuring only 5.5-10 x 3.5-6.5 um. These com-
binations of features separate P. azurescens from the aforementioned taxa.
Psilocybe azurescens is being named for the soft blue tones present on the
mushroom, before handling or damage, especially along the cap margin and in
the basal mycelium. Additionally the name also honors the son of one of the
authors (Paul Stamets).

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InvisibleJoshua
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: farmboybluez]
    #1592304 - 05/30/03 06:51 AM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Quote:

Specimens I found look almost exactly like the ones I found




Consistency is good. :cool:

Where did you get the pic from in your first post w/i this thread?

Joshua 


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Offlinefarmboybluez
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: Joshua]
    #1592567 - 05/30/03 09:22 AM (20 years, 9 months ago)

Pic was found on erowid, hope I'm not infringing upon any copyrights...! Havent had access to the laboratory for the last few days so I'm still uncertain on whether it is Azurescens or not. Saved some spores and made a slide, I'll take a look later on when I'm not so busy with life. My guess is I picked an underdevopled mushroom, I'll go back to the spot in a few days to see what else I can find. Farmer

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Offlinesauroman1
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: farmboybluez]
    #24646398 - 09/20/17 11:10 AM (6 years, 5 months ago)

They should get strongly blue when bruised. Where you found it?


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InvisibleAdden
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: sauroman1]
    #24646408 - 09/20/17 11:16 AM (6 years, 5 months ago)

Thread is 14 years old

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Offlineperkysmiles
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Re: Possible psilocybe azurescens =) [Re: Adden]
    #24646885 - 09/20/17 03:08 PM (6 years, 5 months ago)

Quote:

sauroman1 said:
They should get strongly blue when bruised. Where you found it?



Quote:

Adden said:
Thread is 14 years old



:rofl: good to take :takingnotes:

Might wanna check the dates of posts before answering though. Glad to see you're willing to do some footwork.


--------------------
To love. To be loved. To never forget your own insignificance. To never get used to the unspeakable violence and the vulgar disparity of life around you. To seek joy in the saddest places. To pursue beauty to its lair. To never simplify what is complicated or complicate what is simple. To respect strength, never power. Above all, to watch. To try and understand. To never look away. And never, never, to forget.

Arundhati Roy



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