Auto-SummaryThe post discusses a worldwide Swine influenza outbreak, highlighting its origins and transmission methods. It explains that the virus, which can infect humans, is primarily a concern for those working with poultry and swine. Symptoms are similar to seasonal flu, including fever, lethargy, and coughing. The post emphasizes the importance of personal hygiene and avoiding contact with the virus to prevent infection. It also notes that the 2009 swine flu outbreak was caused by a reassorted strain of influenza A virus, with origins potentially traced to Mexican pig factory farms. While the post doesn't delve into prevention measures or treatments, it underscores the significance of the 1918 influenza pandemic as the "mother of all pandemics," which set the stage for subsequent outbreaks.
So i was just watching the news and it said that there's a worldwide Swine influenza outbreak, i got curious and decided to check out what exactly is going on.
I looked Swine influenza up.
Quote: Swine flu in humans
People who work with poultry and swine, especially people with intense exposures, are at increased risk of zoonotic infection with influenza virus endemic in these animals, and constitute a population of human hosts in which zoonosis and reassortment can co-occur.[17] Transmission of influenza from swine to humans who work with swine was documented in a small surveillance study performed in 2004 at the University of Iowa.[18] This study among others forms the basis of a recommendation that people whose jobs involve handling poultry and swine be the focus of increased public health surveillance.[17] The 2009 swine flu outbreak appears to be a result of co-occurring zoonosis and reassortment.[citation needed]
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that the symptoms and transmission of the swine flu from human to human is much like seasonal flu, commonly fever, lethargy, lack of appetite and coughing. Some people with swine flu also have reported runny nose, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.[19] It is believed to be spread between humans through coughing or sneezing of infected people and touching something with the virus on it and then touching their own nose or mouth.[20] The swine flu in humans is most contagious during the first five days of the illness although some people, most commonly children, can remain contagious for up to ten days. Diagnosis can be made by sending a specimen, collected during the first five days, to the CDC for analysis.[21]
The swine flu is susceptible to four drugs licensed in the United States, amantadine, rimantadine, oseltamivir and zanamivir, however, for the 2009 outbreak it is recommended it be treated with oseltamivir and zanamivir.[22] The vaccine for the human seasonal H1N1 flu does not protect against the swine H1N1 flu, even if the virus strains are the same specific variety, as they are antigenically very different.[23] Prevention
Recommendations to prevent infection by the virus consist of the standard personal precautions against influenza. This includes frequent washing of hands with soap and water or with alcohol-based hand sanitizers, especially after being out in-public. People should avoid touching their mouth, nose or eyes with their hands unless they've washed their hands. If people do cough, they should either cough into a tissue and throw it in the garbage immediately, cough into their elbow, or, if they cough in their hand, they should wash their hands immediately
1918 Influenza: the Mother of All Pandemics
The "Spanish" influenza pandemic of 1918–1919 infected one [larger]third of the world's population (or ≈500 million persons at that time) and caused ≈50 million deaths.[28] The impact of this pandemic was not limited to 1918–1919. All influenza A pandemics since that time, and indeed almost all cases of influenza A worldwide (excepting human infections from avian viruses such as H5N1 and H7N7), have been caused by descendants of the 1918 virus, including "drifted" H1N1 viruses and reassorted H2N2 and H3N2 viruses. The latter are composed of key genes from the 1918 virus, updated by subsequently incorporated avian influenza genes that code for novel surface proteins, making the 1918 virus indeed the "mother" of all pandemics.
Before and after 1918, most influenza pandemics developed in Asia and spread from there to the rest of the world. Confounding definite assignment of a geographic point of origin, the 1918 pandemic spread more or less simultaneously in 3 distinct waves during an ≈12-month period in 1918–1919, in Europe, Asia, and North America (the first wave was best described in the United States in March 1918).[29]
2009 swine flu outbreak Confirmed cases followed by death Confirmed cases Unconfirmed or suspected cases See also: H1N1 Swine Flu cases tagged on Google Maps Main article: 2009 swine flu outbreak
The new strain of influenza involved in the 2009 swine flu outbreak strain is a reassortment of several strains of influenza A virus subtype H1N1 that are, separately, endemic in humans and in swine. Preliminary genetic characterization found that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene was similar to that of swine flu viruses present in U.S. pigs since 1999, but the neuraminidase (NA) and matrix protein (M) genes resembled versions present in European swine flu isolates. Viruses with this genetic makeup had not previously been found to be circulating in humans or pigs, but there is no formal national surveillance system to determine what viruses are circulating in pigs in the U.S.[12]
The origins of this new strain remain unknown. One theory is that Asian and European strains traveled to Mexico in migratory birds or in people, then combined with North American strains in Mexican pig factory farms before jumping over to farm workers.[32] The Mexican health agency acknowledged that the original disease vector of the virus may have been flies multiplying in manure lagoons of pig farms near Perote, Veracruz, owned by Granjas Carroll,[33] a subsidiary of Smithfield Foods.[34]
See also
* Bird flu * Dog flu * Horse flu * Human flu
* Zoonosis * Pandemic * List of epidemics * Infectious disease
"Swine Flu Cases Without Swine Exposure" Center for Biosecurity of UPMC H1N1 Swine Flu cases tagged on Google Maps.
Influenza Research - Vaccine - Treatment - Genome sequencing - Season
A pandemic (from Greek παν pan all + δήμος demos people) is an epidemic of infectious disease that spreads through populations across a large region; for instance a continent, or even worldwide.
Pages in category "Pandemics"
A
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* El Tor
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* Swine influenza
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* Third Pandemic
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