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Sugar Myth: Sugar rots your teeth.
Sweet Truth: Sugar is just one culprit. Many foods, including starches like breads and cereals, and snack foods like chips and crackers, mix with bacteria in your mouth to form acids. These acids can dissolve tooth enamel, leading to tooth decay and cavities. You can help prevent this by brushing after meals and avoiding sweet or starchy snacks between meals.
If you don't brush your teeth, the bacteria, saliva and starchy, sugary food particles in your mouth form a sticky coating called plaque on your teeth and along your gum line. Plaque can harden after a day into tartar, which then has to be scraped off by your dentist. When plaque and tartar build up, they can infect the gums, bones and tissue that keep your teeth from falling out.
Sugar Myth: Sugar causes diabetes.
Sweet Truth: Diabetes is not triggered by eating too much sugar. Diabetes means the body can't make normal use of sugar, so it builds up in the blood. Symptoms include excessive thirst, urination, hunger and weight loss. There are two types of diabetes:
In type I diabetes, this inability to use and store sugar is caused by a lack of insulin. Insulin is a natural hormone that your body needs to convert sugar, starch and other foods into energy to keep you going. Type I diabetes is the more serious form of the disease, usually striking young people. Treatment involves taking daily injections of insulin.
In type II diabetes, you may have normal levels of insulin, but your body doesn't use it efficiently. Up to 90 percent of all diabetics have type II diabetes, which tends to occur in older, overweight adults. Treatment can include medication, but more often involves changes in lifestyle - such as following a healthy diet, exercising, watching your weight and reducing stress.
Sugar Myth: Sugar makes you fat.
Sweet Truth: The only thing that causes weight gain is consuming more calories in a day than you can burn off. Excess calories from any source - fats and proteins, as well as carbohydrates like sugar and starch - get stored over time as extra pounds of body fat. In fact, some nutrition experts note that people battling the bulge tend to overindulge in fatty foods rather than sugary treats.
Sugar Myth: Sugar turns kids hyperactive.
Sweet Truth: If kids act "wired" after gorging on candy, cake and ice cream, it's likely due to the stimulating environment in which the sweet snacks are consumed. Study after study has found no conclusive scientific evidence linking sugar intake with hyperactivity or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Some scientists suggest, however, that certain stimulants in sweet treats such as chocolate and soft drinks could increase kids' activity levels. For instance, a child drinking a can of cola gets roughly the same jolt of caffeine as an adult downing four cups of coffee.
CANDY SCIENCE FACTS
n Honey has an amazing doctor's bag of healing ingredients. It contains glucose oxidase, a substance that produces hydrogen peroxide, which kills bacteria chemically. Another skin healing substance in honey is propolis - something that bees make to fix their hive. So scars don't have a chance.
n You need one minute, 54 seconds to burn off a sugar cube while cross country skiing at a speed of 5 mph.
n What are some puckering ingredients? Citric acid gives you a short, quick shot of sour up front, malic acid gives you a lingering sour and funaric acid hangs in with the longest sour.
n Gummi candies are derived from gelatin. Gelatin is extracted from collagen in the collective tissue of animals - mostly pigs and cows. What parts? Their bones and skin.
n Each taste bud has anywhere from 50-150 taste receptors are sensitive to certain chemicals. So if these chemicals are dissolved in your mouth, off goes a signal to the brain. And your brain decides "Sweet" or "Bitter."
n Salt is important in processed meat products because it acts as a preservative. But sugar products are needed to counteract the salt's harshness and balance the taste.
n Flavor is a mix of taste, smell and sensations like hot or cold from the tongue and mouth. You have 10-20 million smell receptors that detect the smells that contribute to flavor. All these sensations tell our brains that an orange is definitely not an apple.
n Sugar is a natural food product so bacteria seek it out. Putting a little in garbage bags speeds up their breakdown in landfill sites.
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