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Offlinelequebecfume
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Moderation, thy name is Toronto
    #7322126 - 08/22/07 03:18 PM (16 years, 5 months ago)

HEALTH
Moderation, thy name is Toronto

City's rate of drug and alcohol abuse is the lowest in Canada – part of an urban trend, study shows

Aug 22, 2007 04:30 AM
Iain Marlow
Staff Reporter

Toronto residents are less likely to abuse alcohol and drugs than those who live in smaller cities or in rural areas. In fact, the rate of abuse here is the lowest in the country.

One reason for that perhaps surprising statistic may be the city's large percentage of recent immigrants, a new study suggests.

The research, recently published in the Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, essentially debunks the common perception that urban areas are jammed full of stress-fuelled alcoholics and junkies.

Across Canada, the prevalence of substance abuse in the general population of large cities was below both the national and provincial averages, said Scott Veldhuizen, a research analyst at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and main author of the study.

"It's not something we expected," he said, adding that immigrants, many of whom avoid alcohol for cultural or religious reasons, represent at least one explanation for the discrepancy.

The study suggests that mid-sized cities, the Maritimes and the Prairies suffer from a higher than average prevalence of substance abuse.

"A lot of it comes down to things like migration and economics and how prosperous and how well-off these regions are," Veldhuizen said. "When you have more poverty and more inequality, you tend to have more problems generally with respect to crime or substance abuse."

Scott Carlson, a University of British Columbia psychology professor, said the study doesn't surprise him and should have implications for public policy. "It suggests that resources for identification and treatment ... be allocated accordingly," he said. "It would make sense to fund more research on causal factors, on what would be contributing to this difference."

Veldhuizen's findings are based on self-reported statistics in two household surveys done by Statistics Canada in 2002 and 2004.

Respondents over 15 were asked about their use of alcohol and illicit drugs and whether they had experienced personal or social harm as a result of such use.

Among those who used alcohol or drugs, some 11 per cent nationally acknowledged having substance abuse problems. But provinces varied widely – from Saskatchewan's 14 per cent high to Quebec's 9.1 per cent low.

Explanations for the discrepancies are somewhat speculative.

Other studies have found that people living farther north experience more depression due to fewer hours of sunlight, which may lead to substance abuse. Most Canadian cities outside Ontario and Quebec are farther north than Toronto.

Substance abuse also trends higher among those with less education.

It may not be the case, though, that Torontonians drink less overall, but rather that they drink in moderation or do not perceive their boozing as abuse.

"You can have a drinking culture where the pattern is always light drinking," Veldhuizen said, referencing Quebec's love affair with wine. "And then you can have a binge-drinking culture."

thestar.com


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