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Workman
1999 Spore War Veteran


Registered: 03/01/01
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Re: Breeding? [Re: gorilla]
#623712 - 05/01/02 12:17 AM (21 years, 8 months ago) |
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Yes it is possible and mushrooms do have sex. Of course you have to stick to the same species so technically crossing one strain of cubensis with another strain of cubensis isn't a hybrid. But it still can be used to generate novel strains. Spores, like eggs and sperm, have only half the chromosomes of somatic cells. A singe spore germinates and grows a thin monokaryotic mycelium until it comes in contact with another strand of mycelium from a different spore. At the point of contact the two myceliums fuse and genes recombine into a dikaryotic mycelium that grows thicker and faster and is "hopefully" capable of fruiting. The difficult part in breeding is isolating individual spores and growing out the monokaryotic mycelium. "The Mushroom Cultivator" (Stamets and Chilton) covers the spore diltution technique on pages 340-341. There is another method of crossing strains that isn't as well understood or well known called anastomosis. This is mentioned on page 8 of "The Mushroom Cultivator". Anastomosis is where two dikaryotic myceliums fuse, exchange genetic material and form a new strain. This can sometimes be seen in casings containing two different strains where a few mushrooms seem to be intermediate between the two parent strains. Anastomosis can be done easily on agar where the two different fruiting strains are allowed to grow together in a single petri dish. Typically, a zone of incompatibility forms where the two strains meet. Even though it seems that the two strains are completely rejecting each other, genetic exchange is usually taking place. If a small wedge is taken from the incompatibility zone and culture out to fruiting, new strains often result mixed in with the parent strains. For some reason the crosses appear more abundantly in later flushes. It is suggested that strains very different in appearance are chosen for crossing by this method so that they are easily recognized when they occur.
-------------------- Research funded by the patrons of The Spore Works Exotic Spore Supply My Instagram Reinvesting 25% of Sales Towards Basic Research and Species Identification 
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Workman
1999 Spore War Veteran


Registered: 03/01/01
Posts: 3,598
Loc: Oregon, USA
Last seen: 6 hours, 29 minutes
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Re: Breeding? [Re: ]
#623989 - 05/01/02 11:16 AM (21 years, 8 months ago) |
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Teonan is correct. Individual cells of mushroom mycelia contain two nuclei. I left out a great deal of information in my simplified post to make it more readable for the nonmycologist. But Teonan makes an excellent point that I should have included. You really need to get spores from your new "hybrid" in order to achieve recombination. I misstated that recombination happens when two monokaryotic strains combine.
-------------------- Research funded by the patrons of The Spore Works Exotic Spore Supply My Instagram Reinvesting 25% of Sales Towards Basic Research and Species Identification 
Edited by Workman (05/01/02 11:19 AM)
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Workman
1999 Spore War Veteran


Registered: 03/01/01
Posts: 3,598
Loc: Oregon, USA
Last seen: 6 hours, 29 minutes
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Interspecies crosses are not possible using normal breeding methods. It may be possible to fuse monokaryotic protoplasts (nake cells with the cell walls removed) of cubensis with azures. But that would take some specialized equipment and a lot of time. In order to just breed a better azure using selection you would have to succeed in getting at least minimal fruiting indoors with viable spores resulting for further selection. The dumping of several spore prints into nutrients and freezing might result in something. But since you won't be growing cubes in the freezer, how about just selecting the fastest growing mycelium at 45F?
-------------------- Research funded by the patrons of The Spore Works Exotic Spore Supply My Instagram Reinvesting 25% of Sales Towards Basic Research and Species Identification 
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