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brainsOplenty
myconut


Registered: 06/27/06
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anyone have any info on growing morels?
#5879005 - 07/19/06 08:11 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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was just wondering if any of you good people out there had any info about growing morels? i've got a couple jars of black morel going right now, and i've also got two jars of liquid culture. any input on this situation would be greatly appreciated.
-------------------- FOR GOD'S SAKE MAN! TELL ME ABOUT THE FUCKING GOLF SHOES!!! LIVIN THE LIFE!!! "WE KNOCK NIGGAS OUT AND MAKE EM BOUNCE LIKE RICKY HATTON"- IMMORTAL TECHNIQUE
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: brainsOplenty]
#5879166 - 07/19/06 09:00 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
Edited by AcidHorse (07/23/06 12:30 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5879204 - 07/19/06 09:12 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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go to your local wine and home brewing supply store and pick up some 'yeast nutrients' (urea / ammonium phosphate) it does wonders for morel mycelial growth. Mix in some dextrose as well. Works good for liquid media too.
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
Edited by AcidHorse (07/19/06 09:22 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5879249 - 07/19/06 09:25 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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I can give you tips on how to go from here on out.
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5884966 - 07/21/06 04:33 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5890347 - 07/23/06 12:12 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
Edited by AcidHorse (07/23/06 12:29 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5890378 - 07/23/06 12:28 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
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strangladesh
masterOFpuppets


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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5893912 - 07/24/06 09:54 AM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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Anyone have any insight to what their doing different to get them to grow indoors, I'm thinking the time you introduce the casing layer over the formed sclerotia. Dont they also use a flooding period.
Edited by strangladesh (07/24/06 10:04 AM)
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RogerRabbit
Bans for Pleasure


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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: strangladesh]
#5894118 - 07/24/06 11:43 AM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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I've had some limited success fruiting the sclerotia in a bed of peat/verm supplimented with ashes from the bbq grill. Remove all the grains and mycelium before attempting to fruit the sclerotia. I never had luck at all until I added the ashes from the grill. More work is underway. RR
-------------------- Download Let's Grow Mushrooms semper in excretia sumus solim profundum variat "I've never had a failed experiment. I've only discovered 10,000 methods which do not work." Thomas Edison
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: RogerRabbit]
#5895737 - 07/24/06 08:54 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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Refrigerating and freezing the sclerotia would be one other thing to do as well.
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5895798 - 07/24/06 09:06 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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the Flooding period must be done using a fogger or humidifier for a small square foot area. The mature sclerotia and associated mycelia, rich in stored nutrients but deprived of exogenous nutrients, are now ready for exposure to high amounts of water, which contribute to induction to the sexual cycle. Preferably the substratum and morel mycelium are hydrated by a slow percolation of water through the substratum for a period of between about 12 and about 36 hours. Water is added to the substratum at a rate of between about ¼ liter and about 1 liter per hour per square meter or 1.5 - 2.5 fl oz per square foot per hour of substratum surface area. The substratum and the percolating water are maintained at a temperature of between about 50°F and about 71.6°F
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
Edited by AcidHorse (07/24/06 09:07 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5895839 - 07/24/06 09:15 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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Ronald Ower / Gary Mills
One method of culturing sclerotia for use as inoculum spawn is to fill a container with wheat or other vegetative material to between about 40 to about 80 percent of its volume. The wheat is then covered with a perforated liner, typically plastic film or metal foil, although other materials can be used, and the remaining 20 to 60 percent of the container volume is then nearly filled with moist soil. The volume of the container may range from about 50 ml to multiple liters, but is typically about 500 ml. The wheat berries or other vegetative material may be supplemented with additional nutrients consisting of both organic and inorganic nitrogen sources, other minerals, vitamins and carbohydrates which help to promote storage of the nutrients that are required during subsequent ascocarp development. "The container is covered and autoclaved to kill possible contaminating organisms.
" The soil layer of the sterilized container is inoculated with ascospores, with vegetative hyphae or with small pieces of sclerotia, and the jar is again sealed. The container is maintained at a temperature of between about 50°F and about 86°F and preferably between about 64.4°F and about 71.6°F . Hyphae from the inoculum grow through the soil layer and colonize the grain. After about one week, a loosely compacted mass of hyphae appear in the soil layer. Microscopically viewed, the hyphal cells become highly branched, septate and swell to a barrel shape. This is then followed by the adhesion of adjacent cells to form a solid mass that is visible to the naked eye. It is the sclerotial hyphal cells which store the materials obtained from the colonized grain. The sclerotia at maturity are hard structures which can become quite large. Virtually all of the total soil layer can become enmeshed in the sclerotia. "At this point, the sclerotia are harvested for use as spawn. Some of the developed sclerotia may be reserved as ""jar inoculum"" for producing additional sclerotia, or for other uses. Storage at about 41°F is found to be satisfactory for long-term preservation. " Preferred support substratum is nutrient poor, permitting the availability of nutrients to be controlled through application and subsequent removal of an external nutrient source to the substratum. Suitable substratum includes any standard bark, soil or sawdust compost or potter's soil with or without added minerals known to those skilled in the art. For example, Supersoil .RTM. (R.McL. Co., San Francisco) has been used successfully either directly from the commercially sold bag or leached two times with two equal (v/v) volumes of water. The substratum should allow adequate drainage, should provide buffering capacity, should have good water-retaining capabilities, and should provide adequate aeration to allow proper gaseous exchange. The substratum that is now being used is about 25% sand and about 75% organic material. A small portion of lime is also added. The organic portion of the soil is primarily ground fir bark (85%) and also contains 10% sphagnum and 5% redwood bark. The soil mixture has an available water content of 55% and an air capacity of 25%. It is expected, however, that a more optimal substratum may be developed.
The substratum is steam-pasteurized or hot water-pasteurized or autoclaved. Pasteurized substratum is then typically mixed with water to produce a workable slurry. The slurry is poured into a tray that has holes in its bottom for drainage. After the slurry is added to the desired depth in the tray, it is allowed to drain until the soil is void of gravitational water; i.e., is below field capacity, allowing for maximum air spaces. This is advantageous in at least two ways. First, it allows for increased sclerotia production, and more specifically, sclerotia are formed throughout the substratum. Secondly, removal of standing water helps to minimize later microbial contamination problems. Also, as an alternate approach for tray preparation, trays may first be filled with the substratum as above, then pasteurized.
"As a convenient means for providing a removable source of nutrients, a nutrient-rich medium is placed onto the substratum, into which source hyphae can grow and from which source the hyphae can distribute nutrients throughout the mycelial colony. As one means of providing such a source, jars are prepared similar to those used to culture the sclerotia. Typically jars are nearly filled with organic material; a perforated heat resistant liner (usually metal foil) is placed over the organic material; and the liner is covered with soil to the top of the jar. The jar is again covered with another layer of perforated foil, further sealed with a sheet of metal foil and then sterilized. "
In the first variation, sclerotia are divided into pieces between about 0.5 and about 4 cubic centimeter in size and inoculated into a thin layer of substratum which is typically between about 1 to about 4 cm deep. Good results occur when there are about 6 to about 30 cc. of divided sclerotia per square meter of substratum surface. Mycelial growth from the inoculum is enhanced by soaking sclerotial pieces in water just prior to inoculating them into the substrate. "After the poured substratum is inoculated with sclerotial pieces, the temperature around the tray is maintained between about 50°F and about 71.6°F, the relative humidity is maintained between about 75% and about 95%, and the water content of the substratum is maintained between about 50% and about 75%. Soon after inoculation, hyphae grow from the sclerotia and completely colonize the tray in about one week. As the mycelia develop, no further water is added, thereby allowing the substratum to dry, preferably to a substratum moisture content of below about 75%. Drying of the substratum before feeding is considered to be an important factor in inhibiting growth of bacteria and other fungi which would harm or compete with the developing morels.
Better results are obtained if the sclerotia are maintained in the substratum and their mycelia allowed to colonize the substratum for about 7 days under conditions similar to conditions during that period in the first variation when the sclerotia are maintained in the nutrient-poor substratum but before water is percolated through the substratum. Next, in a similar manner to the first variation, water is percolated through the substratum, promoting initiation of primordia from the mycelia. " In this first variation of the method, the top layer of foil is removed from the cooled sterilized jars, and the jars are inverted onto the surface of the substratum. Hyphae grow upward through the holes in the second layer of foil, gather nutrients and distribute the nutrients to the mycelial colonies. It is desirable that as much sclerotia be produced within the substratum as is possible during this stage because there appears to be a direct relationship between the amount of sclerotia in the substratum and the total weight of ascocarps that develop per unit area of the substratum. Growth of sclerotia in substratum parallels growth of sclerotia in jars, and the same nutrient factors which enhance growth in the jars enhance growth in the substratum. Accordingly, the organic material may be supplemented with vitamins, minerals, additional protein and other substances. "During feeding, the soil moisture is maintained at a level of between about 45% and about 70%, the relative humidity is maintained at between about 85% and about 95% and the temperature is maintained between about 50°F and about 71.6°F Feeding continues for a period of between about 7 and about 40 days, typically about 16 days. At the end of the feeding period, both conidia and sclerotia may be observed in substantial numbers on the surface of the substratum.
" "Having provided the mycelium and newly formed attendant sclerotia with substantially all of the nutrients needed for subsequent ascocarp formation, the nutrient source is removed. Removal of the nutrients is a necessary step for cultivation because the sexual cycle will not commence to any appreciable extent in the presence of excess nutrients that are external to the mycelium. The use of an inverted jar or the like containing nutrient material permits the immediate removal of most of the available nutrients, leaving the mycelia in a nutrient-poor substratum. " Following after removal of the nutrient source, a small amount of additional moisture is added to the substratum, e.g., about 1 liter per square meter of substratum surface, and vegetative growth is allowed to continue for a period of about ten days. During this period, the substratum moisture content is maintained at between about 45% and about 70%, the relative humidity is maintained at between about 85% and about 95% percent, and the temperature is maintained at between about 50°F and about 71.6°F After this period the sclerotia are mature. PROPRIETARY SECRET PROPRIETARY SECRET " "
"The mature sclerotia and associated mycelia, rich in stored nutrients but deprived of exogenous nutrients, are now ready for exposure to high amounts of water, which contribute to induction to the sexual cycle. Preferably the substratum and morel mycelium are hydrated by a slow percolation of water through the substratum for a period of between about 12 and about 36 hours. Water is added to the substratum at a rate of between about ¼ liter and about 1 liter per hour per square meter or 1.5 - 2.5 fl oz per square foot per hour of substratum surface area. The substratum and the percolating water are maintained at a temperature of between about 50°F and about 71.6°F " Following hydration in either the first or second variation, the substratum is allowed to drain, and the cultures may be aspirated to further remove water. The relative humidity is maintained at between about 85% and about 95%, and the temperature is maintained at between about 50°F and about 71.6°F The substratum moisture content is maintained at between about 55% and about 65% during this period.
At the end of this period, i.e., approximately 1-3 days after hydration, morel primordia start to form. Primordia are spherical hyphal aggregates which are about one millimeter in diameter. Within a few days, the primordia form protuberances which represent the first sign of ascocarp fundament formation. A growth period extending from the initial appearance of primordia until the morel ascocarp reaches a height of about thirty millimeters represents an important period for ascocarp development. During this period, the temperature is maintained at between about 50°F and about 71.6°F and preferably about 64.4°F, the relative humidity at between about 85 and about 95 percent and the substratum moisture content at between about 50 and about 60 percent. Unless very favorable growth conditions are maintained, immature ascocarps are prone to abort. It has been found that maximum yields of ascocarps are obtained when the air flow near the substratum is maintained at a substantially steady rate of between about 8 and about 16 inches per minute. After the morel ascocarp reaches the height of 1.25 inches, conditions are maintained that are favorable to continued development and maturation. The temperature during this part of the maturation may range from about 50°F to about 80.6°F, the relative humidity may range from about 80% to about 95% percent, and the soil moisture may range from about 30% to about 55%. As the ascocarps continue to develop, they may turn a dark grey, and upon reaching maturity the ascocarp color changes from grey to a golden-brown, at which point the morels are mature. In the second variation, the mature sclerotia which are produced in the jars are inoculated into a wetted, nutrient-poor substratum at a much higher rate, e.g., typically between about 1500 and 4000 cc per m.sup.2 of substratum surface. These sclerotia contain the stored nutrients that are necessary for hyphal proliferation and subsequent fruit body development. The sclerotia may be inoculated into the substratum whole or divided; they may also be inoculated directly from the jars or wetted with water first, e.g., typically an 18 to 24 hour immersion. Inoculation into the nutrient-poor substrate represents deprivation of exogenous nutrients to the sclerotia, one of the factors found to contribute to induction to the sexual cycle of growth. The other factor found to contribute importantly to induction, i.e., exposure to high amounts of water, may commence at the same time with inoculation into the substrate or a relatively short period of time thereafter. The substratum may be thoroughly wetted at about the time of inoculation to provide the high amount of water which promotes induction. "There are several advantages to the second variation of the method relative to the first variation. One of the more notable advantages to the second variation is the permissible depth of the substratum. For this method the substratum can be considerably deeper, typically between about 2.25 and about 6.25 inches. Cultures with a thicker substratum can contain more sclerotia and thus eventually support more ascocarps per unit area of substratum surface than can a thinner substratum layer.
However, the first variation may be preferred because it is more closely analogous to processes used to cultivate other types of fungi, and therefore, may be more adaptable to cultivation in existing facilities or with available apparatus."
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
Edited by AcidHorse (07/24/06 09:21 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5913187 - 07/29/06 08:55 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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"Notes On The Development Of The Morel Ascocarp: Morchella Esculenta" Morel cultural studies (Morchella spp.) by the writer have resulted in the repetition of the life cycle of Morchella Esculenta Fr. sensu Groves & Hoare. The successful cultivation occurred in the mycology laboratories at San Francisco State University and produced a typical ascocarp. Ascocarp development was first detected on 14 December 1980, and ascospores were discharged on 11 January 1981. The mature ascocarp weighed 13.5 g and was 126 mm long. Subsequent cultivations were successful and a total of 16 mature ascocarps was obtained from 8 cultivations. The cultivations were conducted in a walk-in growth chamber maintained at 15-18 C and 85% relative humidity, and light exposure was limited to that required for daily observation. While all materials were autoclaved prior to use at 15 pounds pressure for 1 h, axenic conditions were not maintained after mycelia were established on a substrate of cooked wheat berries, 50% moisture. All inocula were derived from the same specimen by conventional axenic techniques. Both stipe tissue cultures and ascospore cultures were effective. The subject cultivations have provided an unusual opportunity for observing the development of the morel form, thus the discussion below traces the macroscopic development of the morel ascocarp as it occurred in the laboratory. Ascocarp development was preceded by vegetative hyphae, sclerotia and conidia, Costantinella cristata Matruchot, much as related by Costantin (1936). The earliest ascocarp primordium seen appeared as an aggregate, 1 mm diam, of radially arrayed hyphae (Fig. 1) and arose from a single hypha. As development continued, the tuft of mycelium produced a dense interwoven core, and adventitious hyphae extended from the lower surface of the primordial base. Shortly thereafter (next day in this sequence) an apothecial fundament began protruding from the surface of the spherical primordium (Fig. 2). This fundament became more or less digitate and the base enlarged (Fig. 3). Both the fundament and base had a differentiated, interwoven core with hymeniform cuticular cells early in their development. As the developing ascocarp reached a length of approximately 3 mm, the base began to show furrows which became more pronounced as development continued. The fundament continued to lengthen and on the fourth day of development, typically 5 mm overall length, minute, vertical convolutions began to appear from the tip to the mid-point of the fundament, thus delineating pileus and stipe (Fig. 4). From this time through maturity the ratio of cap length to stem length was more or less stable with a value of approximately 1. As the cap continued to develop, the ridges with intervening depressions became more pronounced. Initially, the sterile ridges were the largest and best developed feature of the pileus. Large cystidia-like terminal hyphal cells which cover the rib tips of mature morel ascocarps became apparent at the first appearance of convolutions on the cap. The pileus margin at first was a smooth continuation of the stipe but soon became incurved above a slightly flared stipe (Fig. 5). Increase in ascocarp length accelerated for 8-10 da to 3-7 mm per da, whereafter the rate became more or less constant. At 10-14 da, typically a length of 25-30 mm, the first darkening of the fertile areas began. This darkening continued for several days and produced the characteristic pigmentation of the young ascocarp of Morchella DeliciosaFr. (Fig. 6). As noted by Groves and Hoare (1953) in suggesting synonymy for M. deliciosa and M. esculenta, there was a subsequent color change which produced an overall golden cast to the ascocarp following substantial remission of the earlier dark olive grey pit coloration. The form of mature pilei ranged from obtusely conic, nearly subglobose, to elongate or columnar. The typical pileus outline was an apically tapering ellipse. Height at maturity varied from 58 mm to 155 mm. The writer wishes to thank Dr. Harry Thiers for his generous support. The first mature specimen from these cultivations has been placed in the herbarium of San Francisco State University as Ower #9.


Edited by AcidHorse (05/26/09 03:19 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#5913190 - 07/29/06 08:56 PM (17 years, 6 months ago) |
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No 164, a and b. Costantinella Cristata Matruchot As far as I am aware this is the first American record of this species. The Cambridge gathering (164 a) has been determined by myself and appears to correspond in all respects to the figures and description given by Matruchot of the type material, which he also found growing on dead leaves on the ground. Although he regards them as distinct, it seems not improbable that this species is not different from Bonorden's Verticillium pyramidale, with which it corresponds very closely in appearance, even to the peculiar sterile terminations of the main sporophores. The peculiar character on which the genus is based, namely, the crest-like origin of the spores on a curved "basidium," may well have escaped the notice of Bonorden, whose figures are manifestly diagrammatic. It seems to me somewhat doubtful whether No. 164 b, which was regarded by Dr. Farlow as the same, should rightly be referred to this species. It occurs very commonly on rotten logs and on the inner side of moist loose bark. It forms a much thinner growth, without the cottony character of the type, and is a smaller plant. Although it has the same crest-like type of sporulation, it seems to lack the conspicuous and well-differentiated sterile terminations of the main sporophores above alluded to. Though a Costantinella, I should therefore feel some hesitation in regarding the two as belonging to a single species.
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
Edited by AcidHorse (07/29/06 09:02 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#6001527 - 08/27/06 12:47 PM (17 years, 5 months ago) |
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"Both in nature and in culture, morel mycelia may produce specialized hyphae that give rise to conidia (Fig. 11a). Unlike the ascospores formed inside the asci following meiosis, the conidia are formed on the outside of special structures, and their formation is not immediately preceded by meiosis. The conidial anamorph of Morchella Esculenta looks like a light pinkish grayish brown fuzzy mold to the naked eye and has a distinctive pattern of branching visible with a microscope (Fig. 11a). It has been given the name Costantinella cristata. This species was initially described by Matruchot (1892) but Molliard (1904a & b) seems to have been the first person to demostrate the connection between this mold and the more familiar morels. Molliard was trying to cultivate morels and grew Costantinella in the process. Several workers have found that the conidia either do not germinate readily or do so slowly and infrequently (Molliard, 1904a; Ower 1980). Ower (1982) reported that both sclerotial and conidial anamorphs developed in his cultures before fruiting bodies were formed". - page 106.
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#6001536 - 08/27/06 12:50 PM (17 years, 5 months ago) |
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Tom Volk's reply about Novak's blurb
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hi Shawn. I have no comments about Gary Novak, but yes there is a *lot* of misinformation on his pages.
However Costantinella is real and it does exist. Many fungi have sexual and asexual stages and Costantinella is apparently connected with Morchella. However, I have only seen it once and that was not with a midwestern morel—probably a western one.
Many fungi morph from a Mycelium to a yeast (usually based on temperature), but Morchella is not one of them.
I can’t tell what you have growing from the picture you sent. It’s too small to tell what’s going on. You would have to see it microscopically to be able to distinguish it from other molds. Morchella does form fluffy outgrowths on just about any kind of media, and is *very* easy to grow as a saprophyte in the complete absence of bacteria. These fluffy outgrowths may or may not contain the Costantinella stage. In grad school I looked for it quite a lot and never found it, but I have not looked much in the past 10 years.
There really are no secrets in mushroom cultivation, but every grower thinks there are. Most of it lies in the genetics of the strains and the growers’ understanding of the physiological and environmental needs of the fungus—learning to think like a fungus.
What are you writing your thesis about? Where at? What is your interest in the Costantinella stage?
Good Luck. ---tom
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
Edited by AcidHorse (08/27/06 12:51 PM)
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AcidHorse
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: AcidHorse]
#6001558 - 08/27/06 12:55 PM (17 years, 5 months ago) |
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Hi, Shawn,
here is a translation of the passage (I've assumed that most of the measurements were micrometers, with the symbol not being recorded in your passage):
---------------------------------- Costantinella (Etymology: after the renowned French mycologist J. Costantin).
Sterile hyphae creeping, irregularly branched, septate, dirty-brown, semi-pellucid; fertile hyphae erect, simple/unbranched, with the apex sterile, with the lower part provided with branches branched a second time; branchlets of fertile hyphae provided with whorls. Conidia arising from the apex of whorls, hyaline, globose, solitary in short sterigmata.
1. Costantinella cristata Matr. loc. cit. With sterile hyphae creeping, dirty-brown [fuliginose], 5-10 µm thick; fertile [hyphae] erect, septate, coarse, up to 0.5 mm long, brownish, at first simple, soon branched in the lower part; lowest branches up to 12 µm thick, upper branches nevertheless gradually thinner, yellow-fuliginose, (from) above hyaline and there provided with whorls; with basidia 1-celled, 10-20 µm, somewhat curved, provided with dentiform sterigmata at the apex; conidia arising from the apex of sterigmata, globose, hyaline, 4 µm in diameter.
It occurs on dead leaves of Populus [Poplar] and Crataegus [Hawthorn] in France. ----------------------------------
I've appended the literal output from my Botanical Latin program (I am working on a new Windows version at the moment)... (sorry the tabs haven't lined up very well)
Hope this helps...
Peter
================================== Costantinella
(Etym. etymology a by|from|at|in|away from|out of [prep.abl.] cl. =clarissimus: most renowned|celebrated [adv./conj.] mycologo to/for the mycologist {d.s.m.} by/with/in the mycologist {ab.s.m.} gallico gallic j. costantin) J. Constantin
hyphae of the hypha {g.s.f.} to/for the hypha {d.s.f.} hyphae {n.p.f.} steriles sterile|barren {nac.p.mf} [Adj.] repentes, creeping {nac.p.mf} [Adj.] irregulariter irregularly [adv./conj.] ramosae, branched {n.p.f} {g.s.f} {d.s.f} [Adj.] septatae, partitioned|septate {n.p.f} {g.s.f} {d.s.f} [Adj.] fuligineae, dirty-brown|sooty {n.p.f} {g.s.f} {d.s.f} [Adj.] semipellucidae; semi-pellucid {n.p.f} {g.s.f} {d.s.f} fertiles fertile {nac.p.mf} [Adj.] erectae, erect {n.p.f} {g.s.f} {d.s.f} [Adj.] simplices, simple|unbranched|undivided {nac.p.mf} [Adj.] apice by/with/in the apex {ab.s.m.} steriles, sterile|barren {nac.p.mf} [Adj.] parte by/with/in the part {ab.s.f.} infera lower {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Adj.] not/un-wild {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Pref.+Adj.] ramis to/for branches {d.p.m.} by/with/in branches {ab.p.m.} iterum again|a second time|once more [adv./conj.] ramosis branched {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] praeditae; provided with|possessed of {n.p.f} {g.s.f} {d.s.f} [Adj.] ramuli of the branchlet {g.s.m.} branchlets {n.p.m.} hypharum of hyphae {g.p.f.} fertilium fertile {g.p.mfn} [Adj.] verticillis to/for whorls {d.p.m.} by/with/in whorls {ab.p.m.} muniti. provided-with {n.p.m} {g.s.mn} [Adj.] conidia conidia {n.p.n.} {ac.p.n.} in on|in|into|at|of [prep.abl./acc.] apice apex {ab.s.m.} verticilli of the whorl {g.s.m.} whorls {n.p.m.} oriunda, arising|originating {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Adj.] hyalina, hyaline {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Adj.] globosa, globose {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Adj.] solitaria solitary {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Adj.] in on|in|into|at|of [prep.abl./acc.] sterigmatibus sterigmata {d.p.n.} {ab.p.n.} brevibus. short {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] 1. 1. Costantinella cristata cristate {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Adj.] Matr. l.c. loc. cit. [place cited] – hyphis to/for hyphae {d.p.f.} by/with/in hyphae {ab.p.f.} sterilibus sterile|barren {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] repentibus, creeping {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] fuligineis, dirty-brown|sooty {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] 5- 5- 10 10 µm. crassis; thick {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] fertilibus fertile {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] erectis, erect {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] not/un-straight|right|correct {dab.p.mfn} [Pref.+Adj.] septatis, partitioned|septate {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] rigidis, rigid {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] usque up to|all the way to|so far [adv./conj.] 0.5 0.5 mm mm longis long {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] brunneolis, brownish {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] primo at first|in the beginning [adv./conj.] first {ab.s.mn} [Adj.] simplicibus, simple|unbranched|undivided {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] mox soon|presently [adv./conj.] parte by/with/in the part {ab.s.f.} infera lower {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Adj.] not/un-wild {nab.s.f} {nac.p.n} [Pref.+Adj.] ramosis; branched {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] ramis to/for branches {d.p.m.} by/with/in branches {ab.p.m.} infimis lowest {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] usque up to|all the way to|so far [adv./conj.] 12 12 µm. crassis, thick {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] superioribus higher|upper {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] [more ]superior|upper-er [than] [Compar. Adj.] {dab.p.mfn} autem but|nevertheless [adv./conj.] sensim gradually|gently [adv./conj.] tenuioribus, [more ]thinner [than] [Compar. Adj.] {dab.p.mfn} flavo- yellow {compound form} [Adj.] fuligineis, dirty-brown|sooty {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] superne above|from above [adv./conj.] hyalinis hyaline {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] ibique AND there|then|thereupon [adv./conj.] verticillis ( to/for whorls {d.p.m.} by/with/in whorls {ab.p.m.} basidiis) to/for basidia {d.p.n.} by/with/in basidia {ab.p.n.} munitis; provided-with {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] basidiis to/for basidia {d.p.n.} by/with/in basidia {ab.p.n.} 1- 1- cellularibus, celled {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] 10- 10- 20 20 4 [µm?], 4 (?), curvulis, somewhat/slightly curved {dab.p.mfn} [possible Dim.Adj.] apice by/with/in the apex {ab.s.m.} sterigmatibus to/for sterigmata {d.p.n.} by/with/in sterigmata {ab.p.n.} dentiformibus dentiform {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] praeditis; provided with|possessed of {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] very/first-rich|wealthy|abounding {n.s.f} {g.s.mfn} [Pref.+Adj.] conidiis to/for conidia {d.p.n.} by/with/in conidia {ab.p.n.} in on|in|into|at|of [prep.abl./acc.] apice apex {ab.s.m.} sterigmatum of sterigmata {g.p.n.} ortis, descended from|arisen from(+abl) {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] arisen| [being/having been] arisen [orio PPP] {d.p.mfn} {ab.p.mfn} to/for origins/beginnings {d.p.m.} by/with/in origins/beginnings {ab.p.m.} globosis, globose {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] hyalinis, hyaline {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] ca. about(abbrev.)|around(abbrev.) [prep.acc.] 4 4 µm. diam. in diameter (abbrev.) [adv./conj.] hab. [habitat] It lives/occurs in on|in|into|at|of [prep.abl./acc.] foliis leaves {d.p.n.} {ab.p.n.} -leaved|leafy {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] emortuis dead {dab.p.mfn} [Adj.] not/un-dead {dab.p.mfn} [Pref.+Adj.] died| [being/having been] died [emorio PPP] {d.p.mfn} {ab.p.mfn} Populi Populus et and|too [adv./conj.] Crataegi Crataegus in on|in|into|at|of [prep.abl./acc.] Gallia* France. ========================================= - Show quoted text -
At 12:55 PM 22/08/2006, you wrote: > COSTANTINELLA Matr. Rech. sur le développement de quelques Mucédinées 1892, p. 92 > tab. VIII (Etym. a cl. mycologo gallico J. Costantin). – Hyphæ steriles repentes, irregulariter > ramosæ, septatæ, fuligineæ, semipellucidæ; fertiles erectæ, simplices, apice steriles, parte > infera ramis iterum ramosis præditæ; ramuli hypharum fertilium verticillis muniti. Conidia in > apice verticilli oriunda, hyalina, globosa, solitaria in sterigmatibus brevibus. > 1. Costantinella cristata Matr. 1. c. – Hyphis sterilibus repentibus, fuligineis, 5-10 . > crassis; fertilibus erectis, septatis, rigidis, usque ½ mm longis brunneolis, primo > simplicibus, mox parte infera ramosis; ramis infimis usque 12 . crassis, superioribus > autem sensim tenuioribus, flavo-fuligineis, superne hyalinis ibique verticillis (basidiis) > munitis; basidiis 1-cellularibus, 10-20 4, curvulis, apice sterigmatibus dentiformibus > præditis; conidiis in apice sterigmatum ortis, globosis, hyalinis, ca. 4 . diam. > Hab. in foliis emortuis P o p u l i et C r a t æ g i in Gallia. > I've been having trouble finding translations for some words in this latin text, and you seem to know about WORDS and your latin program, > yet even with both I haven't been able to find translations for words like sterigmatibus, hypharum, brunneolis, and such.
------------------------------------------------------- Peter Bostock, Principal Botanist, Queensland Herbarium, Brisbane, Australia
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
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Semilanceata
No god, no boss

Registered: 05/26/03
Posts: 841
Loc: República Federal Íbera
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: RogerRabbit]
#6008088 - 08/29/06 12:21 PM (17 years, 5 months ago) |
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RR: What do you do with the substrate once the sclerotia is being picked off?
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Kerbouchard
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Registered: 03/18/06
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: Semilanceata]
#6013967 - 08/30/06 10:47 PM (17 years, 5 months ago) |
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WOw I have found morels in the wild, and I enjoyed this thread, because previously I didn't think they could be cultivated except by soaking picked wilds ones in water for a bit, then dumping the spores into prime areas and hope they latch onto some good root systems so they can mycorrhizally take over the entire area. Morels are great.
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AcidHorse
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Registered: 05/12/06
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: Semilanceata]
#6023750 - 09/03/06 12:17 AM (17 years, 4 months ago) |
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Quote:
Semilanceata said: RR: What do you do with the substrate once the sclerotia is being picked off?
If you have prepared the mason jars correctly, you discard the grain layer and keep only the soil layer.
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AcidHorse
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Registered: 05/12/06
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Last seen: 6 months, 4 days
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Re: anyone have any info on growing morels? [Re: Kerbouchard]
#6023751 - 09/03/06 12:18 AM (17 years, 4 months ago) |
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Quote:
Flowda said: WOw I have found morels in the wild, and I enjoyed this thread, because previously I didn't think they could be cultivated except by soaking picked wilds ones in water for a bit, then dumping the spores into prime areas and hope they latch onto some good root systems so they can mycorrhizally take over the entire area. Morels are great.
Morels are not usually mycorrhizal, but they are opportunistic. Actually they will send hyphae out to areas where there is already damage to a root system in order to aquire nitrogen/nutrients that have built up around the damage location.
Mycorrhiza
There has been an allusion to Morchella being mycorrhizal. The question is its relationship to plant roots.
The term mycorrhizal is becoming almost meaningless in the broadness of its use. All soil microbes more or less have a relationship to plant roots. The rhizosphere is where everything happens in the soil. Soil bacteria, including Pseudomonas fluorescens, cluster around plant roots, because nutrients accumulate over time in that area. Roots promote that result, since they benefit from the accumulation of nitrogen.
It has been found that Morchella Mycelium aggregates around plant roots and breaks down the outer layers of tissue (Buscot). This result is not the same as that of true mycorrhizal fungi. The observed result with Morchella was clumping around large roots rather than an association with fine roots.
If one therefore chooses to refer to Morchella as mycorrhizal, which is arbitrary, doing so tells nothing about the biology involved. It certainly does not lead to additional conclusions in regard to nutrition or plant specificity. Certainly plant roots are not required for the growth or nutrition of Morchella, since it grows readily in various composts. The study showing Morchella Mycelium aggregating around roots also indicated that the Mycelium initially grows in the soil without such aggregations.
It is possible that Morchella derives some nutrients directly from plant roots. But if it does, some form of root damage would apparently have to occur before root nutrients would be significantly available to the Mycelium. Evidence for the role of root damage is in the tendency for morels to be found in large numbers where there have been forest fires or trees dying from such factors as dutch elm disease. However, these nutrients are probably indirect, as bacteria probably precede Morchella in utilizing them.
Buscot, F. 1989. Can. J. Bot. 67:589-593./ 1992. J. Plant Physiol. 141:12-17.
-------------------- If you wanna ride, don't ride the white horse, if you wanna ride, ride the white pony
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