H/POO PROBLEMS & WHY - Mushroom Cultivation

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agar
old hand

Registered: 11/21/04
Posts: 9,056
Loc: Somewhere Else

H/POO PROBLEMS & WHY

#4292276 - 06/13/05 04:42 PM (18 years, 10 months ago)

At least to me, it appears some of the problems or failures associated with the use of horse manure as substrate is associated with any particular individuals ability to judge if the horse manure available to him/her is naturally suitable in it?s present state, or requires addition treatment, or composting before being put to use.

No horse manure is identical in composition to any other. There are considerable variables in nitrogen content, carbon/nitrogen ratio?s, microbial content & activity, moisture content, etc., etc.

One person may have success with horse manure he describes as "well weathered intact nuggets & muffins that smell earthy". While another person may have total failure with horse manure he would describe as the same.

The problem is?. NO HORSE MANURE IS IDENTICAL, and the difference is most often the cause of ones failure, and the others success.

It takes considerable experienced to be able to judge (by sight, feel, texture, dryness, smell) if horse manure that has been exposed to NATURAL BIOLOGICAL DECOMPOSITION is suitable as mushroom substrate, or not.

NATURAL BIOLOGICAL DECOMPOSITION is a process that occurs naturally. ?Composting? is a method whereby components of various amenable organic materials are biologically decomposed under controlled conditions. The key phrase above is "under controlled conditions." This distinguishes composting from the "biological decomposition" processes which occur naturally.

If horse manure has not undergone natural decomposition to a very specific degree, or is only partially naturally decomposed, it will require treatment, or composting to become suitable as substrate.

Otherwise, when hydrated - spawned & incubated metabolic microbial activity (composting / heat generation / fermentation) generally commences to the degree introduced spawn dies, resulting in total failure.

Consequently, if you are unsure, or doubt the horse manure you have gathered from a field, or pile somewhere is ready to use as substrate, or not. It is best to treat it by spreading it out thinly over some porous material (landscape cloth) for drainage, garden hose drenching it (leaching), allowing it to air/sun until completely dry, then repeat that cycle several times, to insure it is.

Beware of your own proclivity to rush into using your new found horse manure as a bulk substrate, simply because you want big quick bumper crops like those often pictured in post?s by those who have great success with horse manure substrate.

Realize beforehand, individuals who have repeated success with horse manure substrate either lucked into a supply that has undergone the required degree of natural degradation, or recognize it needs additional treatment, then patiently, and methodically do so - before use. That is why they succeed.

HINT?..If you have gathered weathered horse manure that fits the description of being well weathered, leached & dried, that has no urine, ammonia or foul fecal odor and think its suitable as/is.

Give it a simple test.

Fill quart jar half full of it, then add water enough to cover the content & screw a lid on loosely. Then place that jar somewhere with temperatures about the same as you would incubate a bulk substrate in. Leave it for 12/24 hours, then smell it.

If it smells earthy, somewhat like garden soil. It is good to go.

If it has any detectable urine, ammonia, foul fecal odor, stink and/or is beginning to bubble/ferment from microbial activity, your supply requires additional treatment, because it's still to fresh. Even if it looks aged.

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