No thread can be ruined. When you start it anything can become of it. The late Joseph Campbell was a world recognized authority on comparative mythology. He studied world mythologies and found similarities that were common to all cultures of the world, from the Pygmies in Africa and the Yanomamo indians of the Rainforest to the world of the ancient Greeks and the Norse. He found that certain archetypes always fulfilled the same role in the cultures that spawned them. He had no illusions that these myths were true, but saw that these archetypes presented thier cultures with guides for conducting their lives. The two most important archetypes were the trickster and the hero. The trickster introduces chaos in order to bring about much needed change. In many cultures the trickster is painted a villain because people usually oppose change. Examples of this are Satan, Loki, and Iktomi the Spider(from Lakota legend). He seems the villain, but he keeps the people on their toes and stops complacency at the root. He is necessary to the survival of the culture. Without change stagnation sets in. Often the trickster is a teacher as well. Guys like Merlin and Quetzlcoatyl and in more modern "myths" Obiwan Kenobi and Don Juan are examples of this. Usually the trickster has interaction with another archetype called the hero. The hero is a normal guy who undergoes a drastic change resulting in his real or symbolic death and rebirth. Jesus, Odin, and the welsh god Lugh experienced physical death and were resurected. Often the death is symbolic in that the person's whole life is knocked topsy turvy until it is no longer recognizable to the person. Luke Skywalker and Beowulf are examples of this. The conflict that results is usually what the hero has to resolve. Once he gets reborn or gains his footing again (a symbolic ressurection) he is stronger than before...almost a superhero. Then he kicks ass, takes names, and saves the world. Often it is the trickster that sends his life askew and motivates him to become the rescuer/messiah. Classic hero/trickster relationships are seen in Eve and the Serpent(Old Scratch), Arthur and Merlin, Loki and Thor (or Loki and Odin), Gandalf and Bilbo (or Frodo), and , my personal favorite, Don Juan and Carlos Castaneda. If you look at ANY literature you can make out these archetypes hard at work. I once authored a paper about the hero/trickster interaction in Joyce Carol Oates' "Where have You Been, Where are You Going" The relavancy of these archetype comes together when we examine them as models for living. The hero is the average Joe. At certain points Joe must adapt to change and overcome against odds. Legendary heros do this once in literature, but normal people are forced to this at many points throughout their lives. I once had a severe drinking problem. No matter what I did I could not stop. Then my life fell apart and I underwent a drastic change. My moral sense of right rose up inside me and filled me with strength. I then put it all back together again, but I was strong where I once was weak. I was the hero, if only to myself. If we rise to the challenge of the hero, change only makes us stronger and we are reborn continually. Look at those around you...how many heroes do you know? You see the heroes who failed as well. They beg for money in the street to buy booze, or they haunt the shelters of the homeless. The cool thing about the hero is that he is inside even those who seemingly failed...waiting, for another chance, and many will be heroes once more. The trickster is the guy that upsets the established order. He often does this with lies or half-truths because he beleives that the end justifies the means. He causes the change that needs to occur. You see these guys everywhere too...maybe you have been one. In modern times there have been many well known ones such as Timothy Leary and Ralph Nader. I don't really care for Michael Moore, but in promoting "Farahnheight 9/11" he has become a classic trickster. He has been publicly booed like at the Academy Awards. He is both hated and revered. His movie has caused many to rexamine our nation's role in Iraq. He even uses blatant propoganda to get our attention. He is a true Heyoka. I mention him because at this time he is the most cut and dried example of the trickster in the public eye. Maybe you know of more? There are many other archetypes, but these two are by far the most important ones. So, that is why examining these archetypes in a work of literature is just a curiosity. Examining the archetypes themselves reflects on us and the meaning of our lives.
Edited by Huehuecoyotl (09/11/04 08:51 PM)
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