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Offlinetregar
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New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs & receptorome binding data for LSH compared to LSD (post #4) * 2
    #27039370 - 11/14/20 07:13 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble in water.

It just so happens that the ancient Aztec and Mayan also added the fresh or dried pulverized morning glory seeds to a drink containing alcohol, they learned this would extract all the stimulating actives from the seeds:

Page 515 "Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants" Christian Ratsch: "The fresh or dried morning glory seeds normally were added by the Aztec and Mayan to alcoholic drinks (sugarcane liquor; c. alcohol), tepache (maize beer, chicha), and balche' (Schultes 1941, 37)."

New research from the 1975 and 2016 morning glory studies is shown in links and pics. 5 LSD-like drugs have been identified & tested on animals from the morning glory seeds (4 soluble only in alcohol & 1 which survives only in acidic medium like wine) that are just as stimulating as LSD, with one being more stimulating than LSD.

(1) Extraction & Identification of Clavine and Lysergic acid alkaloids from morning glories, Weldon L. Witters: 1975:
https://kb.osu.edu/bitstream/handle/1811/22310/V075N4_198.pdf;jsessionid=DF8F4FB54A2D36461CBC73314990F589?sequence=1
hxxps://kb.osu.edu/bitstream/handle/1811/22310/V075N4_198.pdf;jsessionid=DF8F4FB54A2D36461CBC73314990F589?sequence=1

(2) Identification and determination of ergot alkaloids in Morning Glory cultivars, Nowak, Wozniakiewicz, Klepacki, Sowa & Koscielniak, 2016:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4830885/
hxxps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4830885/

The merck index shows that (1) elymoclavine, (2) agroclavine, (3) chanoclavine & (4) penniclavine are only soluble in alcohol (sparingly soluble in water). (5) Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide (LSH) in the seeds was shown in the 2016 Polish morning glory study to only survive outside the seeds in an acidic environment (example: such as cold sherry wine which is already at ph=4). LSH decomposes in neutral water (plain water), when heated, or in alkaline environments.

Cold sherry cooking wine is recommended as the extraction solution since it is already at ph=4 and is 18% alcohol, and is also very cheap ($5 per bottle). It can be found in the wine isle of any grocery store, and is often on sale. A $9 wine preserver canister can be bought at Amazon which contains a gas mixture of argon, carbon dioxide & other inert gases which can be sprayed into an open bottle of sherry wine before sealing cork to preserve the wine indefinitely, otherwise the acetaldehyde in the wine converts to acetic acid over time, giving the wine a vinegar taste. The wine preserver contains enough gas to last for years of sealing many bottles.

It's a good idea to extract by hammering the (example: 400 to 500) "direct from grower" or "home-grown" seeds in-between a paper plate, then grind the resulting matter in a coffee grinder, then add the mush to a few shots (1 shot = 30ml) of cold sherry wine (already at ph=4) and let it sit in the fridge for 3 hours with occasional swirling, then filter solution thru a cotton ball stuffed into a funnel (this gets all the seed debris out but leaves the actives in solution), and consume the cold sherry wine which contains the actives. This is the method I use and has resulted in mind-blowing powerful visual trips, will post trip reports in part 2.

Not only does sherry wine extract the 5 LSD-like stimulating active drugs from the seeds (see below) without decomposition, but it also cuts down immensely on the amount of "snot" extracted from the seeds, which is quite high when a plain acidified cold water extraction (to preserve the LSH) is used, as alcohol will not extract the "stringy snot like material" from the seeds. 
------------------------------------------------
1) elymoclavine = approx 17% of heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed that when animals were injected with elymoclavine, that they were stimulated MORE than when they were given LSD.

2) agroclavine = approx 25% of heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed than when animals were injected with agroclavine, that they were stimulated just as much as when they were give LSD.

3) chanoclavine = approx 7% of heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed that when animals were injected wth chanoclavine, that they were stimulated just as much as when given LSD.

4) penniclavine = approx 25% plus of the heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed that when animals were injected with penniclavine, that they were stimulated just as much as when given LSD.

5) D-Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide (LSH) = approx 25% plus of the heavenly blue mg. Over time this converts to LSA (Lysergic acid amide). So the seeds may contain a makeup of 1/2 LSH to 1/2 LSA a long while later, like retail rack seeds as the LSH decomposes over time.

6) Ergometrine = approx 5% of the heavenly blue mg.

1.71 LSH detected in seeds direct from growers, only 0.54% LSH detected in seeds off retail racks (see 2016 Polish morning glory study). Best to freeze seeds fresh off vine or direct from growers to preserve their natural high LSH potency, as the longer they sit at room temp or in the heat after being picked (many months without freezing) the faster the LSH (very active at 1.5mg) decomposes to the minimally to non-active LSA.

From the 1958 paper:
"All members of the excitor group produced in all test animals a syndrome of central sympathetic excitation and elicited a stimulation of spontaneous activity. In this group, elymoclavine, was the most potent stimulant and next come agroclavine, triseclavine, penniclavine, and LSD which are almost equipotent, as judged by the degree of symptoms exhibited in the same dose. The arousal effect of elymoclavine or agroclavine on reserpine-sedation was superior to that of LSD."

Animal experiments have shown that elymoclavine, lysergol, LSD and several other ergot alkaloids such as agroclavine, triseclavine, penniclavine, lysergine and lysergene have excitory effects on the central nervous system (Note 1: Yui & Takeo, 1958) as well as lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide (LSH) which also excites the central nervous system in animals (Note 2: Glasser, 1961).

The effects of agroclavine are similar to those of elymoclavine and LSD on rabbits (Yui & Takeo, 1958), indicating that the effect of agroclavine may well be psychoactive in humans as well. It also seems likely that agroclavine, triseclavine, penniclavine, lysergine and lysergene and lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide (LSH) will be psychoactive in humans.

Agroclavine & Penniclavine (found in high amounts in the morning glory seeds & in claviceps paspali infected wild grass Paspalum distichum L, with the labile LSH a close second in both of them) binds to 5-ht1a, 5-ht2a, 5-ht6, 5-ht7, adrenal A2A, A2C, A2D, and most of the dopamine receptors. See "Agroclavine & Penniclavine radioligand (receptorome) data, Planta Med. 1996 Oct; 62(5): 387-92."

LSD binding data is shown below (compare to agroclavine/penniclavine above):

LSD: 5ht1a = 3.73, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 2.88, mescaline = 3.61, 5-meo-DMT: = 4.00 (make up >80% of brain 5-ht)
LSD: 5ht1b = 4.00, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 2.19, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.41
LSD: 5ht1d = 3.70, DMT: = 3.91, psilocin = 3.40, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 3.48
LSD: 5ht1e = 2.62, DMT: = 3.28, psilocin = 3.03, mescaline = 3.16, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.72
LSD: 5ht2a = 3.54, DMT: = 2.58, psilocin = 2.14, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.98
LSD: 5ht2b = 3.11, DMT: = 3.91, psilocin = 4.00, mescaline = 3.97, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.69 (sensual & entactogenic)
LSD: 5ht2c = 3.11, DMT: = 3.42, psilocin = 2.52, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.55
LSD: 5ht5a = 3.64, DMT: = 3.16, psilocin = 2.83, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.84
LSD: -5ht6 = 3.75, DMT: = 3.35, psilocin = 2.82, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.73
LSD: -5ht7 = 3.77, DMT: = 4.00, psilocin = 2.82, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 3.69 (novelty, newness)
LSD: ---D1 = 2.34, DMT: = 3.51, psilocin = 3.37, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.38
LSD: -A-2A = 2.93, DMT: = 2.75, psilocin = 1.36, mescaline = 2.92, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.00 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2a)
LSD: -A-2B = 0.00, DMT: = 3.53, psilocin = 1.57, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.86 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2b)
LSD: -A-2C = 0.00, DMT: = 3.53, psilocin = 1.03, mescaline = 4.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.57 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2c)

We don't have radioligand binding data for LSH (lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide in the seeds), we only know it is similar to LAE-32 in TIHKAL, in which human experiments were done, at 1.5mg it was stimulating & "LSD like".

It was Gröger who first discovered LSH in the seeds, published in his 1963 paper "Über das Vorkommen von Ergolinderivaten in Ipomoea-Arten". Later also Hofmann then extracted it from the seeds. It probably was in 1967, as Heim wrote in his work from August 1967 that Hofmann said he recently extracted it from the seeds (personal communication, as they knew each other very well).

LSD----------------------------------------CH2CH3-----CH2CH3.....chemical formula (C20 H25 N3 0)
LAE-32-----------------------------------------H------CH2CH3.....chemical formula (C18 H21 N3 0)
d-lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide-----------H---------CHOHCH3....chemical formula (C18 H21 N3 02)
Penniclavine-----------------------------------------------------chemical formula (C16 H18 N2 O2)

Glasser in 1961 noticed animals also became stimulated when injected with LSH. Dr. Glasser said some of the mice even stood on their hine legs and pressed on the noses of the mice in front of them, very peculiar.

Animal tests all point to LSH being an active psychedelic and it is indeed the closest thing to LSD found in nature, far closer than d-ergine. Owsley claims Hoffman himself told him that LAOH is very LSD-like.

Notes:

(1) The above experiments with mice, rabbits, cats and dogs who were injected with elymoclavine, agroclavine, chanoclavine alkaloids from morning glory can be found in "Neuropharmacological studies on a new series of ergot alkaloids" "Elymoclavine as a potent analeptic on reserpine-sedation" by tohoru Yui and Yuji Takeo, Hyg 911/LSD 494, Jap. J. Pharmacol. 7, 157 (1958). Jap. J. Pharmacol 7, 157-161 (1958).

(2) LSH experiments on animals: A. Glasser, Nature 189, 313 (1961)

(3) No high levels of stimulating LSH, agroclavine, elymoclavine, chanoclavine, penniclavine found in HBWR seeds, only in morning glory seeds. A 2014 forensics paper from Paulke found no LSH in HBWR seeds, but only found LSA & iso-LSA (83-84%) & ergometrine (10-17%) & rest minimal: lysergol, elymoclavine & chanoclavine. We know that MG has centuries of Shamanic use, while HBWR has no history of Shamanic use. HBWR only has history of medicinal use.

Sandgrease: "HBWR has more of a sedative effect compared to MG."

Nogal: "HBWR is more body related while MG seeds have effects more similar to LSD."

(4) Page 515 "Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants" Christian Ratsch: "The fresh or dried morning glory seeds normally are added to alcoholic drinks (sugarcane liquor; c. alcohol), tepache (maize beer, chicha), and balche' (Schultes 1941, 37)."

(5) Aum_Shanti, 2019, "In fresher seeds there's mainly LSH (in relation to LSA). Only in old seeds, the LSA is dominant. This is because the fungi on the plant can only biosynthesize LSH (not LSA), and LSA is then a decomposition product of LSH over time. The fungi on the vines biosynthesize:

From Tryptophan-->chanoclavine-->agroclavine-->elymoclavine-->lysergic acid-->ergometrine-->LSH, which then decomposes over time into LSA."

(6) Psychotomimetics of the Convolvulaceae pg 93: "This particular plant seems to have been more important to the Aztecs in divinity then Peyotl or Teonanacatl, two of their other classical sacred plants."

(7) Jonathan Ott "Pharmacotheon": "Ololiuhqui was far more prominent as an entheogen here in Mesoamerica than those mushrooms; the mushrooms are mentioned only here and there by a few competent chroniclers; yet almost an entire book was devoted to denouncing mainly the ololiuhqui idolatry. The annals of the Inquisition contain many times more autos de fe for ololiuhqui than for mushrooms."

(8) 2016 Polish morning glory study which finds 3x higher amounts of LSH in fresher MG seeds direct from grower/producer vs retail: hxxps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4830885/ LSA is a decomposition product of LSH over time (see attached pics from study).

2016 Polish MG study: "Alkaloids abundance in all 3 HB cultivars is comparable, with most significant difference for LSH (Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide), which varies from 0.54 to 1.71 compound to IS ratio. As has been demonstrated in this study, LSH is a labile compound, and therefore the variances in its concentration may be due to different age and storage conditions of the seeds rather than difference in plant metabolism. Indeed, seeds IT-HB2, which express highest concentration of LSH, were bought directly from the producer, whereas seeds IP-HB1 were purchased in retail stores."

(9) Researchers showed in 1961 that Claviceps paspali produces high amounts of LSH in culture: "Production of a new lysergic acid derivative (LSH or Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide) by a strain of Claviceps paspali, Stevens & Hall". Likely entheogen used to serve hundreds of initiates at Eleusis in ancient Greece: see pic of Eleusian Mysteries & center for Eleusis Telesterion (initiation Hall for initiates...ALL men, women & even slave were invited) in ancient Greece, and pic of people who would attend in ancient Greece.

Chemist Peter Webster wrote that fresh Greek claviceps paspali infected paspalum grass which grows adjacent to Eleusis in the famous Rarian Plane contains the exact same alkaloids as found in the fresh Aztec morning glory. Albert Hofmann wrote that Claviceps paspali due to it's similar makeup to the Mexican morning glory could also have been the likely entheogen used at Eleusis to serve hundreds of people.

(10) Krystle Cole from the book "Lysergic":
Quote:

"Isn't Ergot what Socrates used to take at Eleusis?" I thought it was kind of cool to be taking something that the founders of our democracy used to take, but that our current democracy has made illegal.
   
LSD chemist Todd Skinner replied "Yes". Todd had prepared 6 jugs of ergot wine and stored them for many years.
   
Krystle Cole's "ergot wine" experience (several pages long) in the book "Lysergic", reported that she saw constantly rotating holographic Sanskrit or Arabic & Zodiac symbols, floating in a circle around Todd's head.




(11) sample morning glory wine trip report from Erowid: Morning Glory & Alcohol by Psychopsilocybin:
https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=95057
hxxps://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=95057





















Edited by tregar (11/20/20 07:22 AM)


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InvisibleAmanita86
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27040085 - 11/15/20 08:13 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

LC needs to pop in, I think he tried the sherry extraction method and it was too funky to drink.  Also I wonder what would be an equivalent non alcohol substitute for the sherry?


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Offlinetregar
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: Amanita86]
    #27041035 - 11/15/20 06:11 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

The clavine alkaloids & LSH in morning glory are just as stimulating as LSD according to animal tests, and should have psychoactive effects in humans accordingly the scientists speculated. No human trials have been performed with any of these clavine alkaloids. 2 of these alkaloids (elymoclavine & agroclavine) have been found to be even MORE stimulating than LSD.

1) elymoclavine = approx 17% of heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed that when animals were injected with elymoclavine, that they were stimulated MORE than when they were given LSD.

2) agroclavine = approx 25% of heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed than when animals were injected with agroclavine, that they were stimulated MORE than when they were given LSD.

3) chanoclavine = approx 7% of heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed that when animals were injected wth chanoclavine, that they were stimulated just as much as when given LSD.

4) penniclavine = approx 25% plus of the heavenly blue mg = 1958 paper from Yui Takeo showed that when animals were injected with penniclavine, that they were stimulated just as much as when given LSD.

5) D-Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide (LSH) = approx 25% plus of the heavenly blue mg. Over time LSH decomposes to LSA unless the seeds are kept temp controlled in freezer/fridge. Glasser in 1961 noticed animals became stimulated when injected with LSH. Dr. Glasser said some of the mice even stood on their hine legs and pressed on the noses of the mice in front of them, very peculiar.

LSH decomposes in neutral water solutions, and quickly in alkaline solutions, and also if heated, but it is quite stable in acidic environments (example: cold sherry wine which is already at ph=4).

LSD----------------------------------------CH2CH3-----CH2CH3.....chemical formula (C20 H25 N3 0)
LAE-32-----------------------------------------H------CH2CH3.....chemical formula (C18 H21 N3 0)
d-lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide-----------H---------CHOHCH3....chemical formula (C18 H21 N3 02)

Animal tests all point to LSH being an active psychedelic and it is indeed the closest thing to LSD found in nature, far closer than d-ergine. Owsley claims Hoffman himself told him that LAOH is very LSD-like.

We don't have radioligand binding data for LSH (lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide in the seeds), we only know it is similar to LAE-32 in TIHKAL, in which human experiments were done, at 1.5mg it was stimulating & "LSD like".

1.71 LSH detected in seeds direct from growers, only 0.54% LSH detected in seeds off retail racks (see 2016 Polish morning glory study). Best to freeze seeds fresh off vine or direct from growers to preserve their natural high LSH potency indefinitely (prevent decomposition of the labile or unstable LSH to LSA).

6) Ergometrine = approx 5% of the heavenly blue mg.

Note: Agroclavine & Penniclavine (found in high amounts in the morning glory seeds & in claviceps paspali infected wild grass Paspalum distichum L, with the labile LSH a close second in both of them) binds to 5-ht1a (5-ht1a = 80% of brain 5-hta), 5-ht2a, 5-ht6, 5-ht7, adrenal A2A, A2C, A2D, and most of the dopamine receptors. These are many of the same receptors LSD binds to. See "Agroclavine & Penniclavine radioligand (receptorome) data, Planta Med. 1996 Oct; 62(5): 387-92."
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
additional notes:

(12) From "The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Physiology" page 32 "Agroclavine is readily soluble in organic acids, agroclavine is stable to acids", wine stands as one of the sources of organic acids. Page 33 "Elymoclavine is only somewhat soluble in water". Peter Webster states in "Sacred Mushrooms of the Goddess, the Secrets of Eleusis" in the morning glory chapter that Chanoclavine is soluble in alcohol.

(13) Sherry wine is also high in acetaldehyde (10mg per 30ml or shot glass). This may serve as an advantage...why is this possibly important? See: https://www.ncbi.nlm...icles/PMC49935/ or hxxps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC49935/ Page 8441 "Reaction of Indole with Acetaldehyde: A 0.2% solution of indole in equal amounts of water, ethanol, and acetaldehyde formed a product with 60% yield after 1 hour of reaction at ambient temperature. Omitting the ethanol (50% acetaldehyde in water mixture) had no effect.

Decreasing the concentration of acetaldehyde to 0.1% increased the reaction rate and percent yield of product." See pic of the researchers's indole + acetaldehyde adduct product formed before (page 8439) and after (page 8441).

The researchers achieved a new product with or without the use of ethanol, it made no difference, you only need water acidified to around ph=4 and around a 0.1% acetaldehyde solution, and around a 3 hour soak time for 100% conversion.

Sherry wine fits the bill perfectly with it's high acetaldehyde content, and low ph, which is already at ph=4, just like the study calls for. The researchers stated "the lower the PH, the faster the reaction (indole adduct formation at the NH group)." It contains the perfect amount of acetaldehyde as well, in an alcoholic medium no less.

Theoretically, soaking the seed solution in sherry wine in the fridge for several hours (around 3 hours with occasional swirling once per hour) will also create 1-acetaldehyde LSH from LSH in the seeds, 1-acetaldehyde LSA from LSA in the seeds, and 1-acetaldehyde penniclavine from the seeds. Acetaldehyde boils off at room temp, so best to leave the sherry wine/seed solution in the fridge at all times.

The acetaldehyde in sherry wine will according to the 1992 indole adducts study adduct onto the bottom NH group on the indole of LSH, LSA and penniclavine forming something more akin to looking like ALD-52, (at least bottom indole wise).

The table from Sandoz suggested that ALD-52 might actually have advantages over LSD, reducing any side effects but achieving a stronger trip. Measurements of brain waves while people were taking the two drugs showed that while LSD produced brain waves associated with intense concentration and anxiety, ALD produced brain waves showing a more relaxed mental state.

It is quite possible that 1-acetaldehyde LSH and 1-acetaldehyde penniclavine produce stronger visual trips with zero anxiety. This has been my experience with the seed solution and also my experience when converting 3 x 100ug blotters of LSD to 1-acetaldehyde LSD (have done this over 10 times already spaced two weeks apart), also confirmed recently by Namaste at the Shroomery to work for him as well, now his preferred method of consuming LSD as well. Simply soak 3 LSD blotters in 1/2 shot sherry wine for 3 hours in fridge in a shot glass with swirling once per hour, then consume after 3 hours. Amazing visually strong trip, fantastic headspace with zero anxiety, and way more colorful than regular LSD: with out of this world neon colors -- very prominent with 1-acetaldehyde LSD or with ALD-52.

LSA (C16 H17 N3 O) + acetaldehyde (C2 H4 O) at bottom indole NH group = 1-acetaldehyde LSA
LSH (C18 H21 N3 O) + acetaldehyde (C2 H4 O) at bottom indole NH group = 1-acetaldehyde LSH
LSD (C20 H25 N3 O) + acetal (C2 H3 O) at bottom indole NH group = 1-acetal LSD (C22 H27 N3 O2) or ALD-52
LSD (C20 H25 N3 O) + acetaldehyde (C2 H4 0) at bottom indole NH group = 1-acetaldehyde LSD

Once you know your morning glory seeds are potent, you could also throw in a blotter or more of LSD into the sherry wine/morning glory seed solution soaking in the fridge for 3 hours, not only will this convert the LSD to the more colorful and anxiety free 1-acetaldehyde LSD but it can result in a trip way beyond normal LSD. Example below:

Dragonrider: "I have also experimented with morning glory seeds a lot. A couple of times the seeds came very close to LSD, but on other occasions they where nothing like LSD at all. But there is more. I have combined morning glory seeds with other psychedelics. And on some occasions they dulled the effects of them. But on a few occasions, they boosted the effects of psychedelics enormously and very few seeds where actually needed to create this effect.

Once a mere 30 seeds were enough to cause an overwhelming OBE on LSD, paired with the most insane visuals and a defragmentation of the mind like i have never experienced ever since. I am convinced that there is a substance in fresh morning glories, and maybe it is LSH or penniclavine, that modulates receptors that are being activated by psychedelics in such a way that it can boost the effects of other psychedelics."

Note (14) This is the paper that shows the alkaloid content of HBWR is vastly different from the alkaloid content of morning glory: Paulke A, Kremer C, Wunder C, Wurglics M, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Toennes SW. Identification of legal highs—ergot alkaloid patterns in two Argyreia nervosa products. Forensic Sci Int. 2014;242:62–71.


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Offlinetregar
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar] * 1
    #27041039 - 11/15/20 06:11 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

P.S. I also have met virtually no one else who has tried LSD in 1/2 shot of sherry wine soak for 3 hours in the fridge with stirring once per hour, then consuming besides myself and Namaste at the Shroomery. We both have taken regular LSD hundreds of times over 25 years, and both of us can tell a vastly different experience with the two. Most of the people I have run across can not source or do not have LSD. No one else seems to have tried this but us. Everyone seems to have access to 1p-LSD or something else, but few with real LSD.

Important new 2020 receptorome binding data just came out this year that is available for LSH or Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide found in morning glory seeds! See below:

http://www.t3db.ca/toxins/T3D3687
hxxp://www.t3db.ca/toxins/T3D3687

5-ht2a
5-ht2b
5-ht2c
adrenal A1A
adrenal A1B
adrenal A1D
adrenal A2A
adrenal A2B
adrenal A2C

This is important as it shows LSH binds to just about all the adrenal receptors (more than any other entheogen so far), while LSD only binds to one of the adrenal receptors: A2A in comparison (as far as adrenal receptors are concerned). See chart below: DMT, mescaline & psilocin all bind to many of the adrenal receptors. The adrenal receptors are implicated in the perception of aesthetics, beauty, euphoria.

This may explain why the semi-synthetic man-made LSD has been perceived by many to have less aesthetic appreciation than the natural entheogens: LSH, mescaline, Ayahuasca (harmine + tetrahydroharmine + harmaline) with Caapi, dmt, psilocin. It's man-made quality may be more perceptable due to it's lack of significant adrenal agonism, which is prominent with the natural entheogens.

Example: Mescaline has a rating of 4.00 at adrenal A2C (see below), 4.00 = max = off the charts, and anyone who has ever consumed cactus knows the appreciation for beauty is "thru the roof" or "over the top".

Agroclavine and penniclavine in the seeds (metabolite of agroclavine) bind to 5-ht1a, 5-ht2a, 5-ht6, 5-ht7, adrenal A2A, A2C, A2D, and most of the dopamine receptors in comparison. See "Agroclavine & Penniclavine radioligand (receptorome) data, Planta Med. 1996 Oct; 62(5): 387-92."

in comparison to LSD:

LSD binding data is shown below (compare to LSH/agroclavine/penniclavine above):

Thomas S. Ray, Psychedelics and the Human Receptorome (2010):
hxxp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0009019
Breadth of Receptor Binding, 4.00=max (off the charts), 0.00=min

LSD: 5ht1a = 3.73, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 2.88, mescaline = 3.61, 5-meo-DMT: = 4.00 (make up >80% of brain 5-ht)
LSD: 5ht1b = 4.00, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 2.19, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.41
LSD: 5ht1d = 3.70, DMT: = 3.91, psilocin = 3.40, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 3.48
LSD: 5ht1e = 2.62, DMT: = 3.28, psilocin = 3.03, mescaline = 3.16, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.72
LSD: 5ht2a = 3.54, DMT: = 2.58, psilocin = 2.14, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.98
LSD: 5ht2b = 3.11, DMT: = 3.91, psilocin = 4.00, mescaline = 3.97, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.69 (sensual & entactogenic)
LSD: 5ht2c = 3.11, DMT: = 3.42, psilocin = 2.52, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.55
LSD: 5ht5a = 3.64, DMT: = 3.16, psilocin = 2.83, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.84
LSD: -5ht6 = 3.75, DMT: = 3.35, psilocin = 2.82, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.73
LSD: -5ht7 = 3.77, DMT: = 4.00, psilocin = 2.82, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 3.69 (novelty, newness)
LSD: ---D1 = 2.34, DMT: = 3.51, psilocin = 3.37, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.38
LSD: -A-2A = 2.93, DMT: = 2.75, psilocin = 1.36, mescaline = 2.92, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.00 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2a)
LSD: -A-2B = 0.00, DMT: = 3.53, psilocin = 1.57, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.86 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2b)
LSD: -A-2C = 0.00, DMT: = 3.53, psilocin = 1.03, mescaline = 4.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.57 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2c)

In conclusion, it is apparent that there is significant teamwork taking place in the seeds between the alkaloids, with argoclavine/penniclavine/other clavines supplying the all important 5-ht1a agonism (which causes inhibitory shutdown of over 80% of brain 5-ht = the filtering & gate/door day to day survival serotonin filters built up since childhood) and agonism targeting of 5-ht2a, 5-ht6, 5-ht7, A2A, A2C, A2D, and the dopamine receptors...

...while LSH targets the 5-ht2a, 5-ht2b, 5-ht2c & SIX of the adrenal receptors, targeting 5 more adrenal receptors than even LSD hits. Wow, this is amazing! Who ever thought LSH was capable of targeting SIX ADRENAL RECEPTORS! Outstanding Nature.


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27042796 - 11/16/20 07:35 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Amanita86 said:
Quote:

LC needs to pop in, I think he tried the sherry extraction method and it was too funky to drink.  Also I wonder what would be an equivalent non alcohol substitute for the sherry?



As far as non-alcoholic Amanita86, I have in the past also used a cold water extraction acidified to ph=4 using a tiny pinch of DL tartaric acid ($7 ebay ph meter required) as you don't want to go below ph=4.

https://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/26838327

Several trip reports on page 1 from myself, Hermes & Nogal (all of us used acidified water) to preserve the LSH in the seeds as it decomposes to LSA in neutral water.


Edited by tregar (11/16/20 07:37 PM)


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27043070 - 11/16/20 10:07 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Not surprised. Have they resarched HBWR too? I've believed for years that those raw seeds (when extractions are not used and the quality is high) must surely contain all kinds of interesting and not fully understood alkaloids (with different varieties containing different alkaloids as well). The raw seed experience is mindblowing! Far more to them than LSA I think.


--------------------
"I'm every nightmare you ever had. I am your worst dreams come true. I am everything you ever were afraid of."

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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: wolf8312]
    #27043206 - 11/17/20 01:52 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Thanks wolf8312 for your comments!

As I have shown in this thread, claviceps paspali infected pasplum grass grows in the famous Rarian plane adjacent to Eleusis
in ancient Greece where the ceremonies were held for hundreds of initiates and contains the exact same psychedelic alkaloid profile
as the Mexican Aztec morning glory seeds. It could have been used directly in powdered form...simply powder the ergot infected grass,
soak in wine, filter thru cloth to get rid of debris, then drink the resulting wine which contains all 5 of the stimulating
LSD like drugs.

Anyone who is into ergot or morning glory seeds, I highly recommend the following book which just came out last month,
what an incredible read!

...contains info on ancient ERGOTIZED BEER uncovered for the 1st time! Tons of info on Eleusis, psychedelic ergot, etc.

This incredible new book presents the hard archeological evidence substantiating the LSD-like chemical presence
in the Eleusinian and Dionysian Mysteries, which carried on for thousands of years, reappearing in democratized
form as the Eucharist in the mystery cult of early Christianity before its suppression under the Roman Empire.

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1250207142?pf_rd_r=9Q0J9HD60AQ9RK40C7FV&pf_rd_p=edaba0ee-c2fe-4124-9f5d-b31d6b1bfbee

The book is officially a New York Times Best Seller, and the author has interviews available to view here:

    The Joe Rogan Experience:

    CNN: https://edition.cnn.com/videos/tv/2020/10/10/did-hallucinogens-play-role-in-origin-of-religion.cnn
    goop: https://goop.com/the-goop-podcast/the-secret-history-of-religion/
    NPR: https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/life-examined/ancient-greece-psychedelics-mental-health-therapy
    Andrew Sullivan (just released this Friday, November 13): https://andrewsullivan.substack.com/p/brian-muraresku-on-psychedelics-and

All media available here: https://www.brianmuraresku.com/media.


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar] * 1
    #27043528 - 11/17/20 09:28 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Even LSD chemist Todd Skinner has prepared ergot wine, see above from the book "Lysergic", as I have done myself using high doses of fresh off the vine morning glory seeds. I recently harvested lots from my two planters. I use 15 plus grams of dark hard black fresh seeds, there are 30 to 35 seeds per gram. I see open eye geometric patterns on surface of everything...with closed eyes I have seen colored vectors which spin 360 degrees while traveling from left to right across visual plane. The euphoria and enhancement of beauty is strong. This has resulted in incredible visual and euphoric trips.

I use around 3 to 4 oz of cold sherry wine to soak the 500 plus pulverized and ground seeds fresh off the vine (I grow them every spring) in a 1/2 pint tall jar which sits in fridge for some time with occasional swirling, then strain thru a cotton ball in a funnel to get out the seed debris, changing out the cotton when or if it clogs, and drink the resulting nutty tasting solution which contains the actives. Extraction using wine also cuts down on the "stringy slimy snot material" extracted from the seeds, which the alcohol does not dissolve. This stringy snot however is readily soluble in plain water. Wine is also at ph=4 which keep the active LSH from decomposing to the inactive and sedating LSA. LSH only survives in acidic medium (like wine for example).

Fresh off the vine seeds (as I learned way before the 2016 Polish mg study came out) contain high amounts of LSH, (freeze seeds to preserve their high LSH potency indefinitely) way more than what is found in seeds off retail racks. Seeds direct from growers are also very good, I have two jars full of seeds from different growers that I keep in freezer. Search *mazon or *bay and look for those with hundreds of five star reviews. *ee* *eed* with reviews at *mazon is one I know of, *irt's garden is another, but they are gone from auction bay now. I miss them. The *irt's garden on *mazon is not the real *irt's garden but a different distributor of different seeds, and you can tell from the recent mediocre reviews, even wrong seeds being sold. Also notice from the 1975 study (1st post graph) that pearly gate seeds were found to contain even higher amounts of alkaloids.


Edited by tregar (11/17/20 10:17 AM)


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27043775 - 11/17/20 12:12 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

As someone who has used LSD many times already, I have never tried LSA. Is it worth it? I heard there was unbearable nausea


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: skOsH]
    #27046065 - 11/18/20 06:19 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

skOsH said:
Quote:

As someone who has used LSD many times already, I have never tried LSA. Is it worth it? I heard there was unbearable nausea


No, there is zero nausea if you extract like I explain above, and it's not the LSA that is active, it's the LSH...the LSH converts to the inactive LSA however if you extract into neutral water instead of wine, beer, or acidified water (all are acidic).


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27046552 - 11/18/20 10:24 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Where did you get the information that LSA is inactive? Not saying your wrong, but everything I see on erowid says it's a psychedelic in it's own right.


--------------------
LOVE


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: skOsH]
    #27046713 - 11/19/20 02:48 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Quote:

skOsH said:
Is it worth it?



No, not once you've tried LSD.


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: nooneman]
    #27047735 - 11/19/20 05:31 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Thank you for taking the time to compile all this detailed information, tregar.

For some weird reason, there is still much obscurity regarding "LSA"-containing seeds even though they have been an entheogen for who knows how long. It's hard to believe that a vine like Ipomoea Tricolor that grows so fast hasn't gathered more interest in those looking for psychedelic healing.

I hope that, with time, both scientists and users figure out the most effective ways of administration and the chemical makeup of the seeds. The wine extraction method sounds practical; I'll definitely give it a go when (and if) I finally get my own plants and they produce seeds. I can't wait to move to a house to plant Ipomoea Tricolor everywhere. :evil:

That book looks interesting as well, I think you've found my next read.

Peace!


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: jomanda1990]
    #27048476 - 11/20/20 07:32 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Thanks Jomanda1990.

Jesusfish, LSA is a schedule 3 sedative, even Albert Hofmann tried it at high dose and became tired and only noticed the emptiness of the outside world, it's a decomposition product of LSH over time if the seeds are not kept frozen or in fridge (temp controlled). It has only minimal psychedelic effects, none worth noting.

Nooneman, I have to disagree, I've had fresh off the vine seeds trips that have rivaled LSD in transcendence & visuals & euphoria.

Jamie: "Yeah that LSH can be very visually powerful..the only time I got morning glories to work was when they were fresh..and they blew away LSD for me. I had real visions..I am thinking there was more LSH in them than LSA..all the other times I just got some euphoria and nausea."

Below: 2 planters which gave me recent early winter (super late fall) harvest of two Lots of potent fresh black hard morning glory seeds, preserving seeds in freezer to retain their high LSH &  penniclavine/agroclavine & other clavines potency indefinitely.



Edited by tregar (11/20/20 07:35 AM)


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27049447 - 11/20/20 07:19 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Interesting read now if I can only get my hands on some fresh seeds to try this. Unfortunately I have no where to grow them inside a damn hotel.


--------------------


....Synthesized love story or is it just a crazy dream....


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27051758 - 11/22/20 09:00 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Quote:

tregar said:
Below: 2 planters which gave me recent early winter (super late fall) harvest of two Lots of potent fresh black hard morning glory seeds, preserving seeds in freezer to retain their high LSH &  penniclavine/agroclavine & other clavines potency indefinitely.





So that's how you grow a climbing plant in a pot, huh. Sorry, I'm just too new to any type of gardening and wouldn't have come up with that type of support for the plant.
Harvesting the seeds sound like a super relaxing activity, too.


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: Amanita86]
    #27053153 - 11/22/20 10:02 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Cold brew coffee work as a non-alcoholic substitute for sherry during the LSD or LSH conversion.


--------------------
Favorite entheogen experiences in descending order:
1)Combo of oral DMT + smoked Bufotenine
2)Amanita (urine drank twice)
3)Mushrooms > Achuma 16"+cid(still need higher dose Achuma)> Cid (still need high dose)
4)Morning Glory-HBWR (+cumin, cinnamon aldehyde adducts) > Methyl chavicol (need more activators)
5)Salvia (need to try quid)


All readable matter in the above post is ficticious... any similarities to real life are purely coincidental.

Blessing.


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27053281 - 11/23/20 01:55 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

I'd always heard Heavenly Blue was the most potent morning glory, but that's an interesting graph...  I only wish they had included Rivea corymbosa and HBWR in the study!


Also a wonderful note about alcohol being needed for a complete extraction, thank you.  It aligns with most all my best trips having used alcohol: a sherry extraction, a cold-brewed coffee and rum extraction, and mixing homemade cumin vodka tincture in during the CWE (The cuminaldehyde adduct is just as worthy as the acetaldehyde one.  Holy Zen.)



For those unfamiliar with this topic, here are some personal thoughts in review:


My understanding of this reaction in a nutshell:


"LSA" + the aldehyde + low PH (4) + cold agitation = an adduct with modified effect.

Alcohol may facilitate the reaction.


Quick adduct differentiation:

Acetaldehyde adduct
Great euphoria, classical psychedelic mentally.  Offers light visual effects such as haloes, tracers, increased brightness and color saturation.

The Acetaldehyde adduct gives me vasoconstriction, but no bronchial constriction. 


----------------

Cinnamaldehyde adduct:
Short duration, high energy, occasional OEV's:  a rapidly expanding white "bubble-ring" (like the kind dolphins make and play with) shoots out from a Persian rug towards me.

*The Cinnamaldehyde adduct gave me bronchial constriction, so keep a bronchodilator like THC handy.*

This is the only adduct that has given me actual OEV; and with half my usual dose at that!  While it is the most stimulating adduct I've tried, it's the least uplifting.

More on the Cinnamaldehyde adduct: https://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/22081081#22081081


--------------

Cuminaldehyde adduct
Good mood; centered.  Fair energy.  Long duration.  Presents visual effects from soft "breathing" to "rubber objects" (or seeing things how a video camera does after the lens is splash and water goes into streams across the lens). 

Thinking is unclouded, but not on overdrive.  Felt holy.
While the cuminaldehyde adduct may be slightly less euphoric than the acetaldehyde one, it is still very nice!


Here's my post on Cuminaldehyde written during and after trying it, "hbwr cumin mix kicks ass"*:  https://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/21168265#21168265


^
*In that thread Achuma mentions that he also favors the cumin adduct over cinnamon one, saying "I preferred the one light cumin/ergine experience over my several cinnamon/ergine experiences."



~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


There are a couple other aldehydes that have produced pleasant adducts (German chamomile contains one that is next on my list to try after the trip reports I read), while many more aldehydes will react to form inactive or even unpleasant ones.


Edited by flickedbic (11/23/20 02:10 AM)


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: flickedbic] * 1
    #27058587 - 11/26/20 11:23 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Thanks for comments flickedbic, I've read many of your past remarkable posts!

I may even just grow Pearly Gates next spring, as the 1975 study found 3x times the amount of alkaloids in them compared to heavenly blue.

Lest we not forget that Norman also had remarkable seed extracts using wine:

Norman said on September 2019:
Quote:

Years ago I stumbled across a simple method for dosing HBWR.
Grind the seeds and cover them with white wine, let sit in the fridge for a day or so, shaking occasionally, decant, filter and drink.
No nausea no aches no vasoconstriction.
I am now off alcohol completely so I’m thinking of an alternative method short of a full on extraction.
I’m convinced that something in the wine besides water and alcohol is what makes the trip so clean. I’ve tried twelve percent water alcohol mixes in the past and still had the nasty side effects and at the same time the trip is not as strong.
I’m thinking acetaldehyde and or tartaric acid may be involved or at least a good place to start.
Any thought on what chemically may be going on?







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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27064017 - 11/30/20 05:56 AM (3 years, 1 month ago)

Claviceps purpurea vs claviceps paspali:

The problem with Ergonovine (another name for ergometrine/ergobasin):

Have read all of the "The Immortality Key, the Secret History of the Religion with no Name" this past weekend, and highly recommend it.

There are two main water soluble alkaloids in the poisonous claviceps purpurea ergot: ergonovine and lysergic acid amide (LSA). These can be separated from the non-water soluble alkaloids which are poisonous.

The author cites Wasson's request for Albert Hofmann to track down and analyze the ergot of wheat and barley, "both of which would have been plentiful on the Rarian plain so explicitly showcased in the Hymn to Demeter". These cereal grains commonly become infected with claviceps purpurea ergot, and only rarely infected with claviceps paspali. I am thankful that he states "the search for the kykeon goes on", noting that ergonvine is only one of many alkaloids found in ergot.

Hofmann's letter to Gordon Wasson on page 205 (one of the colored pics) contain's Hofmann's trip report (which he recovered from the Wasson collection) with several milligrams of ergonovine which is another name for ergometrine or ergobasin, all names for the same water soluble alkaloid.

Note that this alkaloid is only found in very small amounts in morning glory and claviceps paspali, but is one of the main water soluble alkaloids in the poisonous claviceps purpurea. At the bottom of the page, Carl Ruck's experiment with the compound was noted as resulting instead with "mixed results" as opposed to Hoffman's findings.

My concerns with ergonovine stem from the follow-up experiments with it performed below by several experimenters...it resulted in heavy somatic symptoms (moderate vasoconstriction and cramping) while the psychedelic quality was mild, and contained none of the euphoria common with LSD, mushrooms, cactus, Ayahuasca, morning glory, and quite possibly the Greek claviceps paspali infected paspalum grass.

The claviceps paspali infected paspalum distichum grass, which as found in the 1961 paper by Stevens and Hall, contains same rich alkaloid profile as the Mexican morning glory (high levels of LSH or lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide along with a handful of other simulating LSD like alkaloids) which as show in this thread all work together (teamwork) to hit the same brain receptorome profile that LSD hits, and beyond. Note LSD only hits 1 of the adrenal receptors, while LSH hits 6 of the adrenal receptors, see brand new 2020 LSH receptorome data on post #7.

C. paspali submerged cultures have ergine, isoergine and lysergic acid N-1-hydroxyethylamide or LSH (Arcamone et al., 1960) while sclerotia from Australia contain up to 0.005% alkaloids composed of ergine and ergonovine along with chanoclavine and two unidentified ergoline alkaloids (Groger et al., 1961). Elymoclavine (Kobel et al., 1964) and agroclavine (Brar et al., 1968) have also been recorded.

We also know now that LSA is a schedule 3 sedative and is a breakdown (decomposition) product of LSH over time, or when LSH is heated, or when LSH is extracted into plain (neutral) water. LSH only survives intact in acidic environments, like those of acidified water or wine for example.

3 experimenter's effects when ingesting pure ergonovine, another name for ergometrine (found in HBWR), June 1979 Journal of Psychedelic Drugs:
Quote:

In the January-June 1979 issue of the Journal of Psychedelic Drugs, Jeremy Bigwood, Jonathan Ott, Catherine Thompson and Patricia Neely report on their attempt to replicate Hofmann's finding in three experiments with ergonovine maleate, each time in one pastoral setting. They were following up Wasson and Ruck, who tried the same amount as Hofmann but "did not experience distinct entheogenic effects."

    With Thompson acting as a guide, three of them took 3mg. of ergonovine maleate, which appeared as a slightly phosphorescent bluish solution in water. Fifteen minutes later they felt like lying down and looking at the sky; then there were "very mild visual alterations, characterized by perception of an 'alive' quality in inanimate objects." Most of this effect passed within an hour; walking along the beach, they experienced mild leg cramps. Bigwood saw eidetic imagery before going to bed, and the three "slept easily...awakening refreshed in the morning."
   
    The three experimenters were "convinced that ergonovine was psychoactive, but only J.B. was persuaded the drug was entheogenic." They decided to try it again two weeks later in an increased dosage of 5 mg., but Neely took only 3.75mg. "Again, we experienced lassitude and leg cramps, more pronounced than in the earlier experiment." The psychic effects were more intense than previously, particularly eidetic imagery.

"Now it was clear to all of us that ergonovine was entheogenic...The entheogenic effects, however, were very mild, while the somatic effects were quite strong. We had none of the euphoria characteristic of LSD and Psilocybin experiences."
   
    To determine if higher consciousness alteration was possible, they tried larger oral doses of ergonovine maleate a week later. This time, Neely took a dose of 7.5mg and the others took 10mg:
   
    "One of us (J.O.) described "flashes in periphery, ringing in ears, inner restlessness" 40 minutes after ingestion, and later noted "mild hallucinosis, cramps in legs and felt the cramping in the legs as painful and debilitating. The psychic effects did not increase with the same magnitude as the somatic effects...For what seemed like hours, we lay on our backs atop a small pumphouse, watching fluffy cumulus clouds pass silently above us. The effects were still quite intense six hours after ingestion. One of us experienced abundant eidetic imagery, rapidly-changing, colorful geometric patterns, undulating, never still. We all had a slight hangover the following morning."



Albert Hofmann even stated that Claviceps Paspali ergot which infects paspalum grass commonly all around the Mediterranean basin contains the same rich alkaloid profile as the Mexican morning glory long ago, and could have likely been a source of the Kykeon.

Albert Hofmann (page 10) of "The Road to Eleusis" by Wasson, Hofmann & Ruck: "Chapter 2, a challenging question and my answer":hxxps://maps.org/images/pdf/books/eleusis.pdf
Quote:

There is a further finding that may prove to be of utmost importance in considering Wasson's question. The main constituents of the Mexican morning glory seeds are (a) lysergic acid amide (=ergine), and (b) lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide (LSH), and these are also the main alkaloids in ergot growing on the wild grass Paspalum distichum L. This grass grows commonly all around the Mediterranean basin and is often infected with Claviceps paspali. F. Arcamone et al.3 were the first to discover these alkaloids in ergot of P. distichum, in 1960.



Professor Carl Ruck even states on page 161 of his book "Sacred Mushrooms of the Goddess, Secrets of Eleusis" that claviceps paspali was found in the 1961 study I cite at bottom to contain not only LSA, but LSH.
----------------------------------------------
Note (1) Researchers showed in 1961 that Claviceps paspali produces high amounts of LSH in culture: "Production of a new lysergic acid derivative (LSH or Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide) by a strain of Claviceps paspali, Stevens & Hall". One of the studies I read indicated they picked the infected ergot from paspalum distichum grass in the vicinity of Rome.

Note (2) 2016 Polish morning glory study found 3x higher amounts of LSH in MG seeds direct from grower/producer vs retail, hxxps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4830885/ LSA is a decomposition product of LSH over time.
   
Quote:


seeds direct from growers: 1.71 LSH to 5.08 penniclavine ratio
seeds off retail racks: 0.54 LSH to 4.75 penniclavine ratio




It is possible fresh black seeds from vine could likely be near 5.00 LSH to 5.00 penniclavine ratio, vacuum pack and freeze the freshly picked seeds to maintain their high LSH potency indefinitely.


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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar] * 1
    #27064019 - 11/30/20 05:59 AM (3 years, 1 month ago)

Has the Mystery of the Eleusinian Mysteries been solved?   

Ivan Valencic       

Yearbook for Ethnomedicine and the Study of Consciousness,
       
Issue 3, 1994, pp325-336. ©VWB - Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung, 1995.

1
    In ancient Greece near Eleusis, about 20 kilometers north-west from Athens, a special event was celebrated every September. According to the tradition the goddess Demeter was said to have been reunited here with her daughter Kore, who was also known as Persephone, after she had been kidnapped by the god of the underworld Pluto.

    The festival of the mysteries took place twice a year, in spring and in autumn, but the former was not so great and important as the latter. The mysteries, whose origins date to the prehellenic era, became particularly popular when Eleusis came under sovereignty of Athens. In the 5th century B.C. the telesterion—the great hall of mysteries was built there. In this building the most important part of the ritual is supposed to have occurred: the ingestion of the kykeon, the mysterious sacrament that caused in participants intensive psychic changes, which cleared their souls, and made them accept death not so much as harm as a blessing, as one of the ancient diarists reported. In the late Roman period the mysteries no longer took place every year, and the cult was finally destroyed in 395 A.D. or the year after it when the troops of Alaric demolished the temple at Eleusis.

    The organization of the September' s ritual, which lasted nine days, was supervised by two families who passed the performance of their duties from generation to generation. They were forbidden to reveal the essence of the mysteries, the slightest revelation was threatened by death penalty. The secret of the mysteries had been extremely well guarded, so that with the rise of Christianity the sure knowledge about the essence of the mysteries and especially of the nature of the Eleusinian sacrament has been lost forever.

    Anyone who spoke Greek could be initiated, even slaves and women (GOLDHILL, 1993), which leads to the conclusion that the ingestion of the kykeon must not have had a detrimental effect on possible pregnancies. Initiates were promised a special life in the underworld after death, and during the Roman era the festival became a cosmopolitan event. Great processions went from Athens to Eleusis with songs and other ritual celebrations on the only road built in ancient Greece before the arrival of the Romans. The dramatic enactment of the myth of Demeter and Kore was the most famous and widely celebrated cult in the ancient Greek world.

2
    The central mystery of the Eleusinian mysteries pertains to the nature of the kykeon—the mixture drunk by initiates at the autumnal Eleusinian festival. It was no doubts of palpable nature, so that something was drunk in the telesterion in reality and not only in effigy as some historians supposed. This is well supported by the infamous scandalous event that took place in 415 B.C. when the powerful political and military leader of Athens Alkibiades stole the kykeon at Eleusis and entertained by it himself and his friends. Another conclusion can be inferred from this incident: the ingestion of the kykeon must have been a pleasant and therefore sought-after experience. This was confirmed by many writers of antiquity who participated at the mysteries, and to my knowledge there are no reports on bad trips in the ancient texts that have been preserved.

    On the contrary, many wrote about the joyful, revealing, truly psychedelic or entheogenic experience (ta hiera—the holy was the only term that initiates were supposed to say when describing their mysterious experience).

    The ingredients of the kykeon were revealed in the seventh century B.C. in the so called Homeric Hymn to Demeter (it was written by an anonymous poet and not by Homer) as follows; water, barley and blechon or glechon—a fragrant Mediterranean mint, probably Mentha pulegium or Mentha aquatica (RÄTSCH, 1992). This is the only known reference to the composition of the kykeon and it seems somehow incompatible with the secret tightly guarded by the two hierophantic families who were in charge of making it and dispensing at Eleusis. After all, if the recipe for the kykeon had been as simple as that mentioned in the Homeric Hymn, many in ancient Greece would have been mixing their own kykeon, which was, of course, not the case.

    As to who first surmised that the kykeon had had psychedelic activity, I have come across three references. According to different sources it was in 1956 or 1962 or 1964 that the hypothesis was proposed that the kykeon might have contained a psychedelic substance. ALBERT HOFMANN (1983) cites KARL KERÉNYI'S work (1962) as the first having made the statement that the kykeon was a mixture containing a hallucinogenic drug. JONATHAN OTT in Pharmacotheon (1993) says that this idea was first suggested by R. GORDON WASSON in 1956, while TERENCE McKENNA in Food of the Gods (1992) gives this credit to ROBERT GRAVES in 1964. Be that as it may, both, WASSON and GRAVES believed that the intoxicating beverage most probably contained mushrooms. WASSON thought that the secret of the mysteries would be found in indoles, while GRAVES gave more credence to the fly agaric hypothesis, although he conceded that also a psilocybian mushroom (Panaeolus papilionaceus) may have been added to the kykeon. (A collection of GRAVES' work, published in London in 1962, sets the origin of this text in 1960.) What catches one's attention is that mushrooms are quite unlike any of the ingredients of the kykeon, according to the Homeric Hymn.

    Let us for a moment digress to a similar mystery to that of Eleusis: the nature of the famous Vedic medicine soma and its Iranian variety haoma. In Rig Veda and Atharva Veda there are many references to the appearance as well as the action of soma, and based on them numerous hypotheses were proposed about its botanical identity. Researchers suggested that soma was fly agaric, Syrian rue, ephedra, mandrake or other tropane derivatives containing plants, hemp, psilocybian mushrooms (e.g. Stropharia cubensis) and a couple of other plants, each differing from one another more than perceptibly in its shape and the psychoactive effects it induces.

    Today the mystery of soma lies unresolved as so many of the passages in the Vedas that refer to soma are too vague and much more unreliable in their meaning than presumed by WASSON and other scholars who attempted its solving. Is there any possibility that this is the case also for the Eleusinian mysteries, that the reference in the Homeric Hymn of the kykeon is not only unreliable but even deceptive in order to hide the true nature of the sacred libation? For this and other reasons that will be mentioned, some researchers, in recent years most notably T. McKENNA, believe that the mystery of the Eleusinian mysteries has not been satisfactorily solved.

3
    Researchers who attempted to solve the Eleusinian mystery according to the Hymn to Demeter directed their attention to barley since few if any mints are psychoactive. Barley has been known to have been infested like other grains by rust-ergot fungus (Claviceps purpurea and Claviceps paspali) since ancient times Many written testimonies exist about that. Ergot does have established psychedelic effects, it is after all the source of Iysergic acid, the precursor of many psychedelic substances, among them LSD. It seemed only natural that the parasitic fungus growing on barley rendered to the Eleusinian sacrament its psychedelic power.

    The theory that the kykeon derived its psychoactive effects from ergot was proposed at the Second International Conference on Hallucinogenic Mushrooms near Port Townsend, WA on October 28th, 1977, by R. GORDON WASSON, ALBERT HOFMANN and CARL A. P. RUCK. Next year appeared the famous book The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries by the same authors. In it, at first, Wasson gives an account of his experience with Mexican psilocybian mushrooms and explains why he thinks that the drinking of the Eleusinian potion involved a similar experience.

    The second part, written by A. HOFMANN, offers an explanation of how in ancient Greece a psychedelic potion could have been prepared from the ergot fungus. HOFMANN explains that ergoline alkaloids more or less fall into two categories: non-water soluble peptide alkaloids, which exert more toxic effects, and water soluble Iysergic acid derivatives with psychedelic effects more pronounced. Of the latter that appear in nature the most important are ergine (D-lysergic acid amide) the psychoactive principle of many species of Convolvulaceae, and ergonovine (D-lysergic acid-L-2-propanolamide).

    HOFMANN reports that he ingested 2.0 mg of ergonovine maleate, which is about six times the normal dose used in medicine for ceasing postpartum haemorrhaging He experienced some psychedelic activity that lasted more than five hours, although WASSON and RUCK, who later also took ergonovine maleate at the same dose, did not experience any distinct psychedelic effects. HOFMANN stated that the ancient Greeks, or at least some of them, could have made a safe psychedelic beverage with an aqueous infusion of ergot thereby separating the water soluble alkaloids from more dangerous peptide ones.

    But when GORDON WASSON asked HOFMANN the question: Whether early man in Greece could have hit on a method to isolate a hallucinogen from ergot...", his answer to this challenging question considered two possibilities: one was the above-mentioned aqueous extract from ergot of barley with ergonovine as a possible psychoactive agent, and the other was what one could call the Paspalum-ergot hypothesis. Claviceps paspali, which only very seldom infest barley, is often found on the Mediterranean wild grass Paspalum distichum, which must surely have grown also near Eleusis.

    ALBERT HOFMANN writes in his contribution to The Road to Eleusis that this finding may prove to be of the utmost importance in considering WASSON'S question: the main alkaloids isolated from ergot of Paspalum are the same as those found in the ancient Mexican sacred drug ololiuqui, i.e. ergine and Iysergic acid hydroxyethylamide. In his opinion the Paspalum-ergot hypothesis is much more probable than the barley-ergot hypothesis, as it is well established that these alkaloids have psychedelic activity. In the psychedelic usage of seeds of Convolvulaceae he sees the convincing proof that the Paspalum-ergot hypothesis is tenable (HOFMANN, 1994).

    In the third part C.A.P. RUCK with the assistance of DANNY STAPLES renders detailed explanation of the Hymn to Demeter and cites the information from related Greek texts that pertain to Demeter's Eleusinian cult. In this and two following writings RUCK (1981; 1983) expounds some historical evidence that ergot was the key ingredient in Demeter's potion, from the fact that Demeter was often called Ersybe—ergot to the purple colour of her robes, which was supposed to reflect the dark purplish-brown hue of Claviceps. It would seem that the kykeon containing ergot of Paspalum is not the kykeon according to the Homeric Hymn any more. But in HOFMANN'S opinion barley was not believed to be the psychedelic principle, but a nutrient extract and mint as a stomachicum. The admixture of mint fits well into the ergot hypothesis of the kykeon, because it is well known that ergot preparations produce light nausea which can be counteracted by mint (HOFMANN, 1994). There is no doubt that principle ergoline alkaloids of C. paspali produce a genuine psychedelic reaction.

4
    The WASSON/HOFMANN/RUCK theory, albeit bold, seems to be well argued. But, as the burden of proof is on those who assert, we must ask along with T. McKENNA if it has been subjected to the acid test (McKENNA, 1992): that means actually brewing the superior psychedelically working kykeon from ergot infested plants. After HOFMANN'S and his co-authors' self-experiments, there seem to be only three more published accounts of similar trials. All were with pure substances: ergonovine maleate (BIGWOOD ET AL., 1979) and methylergonovine (OTT & NEELY, 1980), but none were with an aqueous solution of ergot. In a recent letter JONATHAN OTT (1994) informed me that to his knowledge no one has yet shown by psychonautic assay that the WASSON/HOFMANN/RUCK kykeon (a filtered aqueous infusion of ergot of barley, as he says) definitely yields a psychedelic experience.

    The results with the mentioned ingestion of ergonovine and methyl-ergonovine, respectively, were not exactly impressive and, in other words, not at all confirmative of the ergot of barley hypothesis considering they were purported to assess it. JEREMY BIGWOOD, JONATHAN OTT, CATHERINE THOMPSON and PATRICIA NEELY in August 1978 repeated Hofmann's experiment with higher doses: from 3.0 to 10.0 mg of ergonovine maleate (BIGWOOD ET AL., 1979). The intoxication at 3.0 mg produced very mild visual alterations, lassitude and mild leg cramps. The effects tapered off in seven hours. At 5.0 mg, lassitude and cramps were more pronounced. The psychic effects were also more intense, particularly eidetic phenomena, but they were still mild, while the somatic effects were quite strong. Only at 10.0 mg were visual effects comparable to a threshold dose of LSD or psilocybin, but the physical effects (cramping) were already painful and debilitating. The experimenters were also in a kind of dreamy state, as the natural psychoactive ergoline alkaloids, apart from LSD, show a pronounced narcotic component.

    The researchers concluded that, although psychedelic effects of ergonovine were similar to those of a minimal dose of LSD, its somatic effects so much overshadowed the psychic ones that they had no wish to ingest it at psychedelic doses any more. Two years later J. OTT and P. NEELY (1980) attempted a similar experiment with methylergonovine (D-lysergic acid-(+)-2-butanolamide) at 2.0 mg each. Somatic effects included vertigo, salivation, mild cramping, yawning, and psychic effects mostly excited imagination and visualization from auditory cues. The trip was reminiscent of LSD but much milder and more superficial. As with ergonovine, a semi-narcotic state was experienced during it. Uncomfortable somatic effects, again this time, were overshadowing bland psychic changes, which were a far cry from what the Homeric Hymn tells about the initiation experience at Eleusis: "Blissful is he among men on Earth who has beheld that", or what PINDAR and CICERO and others reported.

    The latest published experiment with the ingestion of an ergoline alkaloid is by MICHAEL RIPINSKY-NAXON, who in his book The Nature of Shamanism (1993) mentions that he and his co-workers ingested 6.0 mg of ergonovine without giving many details about the setting. They had unimpressive psychic changes, mostly low perceptual alterations, accompanied with leg cramps.

    As I have already mentioned, there are no reports on experiments with water soaked ergot rust, which is completely understandable keeping in mind the historical evidence about the ingestion of ergot infested grain. Ergotism killed thousands of people, and very unpleasant experiences can be logically expected by those who set out to prove the ergot of barley hypothesis. Reservations about this part of WASSON/HOFMANN/RUCK theory are best summarized by T. McKENNA (1992): how could an ergotized beverage have been taken for so many centuries without unpleasant side effects, becoming a part of the legend? As it was clearly shown, even water soluble alkaloids exert painful somatic effects. How is it that no ancient writer who wrote about the Eleusinian initiation mentioned the similarities between it and ergot poisoning? They were all deeply impressed by the experience in a positive way, and reports exist only on truly psychedelic and even transcendental experiences. There are no reports on bad trips accompanied with somatic tormentation and pain that always result from ergot ingestion.

    Despite the fact that certain ergoline alkaloid containing fungi are used in psychedelic preparations in some parts of the world (OTT, 1993), it is clear that they are used only as additives to another component that has the central psychedelic role in a preparation, and that they tend to produce a much more deliriant entheogenic experience, especially when used alone.

    Is there any possibility that the kykeon might have contained other ingredients besides those mentioned in the Hymn to Demeter that alleviated the unpleasant effects of ergoline alkaloids? Some researchers (RÄTSCH, 1992; RIPINSKY-NAXON, 1993) suppose that opium was an additive to the kykeon. Demeter as well as Persephone were associated with poppy and many iconographic motifs of the two goddesses with poppy pods have been found. It is well known that more or less all depressants (e.g. neuroleptics, barbiturates, benzodiazepines) suppress an LSD induced psychedelic reaction, and among some LSD consumers the easiest way to abort the trip is by smoking some heroin.

    I asked some researchers about the possible interaction of ergoline and opium alkaloids. J. OTT (1994) is skeptical of presumed anti-LSD activity of heroin and other opiates, whereas A. HOFMANN (1994) and ALEXANDER SHULGIN (1994) believe that opiates must have, like other downers, a diminishing effect on a lysergic acid derivative induced trip. Since no controlled human studies seem to exist about that interaction, there is only some animal work to refer to (experiments cited by SANKAR, 1975). It showed a clear antagonism between LSD and morphine in mice, rabbits and dogs, but Shulgin says that he would look at SANKAR'S review with some care. As we know that the psychedelic reaction is almost impossible to observe in experimental animals, the definitive solution of this problem cannot be expected until human trials are conducted in accordance with relevant statistical criteria. Yet, I think, it is plausible to conjecture that a possible opium addition to an ergotized preparation could only diminish its psychedelic strength and not enhance it.

    And so, is there a reasonable probability that ergot of barley or some of its alkaloids played the central psychedelic role in the kykeon? In the opinion of some researchers, including me, it is not very likely. Only by the ingestion of the kykeon, mixed according to the first part of the WASSON/HOFMANN/RUCK theory m a sufficient dose to produce a genuine psychedelic experience without some dire consequences, can this hypothesis be irrevocably proved or disproved. It is unfortunate for research but, I believe, by all means fortunate for researchers, that no one has attempted to do so. In one of his letters, JONATHAN OTT (1994) informed me that he intended to test the ergot (of barley) hypothesis one day soon. I think that we all should eagerly, but of course not too eagerly, expect the results of his ergot-self-experimentation.

5
    The Paspalum-ergot hypothesis is much less publicized and sometimes even omitted in many a work that deals with the Eleusinian mysteries as well as in letters I have exchanged with some of their authors recently. In practically all writings after The Road to Eleusis about this topic I have come across the emphasis on and sometimes even the preoccupation with ergot of barley (C. purpurea) as the central ingredient of the kykeon and ergonovine as its most important psychedelic alkaloid (cf. just the most recent work: RÄTSCH, 1992; OTT, 1993; ripinsky-naxon, 1993). This is no doubts the consequence of literally sticking to the words of the Hymn to Demeter, which I firmly believe do not contain the truth, or at least not the whole truth about the composition of the kykeon.

    As to the Paspalum-ergot hypothesis, I must say at first that I have not come across any reference about the ingestion of C. paspali by man, either accidentally or on purpose. It is only known that a neurological disorder, Dalligrass poisoning also called "paspalum staggers", occurs when cattle graze Paspalum dilatatum infected with the fungus Claviceps paspali (COLE & AL., 1977; SPRINGER & CLARDY, 1980; GALLAGHER, LEUTWILER & AL., 1980). Clinical signs of paspalum staggers are tremors, which are exaggerated by enforced movement, hyperexcitability and ataxia. Mortalities from the disease are generally caused by accident or inability of affected animals to obtain water. Affected animals generally recover from the disease if removed from the toxic pasture.

    At least five tremorgenic substances were isolated from Claviceps paspali, three of them were named as paspaline, paspalicine and paspalinine. With the Paspalum-ergot hypothesis there are two possibilities:

    1) The paspali metabolites, which are soluble in most organic solvents (COLE ET AL., 1977), are not water soluble, or at least not in a sufficient grade to have been extracted in the kykeon. If these alkaloids accumulate mostly intracellurarly in oleosomes as do ergopeptides in Claviceps purpurea, then it is reasonable to conclude that they were not in the kykeon in toxic quantities.

    2) If the paspali metabolites are water soluble and accumulate mostly extracellularly like simple Iysergic acid derivatives and clavines, it would mean that the kykeon must have been tremorgenic at least. There is, of course, some possibility that the paspali alkaloids produce toxic symptoms only in cattle and mice, but this is to my opinion extremely low possibility.

    I would not consider the conclusion made by HOFMANN by analogy with Mexican preparations of seeds of Convolvulaceae as a convincing proof, which, I think, can come only through the ingestion of the ergot of Paspalum infusion. Until either barley-ergot or Paspalum-ergot part of the WASSON/HOFMANN/RUCK theory, or for that matter any theory or hypothesis that tries to explain a phenomenon and can be experimentally proved, is rendered proven in this way, it is equally legitimate though not equally plausible, to hold any explanation as convincing (CASTI, 1990). To my knowledge there has been not a single attempt to ingest water soaked ergot with other putative ingredients that would simulate the kykeon in a controlled environment. What can be found aplenty in some writings are explanations of ways, more or less very complicated, of how ergot could be ingested safely. It is this discrepancy between theoretical discourse and the lack of experimental evidence that my criticism is aimed at in the first place. No wonder then that due to the lack of hard data some recent work on the Eleusinian mysteries denies any psychoactivity of the kykeon (FOLEY, 1994), or does not mention the kykeon at all (GOLDHILL 1993).

6
    In both hypotheses of the WASSON/HOFMANN/RUCK Eleusinian theory we have a verifiable scientific hypothesis, but which seems that it cannot be verified at no costs and dangers for experimental human subjects. It would be difficult to comply with all moral as well as methodological requirements that are required by a scientific experiment with human subjects (cf. SHERIDAN, 1976; CRAIG & METZE, 1979; SHULGIN & SHULGIN, 1993), which means among other things that one self-experiment (although better than none) cannot have general scientific validity. In what direction should the future research proceed in elucidating more thoroughly the action of the discussed possible ingredients of the kykeon, among them primarily ergot of Paspalum? In the first place sound models of its working in animals must be obtained (I hope no member of animal rights groups is reading this). If the animal research indicates that the toxicity of the Paspalum-ergot infusion can be tolerated in estimated psychedelic dosage in man, then I see for a very curious researcher only to proceed with self-experimentation as described in SHULGIN'S Pihkal (1991): to start with obviously insufficient doses, and gradually making the dosage larger until either the toxic or psychedelic effects render it sufficient.

    But if future research shows that ergot could hardly be the mystical ingredient of the Eleusinian mysterious mixture, some other psychoactive plants must be supposed to substitute it. I agree with ROBERT GRAVES and TERENCE McKENNA that there exists also reasonable possibility that psilocybian mushrooms might have helped to produce the astonishment and ecstasy in ancient initiates, who ascribed to the Eleusinian mysteries a veritable transcendental quality. Of course, there may exist other interactions among psychoactive plants that we are not aware of today, but the information about them was no secret to a priest clan in ancient Greece. Will we know one day once and for all what was the essence of the sacred drink at Eleusis? Maybe, if there is a sealed vessel, buried deep under the ruins of the telesterion near today's Elefsina, waiting still to be unearthed.

I am indebted to Albert Hofmann, Jonathan Ott, Christian Rätsch and Alexander Shulgin for their help and critical comments.

References

Bigwood, J., Ott, J., Thompson, C. & Neely, P.
1979 Entheogenic effects of ergonovine. Journal of Psychedelic Drugs, Vol. 11 (1-2) Jan-Jun 1979 (1 47-1 49)

Casti, J.L.
1990 Paradigms Lost: Tackling the unanswered mysteries of modern science. Avon Books, New York

Cole, J.R. & al.
1977 Paspalum staggers: Isolation and identification of tremorgenic metabolites from sclerotia of Claviceps paspali. J. Agric Food Chem., Vol.25, No. 5, (1197-1201)

Craig, J.R. & Metze, L.P.
1979 Methods of Psychological Research. W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia

Foley, H.P. (Ed.)
1994 The Homeric Hymn to Demeter: Translation, commentary, and interpretive essays. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

Gallagher, R.T., Leutwiler, A. & al.
1980 Paspalinine, a tremorgenic metabolite from Claviceps paspali, Stevens et Hall. Tetrahedron Letters, Vol. 21, Pergamon Press Ltd. (235-238)

Goldhill, S.: Greece; in: Willis, R. (Ed.)
1993 World Mythology. Simon & Schuster, London

Graves, R.
1992 The Greek Myths (Combined edition). Penguin Books, London

Hofmann, A.
1983 LSD-My Problem Child: Reflections on sacred drugs, mysticism, and science. Jeremy P. Tarcher, Inc., Los Angeles

Hofmann, A.
1994 personal communication

Kerenyi, K.
1962 De Mysterien von Eleusis. Rhein-Verlag, Zurich

McKenna, T.
1992 Food of the Gods: The search for the original tree of knowledge. Rider, London

Ott, J.
1993 Pharmacotheon: Entheogenic drugs, their plant sources and history. Natural Products Co Kennewick, WA

Ott, J.
1994 personal communication

Ott, J. & Neely, P.
1980 Entheogenic (hallucinogenic) effects of methylergonovine. Journal of Psychedelic Drugs, Vol. 12(2) Apr-Jun 1980 (165-166)

Rätsch, Ch.
1992 The Dictionary of Sacred and Magical Plants. Prism-Unity, Bridport, Dorset

Ripinsky-Naxon, M. 1993 The Nature of Shamanism: Substance and function of a religious metaphor. State University of New York Press, Albany

Ruck, C.A.P.
1981 Mushrooms and philosophers. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 4, (179-205)
1983 The offerings from the Hyperboreans. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 8,1983 (177-207)

Sankar, D.V.S.
1975 LSD-A Total Study. PJD Publications, Westbury, NY

Sheridan, Ch.L.
1976 Fundamentals of Experimental Psychology (2nd ed.). Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York

Shulgin, A.
1994 personal communication

Shulgin, A.T. & Shulgin, A.
1991 Pihkal: A chemical love story. Transform Press, Berkeley
1993 Barriers to Research; in: Rätsch, Ch. & Baker, J.R. (Eds.): Jahrbuch für Ethnomedizin und Bewusstseinsforschung 2. Verlag fur Wissenschaft und Bildung, Berlin

Springer, J.P. & Clardy, J.
1980 Paspaline and paspalicine, two indole-mevalonate metabolites from Claviceps paspali. Tetrahedron Letters, Vol. 21, Pergamon Press Ltd. (231-234)

Valendid, Ivan
1993 Mistery elevzinskih misterijev. Razgledi 18(1001), 30f

Wasson, R.G., Hofmann, A. & Ruck, C.A.P.
1978 The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the secret of the mysteries. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York

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First modern recorded trip report with claviceps paspali infected paspalum distichum grass from reddit ergot group:

Posted by
u/Gu1l7y5p4rk

2 years ago

C. Paspalum (dilatatum/distichum) Trip Report

I microdose lsa/h from heavenly blue morning glory. Have been for years. I've been interested in the fungi, to an extreme extent. Needless to say I was turned onto another source of this fungi.

Easily accessible as it were to be, paspalum was being mowed everyday. I've spent a few months offhandedly skimming information about this plant. Past few days ergot has been showing, in all it's flourescencent orange glory. So I picked some.

250ml Ice cold distilled water 6 stems with seed heads Protected from light and heat I Added materials into cold water and froze it for 4hrs. Then let it sit at a room temp of 68-72f for an additional 12hrs. Agitated 6 times during the process. Strained through double coffee filter. Consumed a few hours later. Water was clear, no taste.

I drank approximately a quarter of the bottle and started my timer. Within 30 minutes an all too familiar lysergic trip had started to come and go in waves. About 2hrs in and I had half opaque tracers, slight time dilation, and an akwardness about my motor functions. I could meditate in near dark and outlines would drift off a little, or overlap.

It was at this point that I had decided that based off the lucidness, but also lack of complexity of the visuals that I had stumbled upon traditional lsa or a similiar fashioned derivitave.

At 3hr40mins in the initial trip, I drank about twice my original dose. Ate applesauce before and after. I shouldn't have doubled the dose as I had things to do today but luckily I was able to cancel out in high fashion.

Needless to say that since the re-dose, this is one of the most clean and consistent trips I've had in recent memory. At one point I was standing on my back porch(wood) and it and the concrete slab beneath it melted together. House siding sliding up in a stepping fashion, then wiggling and bulging. Full and deeply colorful tracers off my hands.

I've had no noticeable vasoconstriction. It's now 11hrs37mins since original dose. Things are still very pretty. Hanging around the plateau it seems. I think the second dose extended the plateau.

10/10 Would Recommend.

editors note: would only recommend next time extracting with cold acidified water brew (acidified to around ph=4 using lemon juice, crushed vitamin C, or a tiny dash of DL tartaric acid (my preference, use $7 ebay PH meter to adjust, do not go below ph=4 when using DL tartaric acid), this way the high levels of LSH (lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide) in the fresh claviceps paspali and fresh morning glory will not decompose to LSA.

The labile LSH decomposes to LSA in neutral (plain water), when heated, or in alkaline water, but it is quite stable indefinitely in cold acidic environments (such as acidified water, wine (already at ph=4), etc. LSH is very similar to LAE-32 in TIHKAL, where human experiments were done, very active starting at 1.5mg, remarked to be "LSD-like". Animal tests all point to LSH being an active psychedelic and it is indeed the closest thing to LSD found in nature, far closer than d-ergine (LSA). Owsley claims Hoffman himself told him that LAOH is very LSD-like. I totally agree.
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Traditionally (e.g. as reported from Wasson) they only soaked the mushed morning glory seeds briefly in water, then strained and immediately drank. However, as noted Page 515 "Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants" Christian Ratsch: "The fresh or dried morning glory seeds normally are added to alcoholic drinks (sugarcane liquor; c. alcohol), tepache (maize beer, chicha), and balche' (Schultes 1941, 37)."

Even Hermes and Nogal (both extracted 400 to 500 seeds into cold acidic water using a squirt of lemon juice) both reported EXTREMELY VISUAL MG trip reports:

(1) Hermes (the Lycaeum) "Saw strong 4D lattice-like open eye visuals and warping and melting of furniture with only 400 seeds. There are around 32 to 36 seeds to a gram. I see amazing three and seemingly four-dimensional shapes morphing and bifurcating. Often I get religious and esoteric themed visuals, like fractal cherub wings and winged eyes like those in some of Alex Grey's work. Eyes are all over everything. I see pyramids and sphinxes and Gigeresque biomechanical forms. I see amazing geometric lattice structures. I watch mathematical space-filling algorithms doing their thing, all of this with nothing more than 500 seeds.

I grind the seeds in coffee grinder to a fairly fine consistency, but not to the point of being powder. The hulls should remain somewhat course, while the lighter colored inner stuff is pretty much powder. I then put this stuff into one or several empty tea bags. Don't overfill one. If the bags are small, use several. Next, put the bag(s) into a full glass of cold distilled water (w/squirt of lemon juice to acidify water beforehand) and use a spoon to press on them and make sure they are well-saturated with water. Let sit for 10 minutes in a cool dark place.

Use spoon to squeeze and agitate the bag against side of glass some more to get more stuff out. Don't press too hard or you will break the bag and get seed mush into the water, which is undesirable. Leave for 10 more minutes. Squeeze again. Leave for 10 minutes. Squeeze.

Remove bags after squeezing most of the water from them into the glass. You can suck on the bags if you want to get more stuff. I don't generally do this. Discard bags. Drink water."

(2) Nogal (the Nook) "Yes I know of someone who tried the CWE method with the Heavenly Blue variety, except with the substitution of a coffee grinder in place of a stone metate (I think that's what is called but I could be wrong), and a squirt of lemon in the water, with around 400-500 seeds. Closed and open eyed visuals were extremely breath taking. Some of the most prominent visions were of Aztec/Mayan glyphic patterns, a menacing and demonic technicolor nymph made of light who tried to seduce the viewer, and this bizare trail of energy spheres which each contained a different stylized animal form (again definately of Aztec/Mayan origin).

(3) Erowid report: "400 older dried seeds is similar to a little less than one hit LSD. 400 fresh off vine is like about 2 or three hits."

(4) Myself: 500ml cold spring water acidified to Ph=4 with tiny dash of DL tartaric acid extract on 400 fresh off the vine dark hard seeds grown all spring & summer & early fall in mixture of 3/4 miracle grow to 1/4 cow manure compost, all from garden store, with couple handful of perlite mixed in for drainage. Fertilized only once per month with 1 tablespoon miracle grow crystals added to 1 gallon of water = fed only once per month. Watered nearly daily during hot summer months, but only every few days during cooler spring and fall. Plants got 5 hours morning sun and several hours of afternoon sun until about 2 pm, they received shade from 2pm onwards, during hottest part of day. If leaves wilt due to hot direct sun, no big deal, they recover and return to normal perkiness next morning.

1) Late fall harvested seeds (stored in freezer to preserve high LSH potency indefinitely) pre-hammered in-between a folded over paper plate, 2) then ground in coffee grinder...3) then 10 minute extraction using cold spring water pre acidified to ph=4 with dash of DL tartaric acid. Performed occasional shaking and swirling of solution of seed mush kept in a jar in the fridge...4) then decanted & filtered cold solution thru cotton ball in a funnel, replace cotton ball when/if it clogs...continue filtering, use 2 funnels side by side, each funnel sits in a jar with a cotton ball, pour solution back and forth between each funnel changing out the cotton ball in each when or if it clogs...once filtered, then added 1 shot of cold sherry wine to solution for 1-acetaldehyde adduction at the NH group nitrogen of the ergolines, and let filtered solution sit in fridge for 3 hours w/swirling once per hour:

"Saw geometric patterns on the surface of everything, with closed eyes, colored vectors spun 360 degrees while traveling from left to right across visual plane. Sounds were not only amplified & music heavenly but audio hallucinations were produced, heavy euphoria component & very strong appreciation for beauty. Remember watching Scarlett Johansson interview on a small television and melting into the seat from her beauty amidst all the breath taking geometrics. Tripped hard as hell."

Note: Extraction now using cold sherry wine only as described in post #1 and post #13.



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Offlinewolf8312
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27064304 - 11/30/20 10:24 AM (3 years, 1 month ago)

Quote:

editors note: would only recommend next time extracting with cold acidified water brew (acidified to around ph=4 using lemon juice, crushed vitamin C, or a tiny dash of DL tartaric acid (my preference, use $7 ebay PH meter to adjust, do not go below ph=4 when using DL tartaric acid), this way the high levels of LSH (lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide) in the fresh claviceps paspali and fresh morning glory will not decompose to LSA.




Gotta try that one day but with HBWR. Is the experience as mind blowing as with the full spectrum or raw seed experience? I never had good results with extracts. Still difficult to buy these things online these days as they never accept credit/debit cards.


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Offlinetregar
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: wolf8312]
    #27070508 - 12/03/20 06:24 PM (3 years, 1 month ago)

wolf8312, good question, the thread is continued here:

https://mycotopia.net/topic/110273-new-research-morning-glory-contains-5-stimulating-lsd-like-drugs-soluble-only-in-winealcohol-only-sparingly-soluble-in-water/page-2

New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble in water.
Started By tregar, Nov 14 2020 10:22 PM


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Offlinetregar
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27080169 - 12/09/20 09:47 AM (3 years, 1 month ago)

I also grow morning glory on a fence that receives morning sun and a few hours of afternoon sun, Coorsmikey grows them on a fence as well if you look back at end of morning glory grow thread.

If you look closely, you can see the eyelet screws (*almart hundreds of them in hardware section for cheap) spaced 7" apart horizontally, and clear fishing string strung between the eyelet screws, so that the morning glory can grow on the fence easily. You can also see the remnants of the dried seeds pods that produced the black hard seeds I picked. Next year I'm growing pearly gates on this fence as the 1975 study found double the alkaloids of heavenly blue. The fence works great as the vine fills the entire fence with attractive flowers from bottom to top. At the bottom, I simply dug into the earth and created a mix of 3/4 miracle grow to 1/4 cow manure compost along with some earth added back in along with a handful or so of perlite for drainage.

The application of NPK fertilizer (miracle grow) + composted cattle manure increased crop yield by 48.9% compared to NPK fertilizer alone ---> from 2017 Frontiers in Microbiology, 05 Sept 2017 "Composted Cattle Manure Increases Microbial Activity and Soil Fertility." Some users report that their plants grew three times in size once they added miracle grow soil to their existing potting soil.

For highest lysergic acid amide content in the seeds, it is recommended to add 1 tablespoon miracle grow powder to one gallon watering can with spout and feed only once per month during growing season. Fresh picked off the vine seeds are best. Vaccum pack and freeze freshly picked seeds or seeds bought direct from grower to preserve their high LSH potency indefinitely, as LSH decomposes over time to LSA naturally if not temp controlled. LSH also decomposes in neutral (plain water), when heated or in alkaline water. Therefore extract into acidified water or wine (already at ph=4). There can be up to a 16 fold variation in the psychoactive potency of seeds, as the species has a range between .005% and .079% total indole alkaloids. Use good soil with fertilizing once a month for highest psychoactive potency.

From "The Elixir: an Alchemical Study of the Ergot Mushrooms":
Quote:

The ancient civilization of Greece centered around the religious ceremonies conducted annually in the Eleusinian temple in Athens. According to Aristotle, the mystery at Eleusis was something experienced rather than something learned. There were two rituals performed at Eleusis, the first was the "Lesser Mystery," in which the participants were given a libation of wine containing ergot, and the "Greater Mystery," during which the initiates were given wine containing ergot, and experienced a collective vision of the Mother Goddess Persephone.



ALBERT HOFMANN writes in his contribution to The Road to Eleusis that this finding may prove to be of the utmost importance in considering WASSON'S question: the main alkaloids isolated from claviceps paspali ergot of Paspalum distichum grass (seldom growing on barley) are the same as those found in the ancient Mexican sacred drug ololiuqui, i.e. ergine and Lysergic acid Hydroxyethylamide (LSH). In his opinion the Paspalum-ergot hypothesis is much more probable than the barley-ergot hypothesis, as it is well established that these alkaloids have psychedelic activity. In the psychedelic usage of seeds of Convolvulaceae he sees the convincing proof that the Paspalum-ergot hypothesis is tenable (HOFMANN, 1994).

Several papers published in the 1960's (see post #24) show claviceps paspali ergot produces not only large amounts of the stimulating LSH but also a handful of other stimulating LSD like alkaloids just like the Mexican morning glory: penniclavine, agroclavine, elymoclavine, chanoclavine. These alkaloids all work together using teamwork to hit most of the same receptors LSD hits, along with 5 new ones (5 more adrenal receptors) that LSD does not even target:

Thomas S. Ray, Psychedelics and the Human Receptorome (2010):
hxxp://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0009019
Breadth of Receptor Binding, 4.00=max (off the charts), 0.00=min, X.XX=receptor is hit but we don't have strength data.

LSD: 5ht1a = 3.73, LSH: = 0.00, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 2.88, mescaline = 3.61, 5-meo-DMT: = 4.00 (make up >80% of brain 5-ht)
LSD: 5ht1b = 4.00, LSH: = 0.00, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 2.19, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.41
LSD: 5ht1d = 3.70, LSH: = 0.00, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 3.91, psilocin = 3.40, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 3.48
LSD: 5ht1e = 2.62, LSH: = 0.00, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 3.28, psilocin = 3.03, mescaline = 3.16, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.72
LSD: 5ht2a = 3.54, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 2.58, psilocin = 2.14, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.98
LSD: 5ht2b = 3.11, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 3.91, psilocin = 4.00, mescaline = 3.97, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.69 (sensual & entactogenic)
LSD: 5ht2c = 3.11, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 3.42, psilocin = 2.52, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.55
LSD: 5ht5a = 3.64, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 3.16, psilocin = 2.83, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.84
LSD: -5ht6 = 3.75, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 3.35, psilocin = 2.82, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.73
LSD: -5ht7 = 3.77, LSH: = 0.00, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 4.00, psilocin = 2.82, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 3.69 (novelty, newness)
LSD: ---D1 = 2.34, LSH: = 0.00, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 3.51, psilocin = 3.37, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 2.38
LSD: -A-2A = 2.93, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 2.75, psilocin = 1.36, mescaline = 2.92, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.00 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2a)
LSD: -A-2B = 0.00, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 3.53, psilocin = 1.57, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.86 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2b)
LSD: -A-2C = 0.00, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 3.53, psilocin = 1.03, mescaline = 4.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 1.57 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2c)
LSD: -A-2D = 0.00, LSH: = 0.00, penniclavine = X.XX, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 0.00, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.00 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a2d)
LSD: -A-1A = 0.00, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 0.00, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.00 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a1a)
LSD: -A-1B = 0.00, LSH: = X.XX, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 0.00, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.00 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a1b)
LSD: -A-1D = 0.00, LSD: = X.XX, penniclavine = 0.00, DMT: = 0.00, psilocin = 0.00, mescaline = 0.00, 5-meo-DMT: = 0.00 (aesthetic/beauty adrenal a1d)


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InvisibleThe Blind Ass
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27081530 - 12/10/20 03:46 AM (3 years, 1 month ago)

:popcorn:

Nice work.


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Offlineimmortalsennin
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Re: New research: Morning glory contains 5 stimulating LSD-like drugs, soluble only in wine/alcohol, only sparingly soluble i... [Re: tregar]
    #27107657 - 12/25/20 04:59 PM (3 years, 1 month ago)

Very informative. Thanks for putting this together.


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