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Offlinesonoramo
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Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons * 1
    #27025193 - 11/06/20 02:48 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)


An Amazonian Tea Containing DMT Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons


By Universidad Complutense de Madrid
November 6, 2020


Link to original story in SciTechDaily.

One of the main natural components of ayahuasca tea is dimethyltryptamine (DMT), which promotes neurogenesis — the formation of new neurons — according to research led by the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).

In addition to neurons, the infusion used for shamanic purposes also induces the formation of other neural cells such as astrocytes and oligodendrocytes.

“This capacity to modulate brain plasticity suggests that it has great therapeutic potential for a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases,” explained José Ángel Morales, a researcher in the UCM and CIBERNED Department of Cellular Biology.

The study, published in Translational Psychiatry, a Nature Research journal, reports the results of four years of in vitro and in vivo experimentation on mice, demonstrating that these exhibit “a greater cognitive capacity when treated with this substance,” according to José Antonio López, a researcher in the Faculty of Psychology at the UCM and co-author of the study.
Changing the receptor eliminates the hallucinogenic effect

Ayahuasca is produced by mixing two plants from the Amazon: the ayahuasca vine (Banisteriopsis caapi) and the chacruna shrub (Psychotria viridis).

The DMT in ayahuasca tea binds to a type-2A serotonergic brain receptor, which enhances its hallucinogenic effect. In this study, the receptor was changed to a sigma type receptor that does not have this effect, thus “greatly facilitating its future administration to patients.”

In neurodegenerative diseases, it is the death of certain types of neuron that causes the symptoms of pathologies such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Although humans have the capacity to generate new neuronal cells, this depends on several factors and is not always possible.

“The challenge is to activate our dormant capacity to form neurons and thus replace the neurons that die as a result of the disease. This study shows that DMT is capable of activating neural stem cells and forming new neurons,” concluded Morales.

Reference: “N,N-dimethyltryptamine compound found in the hallucinogenic tea ayahuasca, regulates adult neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo” by Jose A. Morales-Garcia, Javier Calleja-Conde, Jose A. Lopez-Moreno, Sandra Alonso-Gil, Marina Sanz-SanCristobal, Jordi Riba and Ana Perez-Castillo, 28 September 2020, Translational Psychiatry.

DOI: 0.1038/s41398-020-01011-0


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InvisiblePsychoReactive
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Re: Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons [Re: sonoramo]
    #27025352 - 11/06/20 04:32 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Oh no big pharma won't allow that. :douchewink:



But that is similar to the way psilocybin affects brain cells, very cool.


Edited by PsychoReactive (11/06/20 06:50 PM)


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InvisibleHolybullshit
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Re: Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons [Re: PsychoReactive] * 2
    #27025655 - 11/06/20 07:44 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

I really wish they could either distinguish the effects of all the constituents of ayahausca or demonstrate that they must be consumed together.

Quote:

The DMT in ayahuasca tea binds to a type-2A serotonergic brain receptor, which enhances its hallucinogenic effect. In this study, the receptor was changed to a sigma type receptor that does not have this effect, thus “greatly facilitating its future administration to patients.”




What is meant by "changed to a sigma type"?

edit: looked up the study...apparently sigma antagonists block the neurogenic effects. That could mean that sigma agonism is responsible and ht2a activation is unnecessary, or it could just mean that activation of both receptors is necessary.

I would like to see DMT administered alongside ht2a antagonists and see what affect that has on the observed neurogenesis before coming to the conclusion that it is sigma mediated.

But, the sigma aspect of the whole thing makes me wonder about the affect of taking sigma antagonists like progesterone long term.


Edited by Holybullshit (11/06/20 08:01 PM)


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Invisiblebreeg89
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Registered: 05/04/11
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Re: Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons [Re: Holybullshit]
    #27025712 - 11/06/20 08:36 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

^ Thanks for looking up the study to clarify that about the sigma receptors (really unclear wording in the posted summary article).

And yeah, why did they not test to see if 5HT2A antagonists block the neurogenic effect? They say sigma receptors are established regulators of neurogenesis, so it makes sense they'd focus on that. But ruling out any effect from 5HT2A agonism seems important too. They also talk about similar neurogenic activity for beta-carbolines. Really cool study. Here's a link to the original paper too, which is open access: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-020-01011-0


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InvisibleHolybullshit
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Re: Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons [Re: breeg89]
    #27026643 - 11/07/20 11:31 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Quote:

breeg89 said:
They also talk about similar neurogenic activity for beta-carbolines.




This is why I really don't like a lot of the studies on ayahausca...I wish they'd focus on protected DMT analogs, and failing that nail down which constituents of ayahausca are doing what and determine if concurrent administration is necessary or not.


Edited by Holybullshit (11/07/20 11:49 AM)


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Invisiblebreeg89
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Re: Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons [Re: Holybullshit]
    #27028924 - 11/08/20 04:44 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

^ Yeah, studying ayahuasca is great, but you can't get any definitive mechanistic insight without studying DMT and beta-carbolines as discrete compounds.

Sigma receptor agonism by DMT is interesting in itself too, since lots of psychoactive drugs agonize this receptor (namely dissociatives like PCP and dextromethorphan). I wonder what the DMT experience would be like in the presence of sigma antagonist vs 5HT2A antagonist.

From what I've read, DMT is unique in terms of agonizing both 5HT2A and sigma receptors -- psilocin and mescaline do not agonize sigma, based on this paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2814854/ . Ibogaine is also a sigma agonist (based on data in the same paper). I haven't seen data for LSD affinity for sigma (the paper I cited didn't test LSD against sigma).

Regardless, it's possible that sigma agonism changes the DMT psychedlic experience relative to other 5HT2A agonizing psychedelics.


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Offlinewhenmistweeps


Registered: 05/12/20
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Re: Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons [Re: PsychoReactive]
    #27029178 - 11/08/20 08:06 PM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Quote:

PsychoReactive said:
Oh no big pharma won't allow that. :douchewink:



But that is similar to the way psilocybin affects brain cells, very cool.



i think its lions mane that does the same thing, and using both is even better for the effect?

edit found this: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24266378/

                https://nootropicsexpert.com/lions-mane/


--------------------
When I think of all the worries that people seem to find
And how they're in a hurry to complicate their minds
By chasing after money and dreams that can't come true
I'm glad that we are different we've better things to do
May others plan their future I'm busy loving you
"I saw four angels standing at the four corners of the earth"
How many corners does a sphere have?
"Love does not gloat over other people's sins but takes its delight in the truth"


Edited by whenmistweeps (11/08/20 08:13 PM)


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InvisibleHolybullshit
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Re: Ayahuasca Stimulates the Formation of New Brain Neurons [Re: breeg89]
    #27029698 - 11/09/20 07:28 AM (3 years, 2 months ago)

Quote:

breeg89 said:
From what I've read, DMT is unique in terms of agonizing both 5HT2A and sigma receptors -- psilocin and mescaline do not agonize sigma, based on this paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2814854/ . Ibogaine is also a sigma agonist (based on data in the same paper). I haven't seen data for LSD affinity for sigma (the paper I cited didn't test LSD against sigma).





That's interesting, I didn't know that. LOTS of drugs have sigma affinity, so I'd be a little surprised to hear most DMT analogs don't, but if psilocin doesn't...that could potentially be a pretty distinguishing feature differentiating DMT from other psychadelics.

edit: While obviously not exhaustive, I was able to find some data concerning sigma affinity for other psychadelics.

Sigma1: 3.95 TMA, 3.05 4C-T-2, 2.90 DPT, 2.83 DIPT, 2.55 ibogaine, 2.23 DMT, 2.15 5-MeO-DIPT, 2.10 MEM, 1.83 Aleph-2, 1.73 DOI, 1.57 6-F-DMT, 1.25 DOB, 1.19 2C-T-2, 1.17 DOET;

0.00: 2C-B, mescaline, 5-MeO-MIPT, DOM, 2C-B-fly, 5-MeO-DMT, psilocin;

ND: 2C-E, lisuride, MDA, TMA-2, LSD, cis-2a, MDMA, SS-2c, 5-MeO-TMT, EMDT, RR-2b, salvinorin A, morphine, THC

Sigma2: 4.00 ibogaine, 3.95 TMA, 2.65 DIPT, 2.64 5-MeO-DIPT, 2.13 5-MeO-MIPT, 2.04 DPT, 1.70 DOI, 1.56 6-F-DMT, 1.18 DOET;

0.00: 2C-T-2, 2C-E, mescaline, 2C-B, DOB, Aleph-2, MEM, 4C-T-2, DOM, DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, 2C-B-fly, psilocin;

ND: lisuride, MDA, TMA-2, LSD, cis-2a, MDMA, SS-2c, 5-MeO-TMT, EMDT, RR-2b, salvinorin A, morphine, THC

Interestingly, there are a lot of anecdotal reports of 5-meo-dipt of being useful as both an antidepressant and for microdosing...of course the same can be said for psilo.


Edited by Holybullshit (11/09/20 08:21 AM)


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