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OfflineAlan RockefellerM
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New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms * 1
    #26635481 - 04/28/20 09:45 PM (3 years, 8 months ago)

Today I came across this new paper on the alkaloids in psilocybin mushrooms, published in February 2020.

They suggest that baeocystin might not be psychoactive according to animal and cell culture assays, though Paul Stamets says he tried 10 mg and it did something.  "Baeocystin has been detected alongside psilocybin in some varieties of mushrooms in concentrations substantial enough to be potentially physiologically relevant, up to about one-third the relative concentration of psilocybin."

In this study, alkaloids were purified using flash column chromatography and tested for activity using 5-HT2A receptor functional assays. 

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01061 ;

Full text: https://sci-hub.tw/https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01061


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InvisibleBlazer420
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Re: New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms [Re: Alan Rockefeller]
    #26635491 - 04/28/20 09:49 PM (3 years, 8 months ago)

Very interesting read. Thanks for the links :super:


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InvisibleZombi3
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Re: New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms [Re: Alan Rockefeller]
    #26635514 - 04/28/20 09:57 PM (3 years, 8 months ago)

Interesting I was actually just talking about this with someone the other day, this is a perfect link to show them. Great read honestly. Thanks for sharing!


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Offline24sevenZed
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Re: New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms [Re: Zombi3]
    #26635675 - 04/28/20 11:57 PM (3 years, 8 months ago)

Seems that there are two factors that make these compounds able to both cross metabolic barriers (in humans, at least) and provide action at 5-HT2 receptors: the position 4 functionalization on the indole ring and the second amination. And - they might both play a role in both parts, when you think about DMT.

Since, according to this paper, norpsilocin (the dephosphorylated analog of baeocystin) is technically _more_ active than psilocin, at least in assay:

“Taken collectively, the HTR data and 5-HT2A functional experiments would imply that baeocystin’s lack of CNS activity is possibly related to pharmacokinetics but not lack of activity at 5-HT2A receptors.”

Put this together with the recent paper about mushrooms also producing betacarbolines and you get more evidence for a very wide variation in psychoactive effects across species... in theory? I haven’t actually read that paper though, yet.

EDIT: meant second methylation


Edited by 24sevenZed (04/29/20 12:01 AM)


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OfflineMycoactive
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Re: New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms [Re: 24sevenZed]
    #26637615 - 04/29/20 08:27 PM (3 years, 8 months ago)

There are also 5-HT2A receptors in the peripheral nervous system, so it's possible (as the author's mention) that norpsilocin is activating those receptors. I'm curious if activating these receptors on peripheral neurons could induce some type of psychoactive effects by influencing neurotransmission in the CNS.


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OfflineMoria841
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Re: New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms [Re: Mycoactive]
    #26637668 - 04/29/20 09:01 PM (3 years, 8 months ago)

It's also very possible that baeocystin itself is not active, but instead is a prodrug for a different trypamine that is converted by some enzyme. This would explain why 5-HT2A assays didn't detect activity, but ingestion did


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InvisiblePsilosadhu
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Re: New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms [Re: Moria841]
    #26637725 - 04/29/20 09:38 PM (3 years, 8 months ago)

Interesting


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OfflineHSapiensAmericanus
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Re: New Paper: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tryptamines Found in Hallucinogenic Mushrooms [Re: Psilosadhu]
    #26638001 - 04/30/20 12:46 AM (3 years, 8 months ago)

Be interesting to know If the results change if they figured out the pharmacokinetics problem, but then again to figure that out it likely would end up a different tryptamine altogether. Maybe if they could piggy-back it on adrenaline or something similar and fast acting  to excite the CNS and receptor uptake. Skydiving on MAOI’s and baeocystine might be a trip...

I only skimmed. Forgive me if I am missing something important.


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