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Industrial Mycologist Registered: 12/05/17 Posts: 224 Loc: Florida Last seen: 4 years, 9 months |
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Hello class!
I'm professor Mycelium Man. However I'll accept all of the following. TMM PMM Mr. Man Mr. Myc Prof. Mycelium Teach... etc... you get the jist. In this thread you will receive weekly or sometimes biweekly lessons, links, passages, text lectures, and articles. Also i will attempt to have ready an optional assignment for every post that i would like for you all to complete and submit to the thread. Some of my education back ground: I spent 4 years at an un-named college and received my bachelors in Evolutionary Anthropology. My minor was in paleontology. I've been studying everything from cladograms to conditional invirmonmental effect that influence natural selection since I was an early teen. I've alway been fascinated by biology and especially ancient creatures of all sorts, but when i hit my teens something struck me about us humans. Since then I've filled my mind with vast amounts of knowledge on the subject that i wish to speak to you all about here. So without further wait... here is a basic outline of what i hope to accomplish. A sort of lesson plan if you wlll. Keep in mind this class is somewhat on the fly (though i will be stiking to it) so this plan may be subject to muh change. Each Chapter may have many sections, BUT i will try to spend no more than 6 weeks on one chapter no matter how long. (no promises) Ch.1 What is Evolutionary Anthropology? Ch.2 What is Systematic Phylogenetics? Ch.3 What is the Origin Of Life? Ch.4 What s Evo Devo? Ch.5 What is a Theory? Ch.6 What are Extinction Events? Please feel free to suggest more topics for chapters as i will also do so however any chapters i add i will edit into this first post as well i will also change my signature to the table of contents and a link to the lesson page. All should be aware that SOME topics that SOME people may or may not find controversial (for example the origin of race). Dont be offended for this is merely science. Creationists be warned: you may learn a lot of things by reading this thread. Please use Usernames when speaking to a peer or myself. Thank you. -------------------- Science can and will solve all of our problems. Science denial will destroy the world as we know it. Edited by TheMycMan (01/17/18 04:31 PM)
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Industrial Mycologist Registered: 12/05/17 Posts: 224 Loc: Florida Last seen: 4 years, 9 months |
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Currently working on chapter one What is Evo Anthro. Will post it soon. Experiencing technical difficulties right now (girlfriend needs the pc for homework) but I will post section one of chapter one 'Defining Terms' as soon as she is done.
Edit: okay well I fell asleep and she never got off so I will be uploading the lesson tonight with no other delays. Sorry for the wait -------------------- Science can and will solve all of our problems. Science denial will destroy the world as we know it. Edited by TheMycMan (01/17/18 09:10 AM)
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Industrial Mycologist Registered: 12/05/17 Posts: 224 Loc: Florida Last seen: 4 years, 9 months |
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Chaperter One: What is Evolutionary Anthropology?
Section One: Defining Terms. Evolution by the process of natural selection is the theory which explains the vast number of different species that live on our planet, ourselves included. All life on Earth is subject to environmental factors that will influence the likelihood of those organisms survival. As simple as I can put it, if an organism survives due to a genetic trait and/or dies due to a genetic trait, the organism that survives will reproduce and thus pass on its genes to its offspring. These genes are subject to mutation during the developement or gestational period at the begining of its life (However there are of course exceptions when speaking of mutations.). Mutations don't happen 100% of the time and are not the only way a genome can be subjected to gaining or losing traits. Some unfamiliar genes can be passed to offspring when the parent organisms have a low genetic diversity between each other and therefore share fewer genes. When a population has a high genetic diversity changes are more limted to mutations as these inherited traits are already possesed by almost all members of that population. When a very high genetic diversity is experienced by said population the rate at which evolution occurs slows dramatically until a mutation happens at a high number within a segregated portion of the population. Eventually the number of mutations within this sub-population leads to a genetic difference great enough that the two populations can no longer produce fertile offspring between each other, this is when speciation occurs and the two populations can no longer be referred to as the same. By this process it can be deduced that most if not every lifeform shares a common ancestor and 'some' percentage of genes. This process can take as little as days for something as small as a fruit fly, and can take millions or sometimes billions of years to for certain genomes as we know them to form. At its core the simplified meaning of evolution itself can be reduced to: change in life over time. Anthropology is the scientific study conducted to esablish the biology, physiology, phylogeny, evolution, and cultural atributes of peoples in all of human history (This class will focus on all but the latter of those sub-sections listed.). This is not to be confused with archeology which is a study that more so focuses on field discovery and excavation of ancient societies and the relics and ruins that they left behind. A field archiologist may also be a field anthropologist, however a field anthropologist would either study the existing cultures and their practices which are unique to them (be it their beliefs, habbits, rituals and the like) or if they are focused on ancient humans the anthropologist will discover, study, and recover the fossils,or bones and determine the biological features of the human or hominid creature. The Process of Evolution by Natural Selection is a theory that explains the way life has become so diverse and continues to diversify. It is very important to understand that a theory is a scientific and demostrable explanation used to explain facts. All theories are supported by mounds of evidence and are widely if not completely accepted by the scientific community to be fact. A theory is the second highest ranking among the systems used to describe natural phenomena in the known universe. It is only second to scientific law, however these two concepts work in completely different ways. A scientific law can usually be explained and proven using logical dedcutions and is usually accompanied by a mathematcal equation amoung other things and can be demonstrated to be unchanging in accordence with reality. On the other hand a theory is subject to change and always will change to fit the data and evidence that complies with its specific study. As always science is subject to humility and thus any ideas or explainations brought up that do not meet the proper scrutony are referred to as hypothesies which can become a theory when tested, recorded, peer reviewed, replicated, challenged, and finally demonstrated to be the absolute best explaination for the subject it tackles. As science is always Evolving, corrections are key and sources are king. If anything is discussed in this class that is wrong or misinformed feel free to let me or the poster of the mistake know of the mistake on this lesson page. However if you can't provide a source then understand that your correction will be under heavy scrutony until a source can be found. Of course feel free to ask many questions pertaining to anything you like and I will respond as quickly as possible. If you PM me with a question then I will respond through PM but if it pertains to the topic enough that I feel your peers will be able to learn from it then I will be posting the conversation in the thread. If this page challenges your political or religious beliefs and you feel offended then simply stop reading. I will NOT tolerate attacks on anyones beliefs here. This class will at times require some to "take off their god goggles" in order to understand the science we will be discussing. I know most of you will likely know and understand all the words i've used, however just in case you don't; all underlined words used in the section will be in the chapter vocabular which will follow each section lesson. Also all definisions used in the Glossary are sourced to Bing or Google so that no one can claim that I'm making things up. Glossary: A Ancient: Belonging to the very distant past. Anthropology: the study of humankind, in particular. a.) the comparative study of human societies and cultures and their development. b.) the science of human zoology, evolution, and ecology. B Biology: the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized fields that cover their morphology, physiology, anatomy, behavior, origin, and distribution. C Common Ancestor: In biology, the theory of universal common descent proposes that all organisms on Earth are descended from a common ancestor or ancestral gene pool. Culture: the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group. D Demonstrable: clearly apparent or capable of being logically proved. Development: the process of developing or being developed. See Gestation. E Environmental Factors: Circumstances, influences, stresses, and competitive, cultural, demographic, economic, natural, political, regulatory, and technological factors (called environmental factors) that effect the survival, operations, and growth of an organism. Evolution: the gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form. Excavation: F Fossil: the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock. G Gene: a unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. Genetic: the genetic properties or features of an organism, characteristics. Genetic Diversity: the total number of geneticcharacteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. Genome: the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism. Gestation: the process of carrying or being carried in the womb between conception and birth. H Hominid: a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors and also (in recent systems) at least some of the great apes. Hypothesis: a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. M Mutation: the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes. N Natural Selection: the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution. O Organism: an individual animal, plant, fungi, or single-celled life form. P Peer Review: evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field. Phenomenon: a fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause or explanation is in question. Phylogeny (Phylogenesis): the evolutionary development and diversification of a species or group of organisms, or of a particular feature of an organism. Population: a community of animals, plants, or humans among whose members interbreeding occurs. R Relics: an object surviving from an earlier time, especially one of historical or sentimental interest. Replicate: a repetition of an experimental test or procedure. Ruins: the remains of a building, typically an old one, that has suffered much damage or disintegration S Science: the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. Scientific Law: a statement of fact, deduced from observation, to the effect that a particular natural or scientific phenomenon always occurs if certain conditions are present. Society: the community of people living in a particular country or region and having shared customs, laws, and organizations. Study: a.) used in the title of an academic subject. b.) a detailed investigation and analysis of a subject or situation. c.) a thing that is or deserves to be investigated; the subject of an individual's study. Sub-population: a subset of a larger population. T Theory: A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment. Such fact-supported theories are not "guesses" but reliable accounts of the real world. At the end of each section will be some links to interesting articles or videos which I think are interestion and pertain to the topic of the class. These links will not always pertain to the section if I at the time can't find something relevent. However in the future if I do find something to add to a section I will simply edit that section and mention in a cliffnote that the edit has been made. Consider the Following: Here is a link to: A video by Crash Course on Youtube about Evolution and Genetics 101 Here is a link to: A video by Aron Ra on Youtube about Explaining Evolution Via Phylogenetics. This is a little long but would make a great introduction to the next chapter which will be What is Phylogenetics? Here is a link to: A video by King Crocoduck on Youtube about the implications of calling science a "social construct". It's very wordy and quite an ear full but he goes into very heavy detail about the proper usages and meanings of the words used by the scientific community and even more specifically in words referring to the use of theory. I honestly recommend you watch this one most despite it bein long and somewhat tedious to follow. Section Lesson: Using your grandparents, parents, and children if you have them, describe three or more traits that each of you share and or don't share. Then compare to see whose traits were passed on through the generations. Please post your results in the thread labelled with the category of family member they fall into. -------------------- Science can and will solve all of our problems. Science denial will destroy the world as we know it. Edited by TheMycMan (01/17/18 09:53 PM)
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Darwin's stagger Registered: 01/05/15 Posts: 10,797 |
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You don't need to add the videos but Lenski's Ecoli Experiment is pretty interesting as it has enabled us to see evolution within a laboratory environment!
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