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InvisiblehTx
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Registered: 03/27/13
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scoot over DNA * 1
    #23719796 - 10/08/16 03:06 PM (7 years, 3 months ago)

This just in ---

http://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(16)31250-8

Quote:


Summary
Prions are a paradigm-shifting mechanism of inheritance in which phenotypes are encoded by self-templating protein conformations rather than nucleic acids. Here, we examine the breadth of protein-based inheritance across the yeast proteome by assessing the ability of nearly every open reading frame (ORF; ∼5,300 ORFs) to induce heritable traits. Transient overexpression of nearly 50 proteins created traits that remained heritable long after their expression returned to normal. These traits were beneficial, had prion-like patterns of inheritance, were common in wild yeasts, and could be transmitted to naive cells with protein alone. Most inducing proteins were not known prions and did not form amyloid. Instead, they are highly enriched in nucleic acid binding proteins with large intrinsically disordered domains that have been widely conserved across evolution. Thus, our data establish a common type of protein-based inheritance through which intrinsically disordered proteins can drive the emergence of new traits and adaptive opportunities.





Basically, they've found that some prions are folding in real-time in response to environmental pressures and bestowing novel beneficial and fully inheritable traits.

Whats more -- http://newsroom.cumc.columbia.edu/blog/2015/07/02/long-term-memories-and-prions/

Prions are key to memory formation.

What does this mean for everything understood about evolution?


--------------------
zen by age ten times six hundred lifetimes
Light up the darkness.


Edited by hTx (10/08/16 03:21 PM)


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InvisibleDividedQuantumM
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Re: scoot over DNA [Re: hTx]
    #23719994 - 10/08/16 04:16 PM (7 years, 3 months ago)

It seems more and more evidence is being discovered all the time that DNA does not operate only via the standard avenues.

and here:
http://www.kurzweilai.net/neurons-constantly-rewrite-their-dna-to-store-information

We see similar effects in the feedback between DNA and the nervous system.

It seems the neo-Darwinists are given more to chew on all the time.


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Vi Veri Universum Vivus Vici


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Invisiblesudly
Darwin's stagger


Registered: 01/05/15
Posts: 10,812
Re: scoot over DNA [Re: DividedQuantum]
    #23720011 - 10/08/16 04:24 PM (7 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

•The traits are transmissible by protein only but do not arise from amyloid fibers




My guess is that the article is describing how traits can be inherited through the epigenome


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I am whatever Darwin needs me to be.



Edited by sudly (10/08/16 04:29 PM)


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InvisibleHobozen
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Re: scoot over DNA [Re: hTx]
    #23720100 - 10/08/16 05:06 PM (7 years, 3 months ago)

Keep doing what you're doing. :thumbup:


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Invisibleredgreenvines
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Re: scoot over DNA [Re: Hobozen]
    #23720166 - 10/08/16 05:43 PM (7 years, 3 months ago)

the procaryotic yeast prion type inheritence is not extremely significant, and it is 100% unrelated to the memory fixation story, although it is interesting in a natural history molecular biology sort of way.

However, the prion like protein story that is involved in long term memory is extremely interesting to me:
Quote:

“When we learn something and form long-term memories, new synaptic connections are made, the soluble prions in those synapses are converted into aggregated prions.




I postulated their (protein aggregation) involvement in 1973 as a method that would work to enable engram formation (memory activation pattern) from experience (the set of simultaneously activated neurons).

Gratifying to see that work is finally being done in that direction.

the wording is inaccurate
those synaptic connections already existed (i.e. potential memory)
the 'prion' aggregation at activated synapses makes that synapse more responsive -i.e. they are not new connections - they are connections that have become more responsive.
subsequent casual activation can then occur where 'prion' aggregation has happened, even if a less than threshold impulse or field impacts that location.

this kind of eager reactivation of engrams
when part of a matching trigger occurs
is the essence of associative memory in context of the physical structure of the brain (and what sensory nerves feed into it), electrical field effects through the dendritic mass, and biochemical effects (synaptic prion aggregation).


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