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Mushroom-Hut Shop: Substrate Mix

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Invisiblemicro
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laccases / oxidation / fruiting relationship * 1
    #22321494 - 10/01/15 10:24 PM (8 years, 3 months ago)

I've been seeing this a lot in more recent articles -- laccases (involved in lignin degredation and apparently removal of some heavy metals) cause oxidative intercellular conditions and this has been associated with fruiting. They didn't go so far as to say there is a relationsip between oxidative conditions and fruiting though I never saw it specifically investigated. I'm wondering if there may be something here...

I guess it makes sense then why increased O2 levels can help induce primordia formation since the superoxide radical is generated via respiration. That's just a guess though; there are of course enzymes (i.e. peroxidases and superoxide dismutase) that help to neutralise this ROS.

Some references to look at in case you are interested:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26411895 ;   (just the abstract is available for free)

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00322.x/full ;   (morels)


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OfflineErthel
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Re: laccases / oxidation / fruiting relationship [Re: micro]
    #22388307 - 10/16/15 01:11 PM (8 years, 3 months ago)

It's very interesting. Unfortunately, the links seem to be broken. Could you provide at least the name of the paper?

Very much appreciated!


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Invisiblemicro
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Re: laccases / oxidation / fruiting relationship [Re: Erthel]
    #22389036 - 10/16/15 03:54 PM (8 years, 3 months ago)



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Offlinemwhtmn
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Re: laccases / oxidation / fruiting relationship [Re: micro]
    #22389044 - 10/16/15 03:55 PM (8 years, 3 months ago)

Thanks for the links.


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InvisibleToadstool5
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Re: laccases / oxidation / fruiting relationship [Re: micro]
    #22389069 - 10/16/15 03:59 PM (8 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

Regulation of intracellular signalling through cysteine oxidation by reactive oxygen species

Hiroaki Miki and
Yosuke Funato

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been regarded as harmful molecules that damage various molecules inside cells by oxidation and are responsible for ageing and various human diseases. However, recent studies have revealed an opposite aspect of ROS that these are actively generated in cells and mediate physiological intracellular signalling as second messengers. Several proteins have been shown to function as effectors for ROS, which are sensitively and reversibly oxidized by ROS. Such ROS-effector proteins commonly possess a highly reactive cysteine (Cys) residue, of which oxidation changes the protein function, thus enabling signal transmission to downstream targets. Among the ROS effectors, protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), thioredoxin (TRX) and peroxiredoxin (PRX) family proteins possess special domains/motifs to maintain the reactivity of Cys and utilize them to respond to ROS. Progressively advancing identification of ROS-effector proteins reveals the pleiotropic functions of ROS in physiological and pathological cell biology.




Quote:

Oxidative state in idiophase links reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lovastatin biosynthesis: Differences and similarities in submerged- and solid-state fermentations

Roxana Uri Miranda Luis Enrique Gómez-Quiroz

Abstract

The present work was focused on finding a relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lovastatin biosynthesis (secondary metabolism) in Aspergillus terreus. In addition, an effort was made to find differences in accumulation and control of ROS in submerged (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF), which could help explain higher metabolite production in the latter. sod1 expression, ROS content, and redox balance kinetics were measured during SmF and SSF. Results showed that A. terreus sod1 gene (oxidative stress defence enzyme) was intensely expressed during rapid growth phase (trophophase) of lovastatin fermentations. This high expression decreased abruptly, just before the onset of production (idiophase). However, ROS measurements detected high concentrations only in idiophase, suggesting a link between ROS and lovastatin biosynthesis. Apparently sod1 down regulation promotes the rise of ROS during idiophase. This oxidative state in idiophase was further supported by a high redox balance observed in trophophase that changed to a low value in idiophase (around six-fold lower). The patterns of ROS accumulation, sod1 expression, and redox balance behaviour were similar in SmF and SSF. However, sod1 expression and ROS concentration (ten-fold), were higher in SmF. Our results indicate a link between ROS and lovastatin biosynthesis. Also, showed differences of physiology in SSF that yield lower but more steady ROS concentrations, which could be associated to higher lovastatin production.




Lovastatin is also found in pleurotus ssp.

With all the studies on an array of different ROS and their apparent intercellular signaling, and knowing it is also common in lower and higher fungal species, it's probably safe to say laccases and the oxidation caused do in fact help trigger the maturity of the fungus.

You are definitely on to something. I don't know specifically what mechanisms are involved but it's all throughout the literature :shrug:


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Re: laccases / oxidation / fruiting relationship [Re: Toadstool5]
    #22391954 - 10/17/15 05:58 AM (8 years, 3 months ago)

Sorry, it autocorrected morel to model.

Here is the link I was going after:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=laccase%20morels&cmd=correctspelling


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