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OfflineSieni505
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Registered: 07/31/14
Posts: 287
Loc: Finland, Ostrobothnia
Last seen: 7 years, 24 days
ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?)
    #21982972 - 07/23/15 02:09 AM (8 years, 6 months ago)

Habitat:
Where does it grow?
Garden, close to trunk and root of tree, but possibly growing just on soil/lawn. Location West central Finland (close to Vasa)

Gills:
Dark brown (black edge on mature specimen).

Stem:
Large specimen had a stem about 10cm x 1cm diameter, small specimens about half as much long but diameter still around 1cm. White to ash/pale beige grey, scaly with conspicuous veil.

Cap:
One specimen was large, about 15cm in diameter, pale grey with a hint of beige when fresh, turning brown when cut for spore print. Shape more or less plano-convex.

Spore print color:
Very dark brown

Bruising:
None

Ring present very conspicuous with flakes at the abaxial side.

It must be an Agaricus but which species arvensis? I have no microscope !










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Edited by Sieni505 (07/23/15 02:34 AM)


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OfflineSieni505
Mushroom Student
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Registered: 07/31/14
Posts: 287
Loc: Finland, Ostrobothnia
Last seen: 7 years, 24 days
Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #21998901 - 07/26/15 08:50 AM (8 years, 6 months ago)

Hi folks, I am not sure if you are familiar with this mishroom, but after some research, I am labelling this mushroom as Agaricus bitorquis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agaricus_bitorquis

Many things match with the species description and in particular had a ring which did not hang down but remain erect. Habitat also match very well, garden which is sometimes salted to melt ice. After the spore print, the cap turned yellowish. 

I wonder if someone finds objection to this ID, (Jakobstad, Finland)


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Edited by Sieni505 (07/26/15 08:54 AM)


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OfflineSieni505
Mushroom Student
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Registered: 07/31/14
Posts: 287
Loc: Finland, Ostrobothnia
Last seen: 7 years, 24 days
Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #21998953 - 07/26/15 09:03 AM (8 years, 6 months ago)

Here are more images from the same specimen, and young specimens found close by and which I think they are the same species.



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OfflineSieni505
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Registered: 07/31/14
Posts: 287
Loc: Finland, Ostrobothnia
Last seen: 7 years, 24 days
Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #21998964 - 07/26/15 09:08 AM (8 years, 6 months ago)

Agaricus arvensis vs Agaricus bitorquis ?


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OfflineUntitled
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Loc: England
Last seen: 4 years, 10 months
Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #21999724 - 07/26/15 12:10 PM (8 years, 6 months ago)

What does it smell of? A. arvensis smells of anise (more so in young specimens) and yellows with age (not in the same way as toxic Agaricus species).


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OfflineSieni505
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Registered: 07/31/14
Posts: 287
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Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Untitled]
    #22000147 - 07/26/15 02:14 PM (8 years, 6 months ago)

Unfortunately, I did not pick up any odour, but I have a bad nose. The cap for the sporeprint turned yellow after a day. The abaxial side of the ring of a young specimen had honey-amber flakes which I don't know if they are significant, but I seen them  on some web images for A. arvensis.

I read that A. bitorquis can also turn yellow with age but quite some reports and images show it with a double ring? I included this species in my diagnosis because of the non-hanging ring, but maybe I misjudged this character. I will check if there is some other specimen left for the anise odour (and try and have an unblocked nose!)


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OfflineUntitled
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Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #22000164 - 07/26/15 02:19 PM (8 years, 6 months ago)

Well as i mentioned the smell is much stronger in younger specimens. From what I've read, A. bitorquis is more likely to grow in the spring. However that's just what I've read, not what I've experienced, so it may not mean anything. Apart from some obvious species, Agaricus can be a difficult genre to pinpoint to species as far as i understand. I've only ever seen A. campestris and A. arvensis so i can't really comment on that myself.


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OfflineSieni505
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Registered: 07/31/14
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Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Untitled]
    #22000304 - 07/26/15 02:54 PM (8 years, 6 months ago)

http://urbanmushrooms.com/index.php?id=18

The above link provides good information on Agaricus arvensis, A. campestris and A. bitorquis. The profile on A. arvensis tips about the unique cog-wheel like ring. I can't also make any double ring in my images which seem to be important for A. bitorquis.  I am now leaned towards A. arvensis, which is also prefers lawns (as was my specimen) rather than roadsides and ditches as for A. bitorquis.


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OfflineSieni505
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Registered: 07/31/14
Posts: 287
Loc: Finland, Ostrobothnia
Last seen: 7 years, 24 days
Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #22035363 - 08/02/15 09:14 PM (8 years, 5 months ago)

Hi folks, there where some more specimens growing on the same spot, so I could make further observations. The ring is definitely not double and it seems to start and hang down, so one can excluded A. bitorquis. The specimens do not smell bad but I couldn't catch the fennel-like smell. They just have a good mushroomy scent. The caps of the new mushrooms are about 7-8cm, althouh they are not fully mature yet. The old specimen first encountered was around 11cm. This one is at the moment 7cm. The mushroom should hence be iether A. arvensis or A. sylvicola. The small size and lack of fennel scent indicates the latter. What do you think ?



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OfflineUntitled
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Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #22035744 - 08/02/15 10:50 PM (8 years, 5 months ago)

The problem with scent is that 1. not everyone can smell what they are supposed to be able to smell and 2. sometimes when they can they have a different interpretation of what it is. So that alone isn't a reliable identifying factor i don't think.


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OfflineSieni505
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Registered: 07/31/14
Posts: 287
Loc: Finland, Ostrobothnia
Last seen: 7 years, 24 days
Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Untitled]
    #22070664 - 08/10/15 06:59 AM (8 years, 5 months ago)

Hi, I bumped into this interesting and detailed  page:
http://www.gallowaywildfoods.com/?page_id=1079
and there is a good account on few poisonous horse mushrooms, namely the Agaricus called yellow stainer => Agaraicus xanthodermus.

I saw several similarities between my second set of photos and the mentioned webpage.  Now I don't know if there were two different species growing from the same spot, (one large in mid July and several smaller two weeks later) but I doubt that. I have labelled these as A. sylvicola but at least the pale yellowish specimens are looking like Agaricus xanthodermus now. Opinions?



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OfflineUntitled
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Re: ID garden Mushroom 1 - Agaricus (arvensis ?) [Re: Sieni505]
    #22071356 - 08/10/15 11:31 AM (8 years, 5 months ago)

Not xanthodermus. They stain a strong egg yolk yellow when damaged in a way that is very different from the yellowing of edible agaricus species. The least you can do is try cooking, but not eating them. If they smell bad then it's one of the poisonous ones. Although that only narrows it down slightly.


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