Mirabilis Multiflora Extract
MIRABILIS MULTIFLORA - Used by Hopi medicine men for diagnostic divination. No known negative effects. The large root is chewed and juice is swallowed. Root of similar species Mirabilis jalapa (four- o'clocks) may possess similar activity, but it is also a powerful emetic. Mirabilis multiflora has 2-5 flowers per calyx; Mirabilis jalapa has only one. - action: hallucinogen - common name: jalap, so'ksi - - native habitat: among rocks and shrubs, elevations of 2500-5000 ft, on hillsides - range: Arizona, Colorado, northern Mexico, Utah
PSYCHEDELIC PLANTS IN THE HERBAGE DATABASE
Copyright 1995 by Tim Johnson
Information on this plant is not widespread. A recent Entheogen review article shed some light on this however.
Ipomoea jalapa
(Convolvulus Jalapa)
Bindweed, Jalap
Botanical: Convolvulus Jalapa (LINN.)
Description
Medicinal Action and Uses
Preparations
---Synonym---Ipomea purga
---Habitat---The Jalap Bindweed (C. Jalapa, Linn.), but more often called Ipomea Jalapa or purga, is a native of South America and Mexico. It derives its name from Xalapa, in Mexico, where it is very abundant. It is freely grown out of doors, however, in the southern countries of Europe, and plants have been grown here in the garden of the Society of Apothecaries and also in Norfolk and Hampshire.
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---Description---It is a handsome climbing convolvulaceous plant with crimson flowers and a tuberous root, which is of officinal value. The tubers, varying in size from a walnut to an orange, are dark, umber-brown in colour and much wrinkled. They are imported either whole or sliced.
---Medicinal Action and Uses---The drug Jalap is prepared from a resin which abounds in the roots. It has a slight smoky odour and the taste is unpleasant, followed by pungent acridity. It has strong cathartic and purgative action, and is used in constipation, pain and colic in the bowels and general intestinal torpor, being combined, in compound powder, with other laxatives, and with carminatives such as ginger, cloves, etc. It accelerates the action of rhubarb.
Jalap forms a safe purge for children, being given in sugar or jam to disguise the taste, and has been used thus with calomel or wormwood as a vermifuge. It proves an excellent purge in rheumatism.
---Preparations---Powdered root, 3 to 20 grains. Tincture, B.P., 1/2 to 1 drachm. Powdered resin, 2 to 5 grains. Compound powder, B.P., 1 to 2 drachms. Jalapin, 1 to 3 grains.
Other members of this Convolvulus family have economic uses. C. dissectus, an American species abounds in prussic acid, the liquor known as Noyau being prepared from it with the aid of alcohol, and the oil of Rodium, which is so attractive to rats as to cause them to swarm to it without fear, even if held in the hand of a rat-catcher, is the produce of another Convolvulus, known as C. Rhodorhiza.
One of the most important members of the order economically is C. Batatas, the tuberous-rooted Bindweed, or SWEET POTATO, the roots of which abound in starch and sugar and form a nourishing food, very valuable in the tropics, where it is largely cultivated. The roots are somewhat in shape like an oblong and ugly potato, often club-shaped, and are of a reddish colour. When cooked, they are excessively sweet, not unlike liquorice, and not attractive in appearance. They are usually of greater size and weight than ordinary potatoes.
Before the introduction of the Potato into Europe, the Sweet Potato was regularly imported as a wholesome article of diet, and was grown in Spain and Portugal, to which it had been brought from the West Indies. The Potato which Shakespeare mentions twice - in the Merry Wives of Windsor and in Troilus and Cressida - is the Sweet Potato, and not the more familiar tuber of our days.
SO'KSI
Mirabilis multiflora (Torr.) Gray;
Four O'Clock family (Nyctaginaceae)
An herbaceous perennial, 2 to 3 feet tall, with gray-green, somewhat heart-shaped leaves. The flowers are rose-purple, to 2 inches long, three to six in each calyx-like involucre. Native to the Southwest; found between 2500 and 5600 feet elevation in Arizona, Utah, Colorado, northern Mexico, and parts of California.
Cultivation and Propagation: This species may be grown as a perennial in the South and West. In the North the roots must be lifted and stored over winter. It prefers a loose, dry, sandy soil but will do well in almost any garden soil provided it is not too damp. The soil should be deep, as this favors the production of large, long roots. So'ksi is propagated by seeds. These are usually sown where the plants are to stand, but they may be sown individually in small pots and set out as soon as the first pair of leaves forms. The seeds often take several weeks to sprout, but the seedlings grow very quickly and form blooming plants in midsummer. The plants should be spaced 15 to 20 inches apart.
Harvesting: The roots may be dug at any time of the year but are preferably dug in the fall, just after frost kills the upper part of the plant. If the roots are left in the ground in the North, they may be destroyed by the cold. Although the roots are large, thick and branching, they break easily and cannot be pulled like carrots. They should be dug with a small trowel or stick, or preferably with the hands. They should be washed thoroughly and dried in the sun before staring. First-year roots weigh up to a pound each.
Note: The roots of a similar plant, the common four o'clock (Mirabilis jalapa) are a powerful purgative, and should not be ingested.
JLF sells large 90 gram roots for $20
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