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EnemaOfState
Chief


Registered: 10/24/13
Posts: 1,210
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New species of psychedelic lichen discovered.
#21220102 - 02/03/15 09:19 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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http://psychedelicfrontier.com/new-species-lichen-dictyonema-huaorani/
Quote:
A new species of lichen has been discovered in the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest, according to a recent paper published in The Bryologist. Researchers led by lead author Michaela Schmull have tentatively identified tryptamine, psilocybin, and 5-MeO-DMT in the lichen.
The story is a rather unusual one. There is only one known sample of the lichen in all of Western science, and it was collected in 1981 by ethnobotanists Wade Davis and Jim Yost while conducting research in Ecuador. In a 1983 paper describing their discovery of this lichen, Davis and Yost write:
In the spring of 1981, whilst we were engaged in ethnobotanical studies in eastern Ecuador, our attention was drawn to a most peculiar use of hallucinogens by the Waorani, a small isolated group of some 600 Indians. … Amongst most Amazonian tribes, hallucinogenic intoxication is considered to be a collective journey into the subconscious and, as such, is a quintessentially social event. … The Waorani, however, consider the use of hallucinogens to be an aggressive anti-social act; so the shaman, or ido, who desires to project a curse takes the drug alone or accompanied only by his wife at night in the secrecy of the forest or in an isolated house. …
Of particular botanical interest is the fact that this peculiar cultural practise involves hallucinogenic plants, one rarely used and one until now unreported. The Waorani have two hallucinogens: Banisteriopsisniun muricata and an as yet undescribed basidiolichen of the genus Dictyonema. The former is morphologically very similar to other commonly used … species such as ayahuasca, Banisieriopsis Caapi … On the other hand, no basidiolichen has yet been reported to be employed as a hallucinogen. [emphasis mine]
In that paper, Davis and Yost described the new lichen species as “extremely rare.” So rare, in fact, that Yost had “heard references to it for over seven years before encountering it in the forest.” Imagine being an explorer, dedicating your life to studying the people and plants of far-flung regions, and finally discovering an elusive psychedelic lichen you’ve been hearing about for seven years.
Even the indigenous Waorani people did not have specimens of the lichen, which they call nɇnɇndapɇ, on hand. Natives told the researchers that its last known shamanic use was “some four generations ago — approximately eighty years — when ‘bad shaman ate it to send a curse to cause other Waorani to die.'” Wade Davis and Jim Yost became the first known Westerners to encounter nɇnɇndapɇ, and preserved the specimen for future analysis.
Lichens are unusual and fascinating organisms — in fact, a lichen is not a single organism, but a symbiotic partnership between a fungus and an alga. The fungus provides the filamental structure that protects, hydrates, and anchors the alga; the alga photosynthesizes the sugars that both organisms require to live. Lichens are exceptionally adaptive and are found in almost every climate on earth, which cannot be said of their individual components living in isolation. The partnership benefits both parties and greatly extends the habitats where they may thrive. The genus of Dictyonema is unusual even among lichens. In most lichens, the fungal component is an Ascomycete, but about 1% of lichens are composed of a Basidiomycete fungus instead. The algal partner varies, too — in about 10% of lichens, the photosynthesizing partner is not an alga at all, but a cyanobacterium. Members of Dictyonema are very strange because they combine both variations, a cyanobacterium and a basidiomycete fungus, in one lichen.
Add to this the apparently psychedelic qualities of Dictyonema huaorani and you have one extremely unique species!
Regarding the identification of tryptamine, psilocybin, and 5-MeO-DMT in the lichen, the researchers offer a qualification:
Due to our inability to use pure reference compounds and scarce amount of sample for compound identification, however, our analyses were not able to determine conclusively the presence of hallucinogenic substances.
The scarcity of the sample can’t be helped. The unavailability of “pure reference compounds,” however, is an entirely artificial problem, a result of the War on Drugs which halted psychedelic research for over 40 years and continues to hinder its progress. If these substances were not made so arbitrarily difficult for researchers to obtain, we may already have a conclusive identification of the psychedelic agents present in this newly discovered species.
-------------------- A Pretty Big Grizmatik Undergroundzies Conspiracy Too weird to live. Too rare to die.
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EllisDSox
King Hella!

Registered: 01/22/07
Posts: 25,730
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: EnemaOfState]
#21220124 - 02/03/15 09:23 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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I wonder if it's edible.
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psi
TOAST N' JAM


Registered: 09/05/99
Posts: 31,613
Loc: 613
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: EllisDSox]
#21220135 - 02/03/15 09:26 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Sounds like the natives around there are consuming it in one way or another.
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morrowasted
Worldwide Stepper



Registered: 10/30/09
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: EllisDSox]
#21220140 - 02/03/15 09:27 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Psilocybin AND 5meo DMT? That'd be a ride.
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larry.fisherman
shoulda died already



Registered: 11/03/12
Posts: 36,312
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: morrowasted]
#21220153 - 02/03/15 09:30 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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I feel like lichen would be easy to grow.
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EllisDSox
King Hella!

Registered: 01/22/07
Posts: 25,730
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: psi]
#21220169 - 02/03/15 09:33 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
psi said: Sounds like the natives around there are consuming it in one way or another.
I somehow missed that. I never knew till really recently that Wade Davis was Schultes' protege. Thought he was just some prick who wrote The Serpent and the Rainbow.
-------------------- Disclaimer: If you have any kind of heart condition, my posts are not for you. You could literally die from reading the first couple of words in any one of them. Scroll down the page, live your life and prosper, but don't read my posts because your heart will probably explode. I am not joking.
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Shroomopotamus
Happy Mushrooming



Registered: 09/27/09
Posts: 18,757
Loc: Funkotron
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: EnemaOfState]
#21220178 - 02/03/15 09:35 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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some1 gro tEk plz thx
-------------------- * Live by the mushroom, die by the mushroom
    This is a trap! A trap! You are all busted! Busted! You fools!
If a time comes where I fail to appear I've been abducted and I will miss you all Please smile and pet puppies as often as possible Be happy Be nice (<3);}
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Algo
Backstrap Fever


Registered: 12/15/14
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: larry.fisherman]
#21220190 - 02/03/15 09:38 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
XLCaps said: I feel like lichen would be easy to grow.
Im pretty sure it would take way too long for it to be worth it. i believe Lichen grows really slow. but i may be wrong
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EllisDSox
King Hella!

Registered: 01/22/07
Posts: 25,730
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Algo]
#21220195 - 02/03/15 09:39 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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If it's some kind of symbiotic relationship between two organisms, I bet it's a fucking nightmare to synthetically reproduce.
-------------------- Disclaimer: If you have any kind of heart condition, my posts are not for you. You could literally die from reading the first couple of words in any one of them. Scroll down the page, live your life and prosper, but don't read my posts because your heart will probably explode. I am not joking.
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Shroomopotamus
Happy Mushrooming



Registered: 09/27/09
Posts: 18,757
Loc: Funkotron
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Algo]
#21220197 - 02/03/15 09:39 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
AlgoRythm said:
Quote:
XLCaps said: I feel like lichen would be easy to grow.
Im pretty sure it would take way too long for it to be worth it. i believe Lichen grows really slow. but i may be wrong
slow and steady wins the race
-------------------- * Live by the mushroom, die by the mushroom
    This is a trap! A trap! You are all busted! Busted! You fools!
If a time comes where I fail to appear I've been abducted and I will miss you all Please smile and pet puppies as often as possible Be happy Be nice (<3);}
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Shroomopotamus
Happy Mushrooming



Registered: 09/27/09
Posts: 18,757
Loc: Funkotron
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: EllisDSox]
#21220199 - 02/03/15 09:40 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
EllisDSox said: If it's some kind of symbiotic relationship between two organisms, I bet it's a fucking nightmare to synthetically reproduce.
it's just unprotected sex
-------------------- * Live by the mushroom, die by the mushroom
    This is a trap! A trap! You are all busted! Busted! You fools!
If a time comes where I fail to appear I've been abducted and I will miss you all Please smile and pet puppies as often as possible Be happy Be nice (<3);}
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DrRedBush
I'm unpasteurized


Registered: 12/03/14
Posts: 1,325
Loc: 1600 Pennsylvania Ave NW
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Shroomopotamus]
#21220203 - 02/03/15 09:40 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Nice
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Algo
Backstrap Fever


Registered: 12/15/14
Posts: 3,857
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Shroomopotamus]
#21220222 - 02/03/15 09:46 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
Shroomopotamus said:
Quote:
AlgoRythm said:
Quote:
XLCaps said: I feel like lichen would be easy to grow.
Im pretty sure it would take way too long for it to be worth it. i believe Lichen grows really slow. but i may be wrong
slow and steady wins the race
haha I like that, good call.
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Shroomopotamus
Happy Mushrooming



Registered: 09/27/09
Posts: 18,757
Loc: Funkotron
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Algo]
#21220223 - 02/03/15 09:47 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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-------------------- * Live by the mushroom, die by the mushroom
    This is a trap! A trap! You are all busted! Busted! You fools!
If a time comes where I fail to appear I've been abducted and I will miss you all Please smile and pet puppies as often as possible Be happy Be nice (<3);}
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larry.fisherman
shoulda died already



Registered: 11/03/12
Posts: 36,312
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Algo]
#21220232 - 02/03/15 09:49 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
AlgoRythm said:
Quote:
XLCaps said: I feel like lichen would be easy to grow.
Im pretty sure it would take way too long for it to be worth it. i believe Lichen grows really slow. but i may be wrong
Yeah but you could like, get some rocks growing, then place them around the forest near other rocks. Then you could come back and suck on lichen for years to come.
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psi
TOAST N' JAM


Registered: 09/05/99
Posts: 31,613
Loc: 613
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: larry.fisherman]
#21220252 - 02/03/15 09:54 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Maybe you could blend some up with water in a blender and then use that to inoculate lots of rocks.
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Mental Taco



Registered: 07/02/14
Posts: 2,290
Loc: Hell
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: psi]
#21220260 - 02/03/15 09:56 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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I call bullshit.
-------------------- Did you not know that the royal hunting grounds are always forbidden?
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Shroomopotamus
Happy Mushrooming



Registered: 09/27/09
Posts: 18,757
Loc: Funkotron
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Mental Taco]
#21220276 - 02/03/15 09:59 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
Mental Taco said: I call bullshit.
get the fuck out of town you grumpy goon got enough calimari? cuz u CALIQuackin like a duck
-------------------- * Live by the mushroom, die by the mushroom
    This is a trap! A trap! You are all busted! Busted! You fools!
If a time comes where I fail to appear I've been abducted and I will miss you all Please smile and pet puppies as often as possible Be happy Be nice (<3);}
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psi
TOAST N' JAM


Registered: 09/05/99
Posts: 31,613
Loc: 613
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: Mental Taco]
#21220285 - 02/03/15 10:04 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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On the original article? Yeah they didn't seem all that confident that the named chemicals are definitely in there. Why not get a more definite answer before going public?
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Algo
Backstrap Fever


Registered: 12/15/14
Posts: 3,857
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Re: New species of psychedelic lichen discovered. [Re: psi]
#21220295 - 02/03/15 10:10 AM (9 years, 3 months ago) |
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Quote:
psi said: Maybe you could blend some up with water in a blender and then use that to inoculate lots of rocks.
we can start a whole new genre of psychedlic cultivation. Innoculating rocks with lichen. hahahaha
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