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raceme
Neither D nor L


Registered: 11/26/12
Posts: 663
Last seen: 5 years, 9 months
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#21541426 - 04/13/15 11:55 AM (8 years, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
RuralAnomaly said: Seasonally adjusted chemical

[not my images]
That's Morchella somethingorother, and the chemical is hydroxyproline. Hydroxyproline is a variant of the basic amino-acid proline that has been modified by the addition of a hydroxyl group (the -OH bit). Proline is a very common amino-acid, and I would guess that it's probably found in most life on Earth. There's an interesting blurb in the wiki page about hydroxyproline and scurvy that's worth a read. I'm embarrassed to admit that, despite just having covered amino-acids in biochemistry, I had to search for this by its IUPAC name… 
Quote:
The Lightning said: There are two other bluing chemicals that I'd like to introduce to you.

These chemicals were studied in the following fungus...

Hint: Both chemicals are acids.
Those are xerocomic acid and variegatic acid. They are, as you said, some of the chemicals responsible for bluing in some boletes. These compounds are generally yellowish, but, when oxidized by enzymes or oxygen in the air, they become blue (among other colors). Here's a nifty PDF that goes into the chemistry of it a bit. I'm not good with boletes, so I can't name the mushroom…
I'll try to have something up soon, but anyone can preempt me if they like.
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: raceme]
#21542584 - 04/13/15 04:34 PM (8 years, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
raceme said:
Quote:
The Lightning said: There are two other bluing chemicals that I'd like to introduce to you.

These chemicals were studied in the following fungus...

Hint: Both chemicals are acids.
Those are xerocomic acid and variegatic acid. They are, as you said, some of the chemicals responsible for bluing in some boletes. These compounds are generally yellowish, but, when oxidized by enzymes or oxygen in the air, they become blue (among other colors). Here's a nifty PDF that goes into the chemistry of it a bit. I'm not good with boletes, so I can't name the mushroom…
I'll try to have something up soon, but anyone can preempt me if they like.
Nice! The mushroom is Boletus calopus in case anyone wants to read about it.
http://boletales.com/genera/boletus/b-calopus/
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RuralAnomaly
Sporadic



Registered: 10/05/13
Posts: 2,153
Loc: Spitzenkörper Ohio
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: raceme]
#21544008 - 04/13/15 08:36 PM (8 years, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
raceme said:
That's Morchella somethingorother, and the chemical is hydroxyproline. Hydroxyproline is a variant of the basic amino-acid proline that has been modified by the addition of a hydroxyl group (the -OH bit). Proline is a very common amino-acid, and I would guess that it's probably found in most life on Earth. There's an interesting blurb in the wiki page about hydroxyproline and scurvy that's worth a read. I'm embarrassed to admit that, despite just having covered amino-acids in biochemistry, I had to search for this by its IUPAC name… 
Those are xerocomic acid and variegatic acid. They are, as you said, some of the chemicals responsible for bluing in some boletes. These compounds are generally yellowish, but, when oxidized by enzymes or oxygen in the air, they become blue (among other colors). Here's a nifty PDF that goes into the chemistry of it a bit. I'm not good with boletes, so I can't name the mushroom…
I'll try to have something up soon, but anyone can preempt me if they like.
hey good to see you raceme - and great answers. i thought it was interesting (and perhaps just coincidental) that apparently there's a good bit of that amino acid in morels, and its used in 'our' collagen, and if you've ever touched a morel, they are a bit collageny feeling, arent they!
i wouldn't beat yourself up too badly for not knowing by sight a non-essential amino acid out of what.. billions? not like *i* knew what the f it was before i googled it up to trick the unwary.
The Lightning is just happy someone answered his question. He was getting blue bahhh... errrr... boletes waiting.
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: RuralAnomaly]
#21544325 - 04/13/15 09:55 PM (8 years, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
RuralAnomaly said:
The Lightning is just happy someone answered his question. He was getting blue bahhh... errrr... boletes waiting.
So true. So true.
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raceme
Neither D nor L


Registered: 11/26/12
Posts: 663
Last seen: 5 years, 9 months
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#21546192 - 04/14/15 12:15 PM (8 years, 9 months ago) |
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Thanks Rural! I've been quite busy for a while now, so I haven't been spending too much time on here. Looks like I was just in time to prevent Lightning's boletes from bursting. 
New chemical:

This is a very common carbon storage compound for fungi, and can make up a significant fraction of a mushroom's dry weight. In studies of ectomycorrhizae in which the plant symbionts were fed 14C-labeled CO2, much of the 14C that made its way into the fungal symbionts ended up in this compound.
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leschampignons
Biochemistry + Mycology



Registered: 08/30/13
Posts: 1,583
Loc: NY/NJ/ME
Last seen: 3 days, 17 hours
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: raceme]
#21569218 - 04/19/15 06:43 PM (8 years, 9 months ago) |
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aha. I thought this one was maltose at first but I found it after a bit of searching. This is Trehalose, a disaccharide in fungi which helps prevent them from being damaged during dessication. It is also the major carbohydrate energy storage molecule used by insects for flight according to wiki and blood sugar for bees. Pretty damn cool.
Edit: someone else can take my turn if they'd like.
Edited by leschampignons (04/19/15 06:44 PM)
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: leschampignons]
#22201585 - 09/07/15 11:31 AM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Quote:
leschampignons said:
Edit: someone else can take my turn if they'd like.
No! Don't do this, folks, please!
If you make a guess, the original poster of the guess should confirm you got it right, then you should post a new one to keep things going smoothly.
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leschampignons
Biochemistry + Mycology



Registered: 08/30/13
Posts: 1,583
Loc: NY/NJ/ME
Last seen: 3 days, 17 hours
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#22213028 - 09/09/15 04:19 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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my apologies. I assume I got it right so......

This chemical occurs in several commonly eaten mushrooms. If people want me to I can post an example of a mushroom that contains this compound.
How might you maximize the levels of this chemical in these mushrooms?
Edit: This compound is found in the mushrooms which currently appear as The Lightning's avatar, among others:
Edited by leschampignons (09/10/15 10:05 AM)
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leschampignons
Biochemistry + Mycology



Registered: 08/30/13
Posts: 1,583
Loc: NY/NJ/ME
Last seen: 3 days, 17 hours
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#22227554 - 09/12/15 03:18 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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anyone? would you like a hint?
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foragedfungus


Registered: 09/30/13
Posts: 1,849
Loc: out there
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: leschampignons]
#22227629 - 09/12/15 03:33 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Are we looking at vitamin D? Maximized by putting mushrooms in the sun (just like us)
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foragedfungus


Registered: 09/30/13
Posts: 1,849
Loc: out there
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: foragedfungus]
#22227739 - 09/12/15 04:02 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Assuming I got that correct,
This chemical is a steroid derivative that has been shown to exhibit immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor activities.

Found in this mushroom (amongst other fungi, lichens, and sponges)

Edit: This chemical is found in other members of this genus, but I am not 100% sure it is found in the species pictured.
Edited by foragedfungus (09/12/15 04:23 PM)
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leschampignons
Biochemistry + Mycology



Registered: 08/30/13
Posts: 1,583
Loc: NY/NJ/ME
Last seen: 3 days, 17 hours
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: foragedfungus]
#22227952 - 09/12/15 04:54 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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correct!
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: foragedfungus]
#22241001 - 09/15/15 11:44 AM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Ergosterol peroxide and Hericium erinaceus?
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foragedfungus


Registered: 09/30/13
Posts: 1,849
Loc: out there
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#22241048 - 09/15/15 11:57 AM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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You've got it!
The mushroom pictured is my recent find of H. americanum, but like I said, "This chemical is found in other members of this genus (H. erinaceus), but I am not 100% sure it is found in the species pictured."
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: foragedfungus]
#22241113 - 09/15/15 12:13 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Hint: It is used in photography, pharmaceuticals, and as an analytical reagent. George Washington used this chemical to communicate with spies during the American Revolutionary War.
Edited by The Lightning (09/15/15 12:20 PM)
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#22255078 - 09/18/15 08:35 AM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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2nd hint: This chemical is antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and it's an anti-inflammatory agent.
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BayerPhi
Always Learning

Registered: 05/28/12
Posts: 1,884
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#22255690 - 09/18/15 10:52 AM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Gallic acid is the Chemical, also found in Oak Galls. The picture won't load for me, I can't see it to guess the fungus.
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: BayerPhi]
#22255770 - 09/18/15 11:14 AM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Quote:
BayerPhi said: Gallic acid is the Chemical, also found in Oak Galls. The picture won't load for me, I can't see it to guess the fungus.
Correct! The fungus is Inonotus Obliquus.
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BayerPhi
Always Learning

Registered: 05/28/12
Posts: 1,884
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: The Lightning]
#22256027 - 09/18/15 12:38 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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Guess it must be my turn!

Found in:
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The Lightning
Mycology Enthusiast


Registered: 09/06/11
Posts: 3,889
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Re: Guess The Fungal / Mushroom Chemical ! [Re: BayerPhi]
#22271652 - 09/21/15 09:17 PM (8 years, 4 months ago) |
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How 'bout a hint?
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