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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19548928 - 02/10/14 05:39 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Got it!!! It's NADP+ found in pretty much all life as it is essential. I feel stupid I should of gotten it on the spot. Fungus is Tinea capitis.


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InvisibleMr. Bojangles
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19550332 - 02/10/14 10:01 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Yep!  At least for the chemical...fungus is close, at least in environment...except the host is a bat.


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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Mr. Bojangles]
    #19550408 - 02/10/14 10:20 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Pseudogymnoascus destructans. By the way that was an awesome example!


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InvisibleMr. Bojangles
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19551342 - 02/11/14 07:28 AM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Correctomundo, and thanks!  You're up :thumbup:


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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Mr. Bojangles]
    #19555729 - 02/12/14 02:57 AM (9 years, 11 months ago)

protiens are of limits right?


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InvisibleThe Lightning
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19556216 - 02/12/14 07:01 AM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Proteins are fine. Let's try to keep things "learnable/teachable" if possible.


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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: The Lightning]
    #19558973 - 02/12/14 08:01 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

I really want to post a protein but how the heck do you ID a protein just by looking at it. I dont think its possile.


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InvisibleMr. Bojangles
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19559177 - 02/12/14 08:43 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Yeah not without a PDB reference I would think.  Maybe something simple with a recognizable ligand attached?  Or a more common/recognizable protein plus a hint :wink:


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InvisibleThe Lightning
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19559348 - 02/12/14 09:26 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Quote:

mtlmike90 said:
I really want to post a protein but how the heck do you ID a protein just by looking at it. I dont think its possile.





Can you show us an example of a protein?


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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Mr. Bojangles]
    #19559391 - 02/12/14 09:37 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)




Hopefully someone can get this. You should already know the fungus, it was one of my first finds :grin:. The protein is actually an enzyme and is a type of amino acid decarbxylase. Name the fungus, the enzyme, and the biosynthetic pathway this enzyme is involved in. Bonus points if you name its substrate and product and maybe say a little about the chemisty behind it.

Does anyone want me to write a litte bit about proteins and enzymes?


Edited by MachineElf1.618 (02/12/14 09:38 PM)


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InvisibleMr. Bojangles
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19561382 - 02/13/14 12:28 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Hrmmm...I got the fungus and the enzyme (generally), the PO4H group on that substrate is throwing me off.


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InvisibleMr. Bojangles
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Mr. Bojangles]
    #19561492 - 02/13/14 12:54 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

OK, I think I have it!  The fungus is Psilocybe cyanescens, the enzyme is DOPA decarboxylase and it is the enzyme needed for the last step in the biosynthesis of dopamine.  Particularly the enzyme turns the substrate, L-DOPA, into dopamine via decarboxylation.  For anyone a little lost, see below for the difference between the two molecules and the reaction involved, notice the loss of a carboxylic acid moiety, hence the 'decarboxylase' in the enzyme name. 



Carboxylic acid:


The enzyme in mtlmike's picture shows the L-DOPA decarboxylase enzyme bound to pyridoxal-5-phosphate (vitamin B6), which is a cofactor needed for the reaction.  A cofactor is a molecule that isn't the protein or the substrate but is needed for the catalytic reaction (function of the enzyme) to be performed. 

Quote:

From wiki about cofactors:
"A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound that is required for the protein's biological activity. These proteins are commonly enzymes, and cofactors can be considered "helper molecules" that assist in biochemical transformations.




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"It is dangerous to be right in matters on which the established authorities are wrong."

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Edited by Mr. Bojangles (02/13/14 01:14 PM)


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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Mr. Bojangles]
    #19562136 - 02/13/14 03:48 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Correct, the fungus is a cyan and enzyme is a DOPA decarboxylase. More technically it is an Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase which works for DOPA, phenyalanine, and  tryptophan, they are all synonymous in this case. The substrate I was looking for was tryptophan. Its your turn now but do you wanna take a crack at the product and biosynthetic pathway?


Edited by MachineElf1.618 (02/13/14 04:22 PM)


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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19562145 - 02/13/14 03:50 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

too easy. palmitic acid. C16H32O2.. I actually had this on a biochem test we had to break it down as a fatty acid metabolism..


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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Gorlax]
    #19562232 - 02/13/14 04:12 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Quote:

Gorlax said:
too easy. palmitic acid. C16H32O2.. I actually had this on a biochem test we had to break it down as a fatty acid metabolism..




No that is wrong. I think ur confusing it with acetyl-CoA decarboxylase and that is differnt than an amino acid decarboxylase. Especially since palmitic acid is a fatty acid not an amino acid, two different things. If you really took biochem then you should know that an amino acid decarboxylase is an enzyme that cleaves off the carboxylic functional group on the amino acid, Just leaving an amino group and its side chain.


Edited by MachineElf1.618 (02/13/14 04:13 PM)


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OfflineGorlax
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Gorlax]
    #19562525 - 02/13/14 05:23 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

not sure what your saying.. you can chop it up to make acetyl-coA..



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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19563127 - 02/13/14 07:42 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

I think gorlax may be referring to the OP?  The first post on this thread was palmitic acid, what mtlmike posted is most certainly not. 

Quote:

mtlmike90 said:
The substrate I was looking for was tryptophan. Its your turn now but do you wanna take a crack at the product and biosynthetic pathway?




Totally forgot we were talking about mushrooms for a second!  I crafted my first post like the enzyme was endogenous to humans.  I'm going to guess, from the species, its the psilocybin pathway with the final product being psilocybin or one of its closely related chemicals.



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Onlinekoods
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Mr. Bojangles]
    #19563181 - 02/13/14 07:51 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

4-hydroxy-N-methytryptamine should be called baeocin.


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OfflineMachineElf1.618
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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: Mr. Bojangles]
    #19563641 - 02/13/14 09:29 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Quote:

Gorlax said:
not sure what your saying.. you can chop it up to make acetyl-coA..






OMG dude you just totally killed me, I just went back and read through my old notes and books to figure this out. I'm actually kind of glad I kept them you should probably keep ur stuff handy too. Anyway I figured out the problem.

You're talking about fatty acid oxidation or beta oxidation. In this process fatty acids like palmitic acid produce acetyl-CoA. CoA can be modified in different ways and its not a protein, it is a chemical cofactor required for an enzyme to work. Its always important to remember that whenever you see (-ase) at the end of a protein name it means it has enzymatic activity, for example: polymerase, collagenase, endonuclease, e.t.c.

What I was refering to was fatty acid synthesis. In this process acetyl-CoA is converted to malonyl-CoA by the Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase enzyme. Malonyl-CoA is required for fatty acid synthesis and the product of this pathway is palmitic acid. Interestingly a negative feedback loop happens here, if palmitic acid concentration becomes too high, palmitic acid acts as an inhibitor of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase. Therefore, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase inactivated and it can't cleave acetyl-CoA into malonyl-CoA which inhibits the whole process. Hope that wasn't confusing and it helped. 

Quote:

Mr. Bojangles said:
I think gorlax may be referring to the OP?  The first post on this thread was palmitic acid, what mtlmike posted is most certainly not. 

Quote:

mtlmike90 said:
The substrate I was looking for was tryptophan. Its your turn now but do you wanna take a crack at the product and biosynthetic pathway?




Totally forgot we were talking about mushrooms for a second!  I crafted my first post like the enzyme was endogenous to humans.  I'm going to guess, from the species, its the psilocybin pathway with the final product being psilocybin or one of its closely related chemicals.






Yup it is the psilocybin synthesis pathway. I just want to add that the tryptophan carboxylase (aromatic L- amino acid carboxylase) cleaves tryptophan into tryptamine, as indicated by the loss of the carboxylic acid group. Ok ur up dude.


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Re: Guess That Fungi/Mushroom Chemical!! [Re: MachineElf1.618]
    #19564066 - 02/13/14 11:11 PM (9 years, 11 months ago)

Yah I was talking about beta-oxidation of fatty acids. anyways where's the next oneeeeee.


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