|
cycline
pan-informationist


Registered: 09/11/13
Posts: 164
Loc: Dissoversum
|
Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements
#19332737 - 12/27/13 11:58 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements
Eliseo Guallar, MD, DrPH; Saverio Stranges, MD, PhD; Cynthia Mulrow, MD, MSc, Senior Deputy Editor; Lawrence J. Appel, MD, MPH; and Edgar R. Miller III, MD, PhD
Three articles in this issue address the role of vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing the occurrence or progression of chronic diseases. First, Fortmann and colleagues (1) systematically reviewed trial evidence to update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation on the efficacy of vitamin supplements for primary prevention in community-dwelling adults with no nutritional deficiencies. After reviewing 3 trials of multivitamin supplements and 24 trials of single or paired vitamins that randomly assigned more than 400 000 participants, the authors concluded that there was no clear evidence of a beneficial effect of supplements on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, or cancer.
Second, Grodstein and coworkers (2) evaluated the efficacy of a daily multivitamin to prevent cognitive decline among 5947 men aged 65 years or older participating in the Physicians’ Health Study II. After 12 years of follow-up, there were no differences between the multivitamin and placebo groups in overall cognitive performance or verbal memory. Adherence to the intervention was high, and the large sample size resulted in precise estimates showing that use of a multivitamin supplement in a well-nourished elderly population did not prevent cognitive decline. Grodstein and coworkers’ findings are compatible with a recent review (3) of 12 fair- to good-quality trials that evaluated dietary supplements, including multivitamins, B vitamins, vitamins E and C, and omega-3 fatty acids, in persons with mild cognitive impairment or mild to moderate dementia. None of the supplements improved cognitive function.
Third, Lamas and associates (4) assessed the potential benefits of a high-dose, 28-component multivitamin supplement in 1708 men and women with a previous myocardial infarction participating in TACT (Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy). After a median follow-up of 4.6 years, there was no significant difference in recurrent cardiovascular events with multivitamins compared with placebo (hazard ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.75 to 1.07]). The trial was limited by high rates of nonadherence and dropouts.
Other reviews and guidelines that have appraised the role of vitamin and mineral supplements in primary or secondary prevention of chronic disease have consistently found null results or possible harms (5–6). Evidence involving tens of thousands of people randomly assigned in many clinical trials shows that β-carotene, vitamin E, and possibly high doses of vitamin A supplements increase mortality (6–7) and that other antioxidants (6), folic acid and B vitamins (8), and multivitamin supplements (1, 5) have no clear benefit.
Despite sobering evidence of no benefit or possible harm, use of multivitamin supplements increased among U.S. adults from 30% between 1988 to 1994 to 39% between 2003 to 2006, while overall use of dietary supplements increased from 42% to 53% (9). Longitudinal and secular trends show a steady increase in multivitamin supplement use and a decline in use of some individual supplements, such as β-carotene and vitamin E. The decline in use of β-carotene and vitamin E supplements followed reports of adverse outcomes in lung cancer and all-cause mortality, respectively. In contrast, sales of multivitamins and other supplements have not been affected by major studies with null results, and the U.S. supplement industry continues to grow, reaching $28 billion in annual sales in 2010. Similar trends have been observed in the United Kingdom and in other European countries.
The large body of accumulated evidence has important public health and clinical implications. Evidence is sufficient to advise against routine supplementation, and we should translate null and negative findings into action. The message is simple: Most supplements do not prevent chronic disease or death, their use is not justified, and they should be avoided. This message is especially true for the general population with no clear evidence of micronutrient deficiencies, who represent most supplement users in the United States and in other countries (9).
The evidence also has implications for research. Antioxidants, folic acid, and B vitamins are harmful or ineffective for chronic disease prevention, and further large prevention trials are no longer justified. Vitamin D supplementation, however, is an open area of investigation, particularly in deficient persons. Clinical trials have been equivocal and sometimes contradictory. For example, supplemental vitamin D, which might prevent falls in older persons, reduced the risk for falls in a few trials, had no effect in most trials, and increased falls in 1 trial. Although future studies are needed to clarify the appropriate use of vitamin D supplementation, current widespread use is not based on solid evidence that benefits outweigh harms (10).
With respect to multivitamins, the studies published in this issue and previous trials indicate no substantial health benefit. This evidence, combined with biological considerations, suggests that any effect, either beneficial or harmful, is probably small. As we learned from voluminous trial data on vitamin E, however, clinical trials are not well-suited to identify very small effects, and future trials of multivitamins for chronic disease prevention in well-nourished populations are likely to be futile.
In conclusion, β-carotene, vitamin E, and possibly high doses of vitamin A supplements are harmful. Other antioxidants, folic acid and B vitamins, and multivitamin and mineral supplements are ineffective for preventing mortality or morbidity due to major chronic diseases. Although available evidence does not rule out small benefits or harms or large benefits or harms in a small subgroup of the population, we believe that the case is closed— supplementing the diet of well-nourished adults with (most) mineral or vitamin supplements has no clear benefit and might even be harmful. These vitamins should not be used for chronic disease prevention. Enough is enough. References 1 Fortmann SP, Burda BU, Senger CA, Lin JS, Whitlock EP. Vitamin and mineral supplements in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: an updated systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 159:824-34. 2 Grodstein F, O'Brien J, Kang JH, Dushkes R, Cook NR, Okereke O, et al. Long-term multivitamin supplementation and cognitive function in men. A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 159:806-14. 3 Lin JS, O'Connor E, Rossom RC, Perdue LA, Eckstrom E. Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 159:601-12. PubMed 4 Lamas GA, Boineau R, Goertz C, Mark DB, Rosenberg Y, Stylianou M, et al, TACT (Trial to Assess Chelation Therapy) Investigators. Oral high-dose multivitamins and minerals after myocardial infarction. A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 159:797-804. 5 Huang HY, Caballero B, Chang S, Alberg AJ, Semba RD, Schneyer CR, et al. The efficacy and safety of multivitamin and mineral supplement use to prevent cancer and chronic disease in adults: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health state-of-the-science conference. Ann Intern Med. 2006; 145:372-85. PubMed 6 Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud C. Antioxidant supplements to prevent mortality. JAMA. 2013; 310:1178-9. PubMed CrossRef 7 Miller ER 3rd, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D, Riemersma RA, Appel LJ, Guallar E. Meta-analysis: high-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med. 2005; 142:37-46. PubMed 8 Miller ER 3rd, Juraschek S, Pastor-Barriuso R, Bazzano LA, Appel LJ, Guallar E. Meta-analysis of folic acid supplementation trials on risk of cardiovascular disease and risk interaction with baseline homocysteine levels. Am J Cardiol. 2010; 106:517-27. PubMed 9 Gahche J, Bailey R, Burt V, Hughes J, Yetley E, Dwyer J, et al. Dietary supplement use among U.S. adults has increased since NHANES III (1988-1994). NCHS Data Brief. 2011; 1-8. PubMed 10 Moyer VA, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation to prevent fractures in adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 158:691-6. PubMed
Link: http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=1789253
-------------------- “To see a world in a grain of sand, And a heaven in a wildflower; Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, And eternity in an hour.” — Auguries of Innocence, William Blake
|
Anonymous #1
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: cycline]
#19333516 - 12/27/13 04:07 PM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
.
Edited by Anonymous (12/19/14 05:54 PM)
|
fuzzysig
user

Registered: 10/21/11
Posts: 422
Last seen: 3 years, 3 months
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: Anonymous #1]
#19334273 - 12/27/13 07:58 PM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
what about other studies conradicting what you posted? saying that multivitamins do make a difference and some doctors doing the vitamin( forgot which one) injections to help with all kinds of health issues.
todays world you can never tellthe hidden agenda behind anything
i dontbelive any of this crap unless you can prove beyond reasonable doubt that the study is real and unbiased and not sponsored by any kind of pharmaceutical company.
just like the movie " thank you for not smoking" this team of scientists will prove anything
|
LordSenate
One of the Lost


Registered: 09/15/02
Posts: 37,093
Loc: First Circle of Hell
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: cycline]
#19335186 - 12/28/13 12:48 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Is this the same study that was released not too long ago? I didn't see the points that I was going to highlight but I wouldn't be surprised if this is it and they just aren't included. I
The particular research I'm speaking of compared the effects of multi-vitamins based on people WITH proper nutrition. Which points out exactly what was wrong with that particular study. Since most people take multi-vitamins BECAUSE they aren't getting the proper nutrition.
A second point is that that study also stated multiple times that there were "border-line" significant improvements.. An improvement is an improvement whether you want to try and down play that they actually exist.
They also mentioned multiple things that were helped by multi-vitamins.
They mentioned numerous times that the cost of multi-vitamins doesn't pay off. If it improves anything even a little bit for some people that would be worth the money. Not to mention people like me who get all their medications free.. Which would make this particular point fall flat.
There were other things that I pointed out as well but I will have to dig up the particular post I responded to, to be able to verify the studies are one and the same.
|
LordSenate
One of the Lost


Registered: 09/15/02
Posts: 37,093
Loc: First Circle of Hell
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: fuzzysig]
#19335191 - 12/28/13 12:49 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Quote:
fuzzysig said: what about other studies conradicting what you posted? saying that multivitamins do make a difference and some doctors doing the vitamin( forgot which one) injections to help with all kinds of health issues.
todays world you can never tellthe hidden agenda behind anything
i dontbelive any of this crap unless you can prove beyond reasonable doubt that the study is real and unbiased and not sponsored by any kind of pharmaceutical company.
just like the movie " thank you for not smoking" this team of scientists will prove anything
Helps if you reply to the right person. As it is you look like you are arguing with someone that mentioned numerous reasons why they take vitamins.
|
HeartAndMind


Registered: 01/09/10
Posts: 1,410
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: cycline]
#19335323 - 12/28/13 01:49 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
I disagree with this article because of personal experience.
About two years ago I stopped eating meat, I became vegetarian, but my mom was against it, so she still made meaty meals and because of that I didn't get enough nutrients from vegetables and didn't eat meat. Meat contains Thiamin aka B1 vitamin. This vitamin basically keeps nervous system and brain balanced. Long story short, I developed psychosis and got placed into mental clinic. There doctors took some samples and found out that I have almost zero B1 vitamin in my body. They injected huge doses of B1 in my body and I started feeling better, my appetite arose and I felt better overall. Now I still take B1 with other vitamins when I feel nervous, tired or can't get enough of sleep. It seems to help.
|
LordSenate
One of the Lost


Registered: 09/15/02
Posts: 37,093
Loc: First Circle of Hell
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: HeartAndMind]
#19335342 - 12/28/13 02:01 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Your paragraph is a little convoluted. It's hard to understand exactly what you're saying without reading it multiple times.
Supposedly you didn't get that vitamin because you didn't eat meat.. just because your mom still made meaty meals has absolutely nothing to do with that. It sounds like you're blaming your mom for you not getting the appropriate nutrition, which I don't believe you intended to mean it that way.. But it sounds like that when you read it.
Either way you could have just left your mother out of the whole thing. Plain and simple you weren't eating correctly and you suffered for it.
Edited by LordSenate (12/28/13 08:59 PM)
|
HeartAndMind


Registered: 01/09/10
Posts: 1,410
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: LordSenate]
#19335402 - 12/28/13 02:43 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
I'm not blaming anyone. I'm just saying that vitamins are important.
|
LordSenate
One of the Lost


Registered: 09/15/02
Posts: 37,093
Loc: First Circle of Hell
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: HeartAndMind]
#19335406 - 12/28/13 02:47 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
I said that I didn't think you were trying to blame anyone. But that's how it sounds to me when I read the first couple sentences. I had to read them multiple times and then compare it to the end of the paragraph to come to the conclusion that you didn't mean it to come out that way.
I'm not nitpicking to insult you or anything, I was just pointing it out so you could fix it if you felt so inclined so no one misunderstands you. I wrote the last sentence just in case you did mean to write it like that.
|
HeartAndMind


Registered: 01/09/10
Posts: 1,410
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: LordSenate]
#19335455 - 12/28/13 03:23 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
English is not my native language, but I try to be as clear as possible.
Thanks for pointing out
|
s240779

Registered: 12/07/10
Posts: 12,880
Last seen: 2 months, 9 days
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: LordSenate]
#19336798 - 12/28/13 12:09 PM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Quote:
LordSenate said: Supposedly you didn't get that vitamin because you didn't eat me..
He was talking about eating meat (animals), not eating you.
|
Icyus
KavitārkikasiṃHa



Registered: 11/07/13
Posts: 3,502
Loc: Inbetween.
Last seen: 8 years, 27 days
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: s240779]
#19336804 - 12/28/13 12:11 PM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Ring damma doo damma daa..
-------------------- And thus begins the reverse-fusing of our one-dimentional understanding, and adds ever-expanding perspectives, in depth and number; splitting our perception, and in so doing, seemingly irrationally, creates yet more one-ness, with all that ever was, is and will ever be, streching across the infinite, inunderstood concept of everything, percievable and not.
|
LordSenate
One of the Lost


Registered: 09/15/02
Posts: 37,093
Loc: First Circle of Hell
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: s240779]
#19338881 - 12/28/13 08:59 PM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Quote:
Da2ra said:
Quote:
LordSenate said: Supposedly you didn't get that vitamin because you didn't eat me..
He was talking about eating meat (animals), not eating you.
This whole time I thought I was the main category for every day nutrition.
My bad, typo. 6am, give me a break.
|
LordSenate
One of the Lost


Registered: 09/15/02
Posts: 37,093
Loc: First Circle of Hell
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: HeartAndMind]
#19338888 - 12/28/13 09:00 PM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Quote:
HeartAndMind said: English is not my native language, but I try to be as clear as possible.
Thanks for pointing out 
No problem. Sorry if I sounded very curt and accusing or angry. I was really tired when I wrote my responses. As proven by someone else above.
|
fuzzysig
user

Registered: 10/21/11
Posts: 422
Last seen: 3 years, 3 months
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: LordSenate]
#19339035 - 12/28/13 09:26 PM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
the probme is from personal experience i can tell studies are full of crap
when my dad finished dental school he said electric tooth brushes are waste of time "recent study shows" brushing with regular tooth brush is exactly same...
i asked him a year later. he said well a more recent study said electric tooth brushes are better...
one study shows fluoride is bad another study shows fluoride is good.
one study shows weed is bad. another one shows its benefits. and now its even legal in washington even though it was number one enemy of american government.. when they saw they can make big bank on it they changed their mind quickly
its all about money pharmaceutical companies been fighting for the right to make vitamins prescription only... they want the exclusive rights to make everything health related. its not very hard to see any business wishes to eliminate its competition even if they dont openly admit it
|
thedream
The Most High


Registered: 12/25/10
Posts: 592
Last seen: 7 years, 2 months
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: fuzzysig]
#19350757 - 12/31/13 11:23 AM (10 years, 1 month ago) |
|
|
Long story short:
If you eat a balanced diet, dont bother taking a multivitamin.
If you eat an unbalanced diet, taking a multivitamin may provide a marginal benefit if any.
In any event you piss out the majority of the multivitamin anyways, most of those vitamins in the pill form are not very bioavailable and many vitamins compete for the same enzyme or receptor and thus are best to take separate whereas some vitamins are best taken in combination with others.
Bottom line is that it's best to get your vitamins and minerals from whole foods which are more bioavailable and found in the right ratio as nature intended which most of us already knew.
|
TheFakeSunRa
Bitch Splitter



Registered: 03/01/05
Posts: 16,449
Loc: Dirdy SOUF
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: thedream]
#19350872 - 12/31/13 11:53 AM (10 years, 30 days ago) |
|
|
I take fish oil and saw palmetto.
-------------------- [quote]Asante said: You constantly make posts thatr fling middle school insults at people you don't like mixed in with maladjusted psychopathic comments about wanting to beat up the other poster with a crowbar. You know how shit you are, you just don't give a fuck for precisely that reason. I disendorse you.[/quote]
|
s240779

Registered: 12/07/10
Posts: 12,880
Last seen: 2 months, 9 days
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: cycline]
#19350924 - 12/31/13 12:11 PM (10 years, 30 days ago) |
|
|
|
Anonymous #2
|
Re: Enough Is Enough: Stop Wasting Money on Vitamin and Mineral Supplements [Re: cycline]
#19369779 - 01/04/14 06:54 PM (10 years, 26 days ago) |
|
|
I used to take vitamin E because I heard it helps your hair grow. But I been hearing so much bad things about vitamin pills.
|
|