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OfflineUser_7
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Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality
    #19034740 - 10/26/13 09:20 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

I haven't been posting much recently because things have been shaken up by a change in location. But of course that hasn't stopped me hunting and with new pastures come fresh finds.

1). Ok so first off the weird ball thing... Only thing is, I don't think it's a mushroom. I couldn't really rule out any kingdom to be honest, but I thought I'd post it here anyway as it's weird, cool and maybe someone else here has come across it during their foraging. Plus it could still be a Fungus. So with no further ado:..



So as you can see, it's a small (maybe 3-4cm diameter) white ball covered in an indented reticulation similar to a leather football (soccer-ball). This was attached to the ground by a little white cord which snapped easily when I picked it up. The remnant of the cord and where it attached to the base of the ball can be seen in the second picture. The surface was matte and dry. It was springy to the touch and in no way brittle.

Slicing it open revealed a fleshy brain-like centre, that looked a lot like tinned tuna fish. Between this centre and the surface was a translucent layer with the consistency of silicone sealant which also ran narrowly through the middle, segmenting the fleshy centre. I seem to remember it smelling 'earthy'.

It was found about a month ago amongst leaf litter by a footpath through a deciduous forest full of ferns in coastal Southern-England. It had rained recently.

2). Nearby, some more familiar sights, Coprinellus micaceus growing with its cousin C. disseminatus:




3). And some little gilled brackets. Not sure what these could be:



4). From another hunt, a Lepiota species I presume (I've been lazy with ID's lately):



5). And a great big Suillus with a smaller one and a different Bolete to the right:



6). Exploding Pins:



7). Never seen these before either. Any ideas?



8). One of my favourite recent finds. I'm calling it Boletus luridus. Fabulous reds, blues and yellows:



Found near some Hawthorns atop a limestone cattle down.

9). Had some ideas about this pure little white mushroom, but forgot. Any ideas?



Found in an open pasture with Agaricus species. My initial thought was Destroying Angel, but there was no volva.

10). Coprinus comatus always makes me happy:



11). Some sweet little Boletes (up to about 5cm diameter), growing near a Holm Oak. Flesh bruising blue but only very lightly:



12). Some Agaricus species which went really yellow. From pasture land. Perhaps A. arvensis:



13). A pretty Hypholoma I think:



14). And finally some more mushrooms I mistook for Destroying Angels at first glance. Could they be a Leucoagaricus species?



Growing from a pile of compost, mostly just grass clippings I think.


Edited by User_7 (10/26/13 10:11 AM)


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InvisibleBobzimmer
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19034763 - 10/26/13 09:28 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Nice finds and photos User_7!:thumbup:

The granules don't look right to me for mica caps. Maybe something more like C. radians. Did you notice any ozonium?

Quote:

Never seen these before either. Any ideas?




Maybe false chanterelles?

Quote:


Had some ideas about this pure little white mushroom, but forgot. Any ideas?



Could it be Leucoagaricus leucothites?


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: Bobzimmer]
    #19034813 - 10/26/13 09:44 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

6. hypholoma fasciculare
7. maybe omphalotus olearius
9. maybe leucoagaricus
12. probably agaricus avensis
14. agaricus xanthoderma


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OfflineUser_7
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19034823 - 10/26/13 09:46 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Looked a bit flimsy for Leucoagaricus, so I thought the last ones were more likely L. leucothites. But I've never found a Leucoagaricus before so maybe just differences in habitat?

Think you're probably right with Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca. I did get excited at first glance as I've never found Chanterelles but quickly ruled out the real thing.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19034837 - 10/26/13 09:50 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Thanks for your suggestions :thumbup:

14's not A. xanthoderma though, due to white (or close to white) gills and no yellow bruising. And I think H. aurantiaca looks more likely for 7.


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OfflineUser_7
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: Bobzimmer]
    #19034853 - 10/26/13 09:55 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

Bobzimmer said:
The granules don't look right to me for mica caps. Maybe something more like C. radians. Did you notice any ozonium?



I almost wrote 'close to C. micaceus' by default but didn't bother because I thought no one would be able to call me out :lol:

No, didn't notice any ozonium but didn't have a good poke about because of the constant pressure to move on from myco-phobes on the walk.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: mahniti]
    #19034933 - 10/26/13 10:18 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

14's not A. xanthoderma though, due to white (or close to white) gills and no yellow bruising




i think theres a variety like that, i often find same, they always grow on same spots and same time like ordinary looking a. xanthoderma.

7. could be Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca, yes.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: mahniti]
    #19035454 - 10/26/13 12:23 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Your weird ball looks like a stinkhorn


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OfflineUser_7
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: rev0kadavur]
    #19035793 - 10/26/13 01:40 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Just Googled Stinkhorn egg and I think you could be right. Don't know why it didn't occur to me really, just seemed too solid and non-fungal. Cheers!


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19036403 - 10/26/13 04:13 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Update on the weird ball thing. Alamighty Rockefeller suggested Protubera sp. here. And I have to say it does look exactly the same inside as his own spotting here. As far as I can tell there are no previous recorded Protubera sightings from the UK so I am now somewhat of a minor celebrity...

:cheers:


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7] * 1
    #19036740 - 10/26/13 05:37 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

:grin:Awesome~

I suspect the one you cut open was very close to hatching as well! (within 24-72 hours)

Stinkhorn's definitely have a distinct look when you slice them open... the basket stinkhorn often has that 'tortoise-shell' pattern all over the surface of the eggs... have never found any other stinkhorns, so Im not sure if that is common with the others.





My experience happened early on when I first started hunting.
I had recently found Giant Puff Balls... Excited from the recent finds a few weeks later I found what I thought was some small ones... they looked VERY similar from the outside. lol.
I picked them, put them in a bag... kept them in my parents fridge for a few days, then took them all the way back home with me... (2 Hour Drive)

During the car ride I had the car heater blasting... the white balls I had plucked a few days prior in a bag on the floor behind my seat... about half way home my car started to smell of death... When I got home and opened the bag, one of my white puffballs had hatched into a basket stinkhorn. lol... I had seen one before, but as a basket... hadn't seen them in egg stage... I proceeded to slice open an unhatched egg from the bag to find it was also a stinkhorn, then I felt it was right to presume that all the rest were also stinkhorns... Lesson Learned!













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Edited by rev0kadavur (10/26/13 05:45 PM)


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Offlinerev0kadavur
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: rev0kadavur]
    #19036747 - 10/26/13 05:40 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Just realized that newspaper is almost too perfect....

"Boo. Tastes Like Sorrow."

lol.:lmafo:


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OfflineUntitled
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: rev0kadavur]
    #19036829 - 10/26/13 06:02 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

I love them cages! Or 'baskets' as you call them. Never seen one before though.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: rev0kadavur]
    #19036843 - 10/26/13 06:05 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

... Ok, so now you mention Basket Stinkhorns that seems much more likely than Protubera. Clathrus ruber has some sightings in the  UK and the eggs match perfectly. Wow, had no idea that we had Cage Fungi in Britain! If only I had seen it fruit! I feel bad for cutting it open now, but I just couldn't leave something that unusual. Unfortunately I didn't get a chance to go back and find more and I'm sure the season will be too far gone now. But it's great to know they're around.

It's crazy they still opened once picked, that's a cool story. Thanks so much for your help, it's made my day!


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19037023 - 10/26/13 06:36 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

3 could be Paxillus panuoides, otherwise it might be a Crepidotus species. The gills should give this one away, if you've got a better picture.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: hasik]
    #19037043 - 10/26/13 06:41 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

7 is definitely an Omphalotus. Maybe Olearius as previously stated, or an illudens variety


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19037063 - 10/26/13 06:45 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

User_7 said:
7). Never seen these before either. Any ideas?







Omphalotus olearius.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19037206 - 10/26/13 07:13 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

I cant say for sure its a basket (Clathrus ruber), but its very reminiscent of the ones I have seen here in California.
Other Clathrus could be suspect... crispus, another basket... most the other stinkhorns don't seem to get the same patterns on the egg-skins...
Its definitely in the Phallaceae family! :tongue:

You could let one hatch to see for sure? lol.
-at a distance. :grin:

Did you pick all of them?
Maybe there are more where you found them that you could observe.

Were any of the ones you cut open showing color?


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OfflineUser_7
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: rev0kadavur]
    #19039396 - 10/27/13 05:08 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

hasik said:
3 could be Paxillus panuoides, otherwise it might be a Crepidotus species. The gills should give this one away, if you've got a better picture.



I was thinking Crepidotus. They maxed out at quite a small size and had quite round edges. Plus if I remember correctly the gills didn't fork. Unfortunately my photography has taken a turn for the worse lately!

Quote:

hasik said:
7 is definitely an Omphalotus. Maybe Olearius as previously stated, or an illudens variety



Quote:

jet li said:
Omphalotus olearius.



I'm hesitant to got with Omphalotus. O. olearius is not reported in the UK. The only species that has been is O. illudens, but that's very rare. Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca on the other hand is extremely common. I should also point out that the mushrooms in #7 are very small, maybe 2-3cm across and they were growing scattered rather than in tufts. How are you guys ruling out Hygrophoropsis?

Quote:

rev0kadavur said:
I cant say for sure its a basket (Clathrus ruber), but its very reminiscent of the ones I have seen here in California.
Other Clathrus could be suspect... crispus, another basket... most the other stinkhorns don't seem to get the same patterns on the egg-skins...
Its definitely in the Phallaceae family! :tongue:

You could let one hatch to see for sure? lol.
-at a distance. :grin:

Did you pick all of them?
Maybe there are more where you found them that you could observe.

Were any of the ones you cut open showing color?



That was the only one I found unfortunately and I didn't get a chance to go back whilst it was still hot. I suspect that it will be to cold for such an exotic species now, but I will have a look when I get a chance. So no colour inside except for that fleshy brain beige.

I'm happy to call it Clathrus ruber because it's the only Cage reported from the UK and the Google image match is good! It could be something else but there's probably no way to tell until next year.

I couldn't 100% rule out Protubera though and that's not even in Phallales let alone Phallaceae. Weird that such a distantly related genus could look so similar. Unless Allan's just running around calling Stinkhorn eggs Protubera without knowing what he's talking about!


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19039431 - 10/27/13 05:32 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Hey User7, nice to see your back... Those are some cool finds, that multicolor Bolete is awesome, they are on my list to find. I completely agree with Hygrophorosis aurantiaca for 7, I find that species in my area all the time. Just curious how you got to Hypholoma on 13... The spore color on top of the ring looks rusty brown? Regardless it is a beautiful mushroom!!


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OfflineUser_7
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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19040190 - 10/27/13 10:47 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Good eye chimpy... for spotting the spores, and my return!

Let's gather the evidence together:





Basically I just spotted these brown to white mushrooms growing in tufts from a log and that was enough for me to slam the Hypholoma stamp. In fact that one from the original post was growing a bit further up the branch from the others on it's own and was slightly larger so it could be distinct. And come to think of it, that ring does look a bit too sturdy... I just don't know what else to call it, it looks so Hypholicious! Any suggestions?


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19040330 - 10/27/13 11:29 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Here are some more mushrooms which somehow escaped the original upload...

15). I wasn't sure if these could be some sort of Gymnopilus based on the rusty spore deposit around annulus?



Unfortunately I found these when my Camera died hence phone snaps. Tree stump in cattle pasture.

16). I've enjoyed an abundance of Field Mushrooms here:



17). Would appreciate any help with this Bolete. Can't find anything matching it's red pores and brown cracking cap:



Found in the summer with Oak if I remember correctly (Could have been Horse Chestnut actually).

18). And finally, these Coprinellus/Coprinopsis, which were pretty groovy considering they grew out of shit:



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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19040347 - 10/27/13 11:34 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Nice shots! The first one is interesting. Maybe it's closer to Stropharia or Leratiomyces?

Glad you are back 7! No longer posting from the southern lowlands?


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19040377 - 10/27/13 11:42 AM (10 years, 3 months ago)

15.  Stropharia
17.  Red pored bolete, possibly undescribed?  I don't know what species.  Interesting, but consider it inedible.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19040660 - 10/27/13 12:51 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Eh, he could have made a mistake. No ones perfect, but he is usually on spot.
It does have that Protubera look, but as you can see its strikingly similar to the look of stinkhorns as well.

My understanding is that Protubera is Phallogastraceae Family. (Protophallaceae)
Clathrus in the Phallaceae Family.

Still getting the hang of biological hierarchy ranking terminology... which is increasingly difficult to keep up with in the changing and switch ups.... reading several decades of books is sometimes a daunting task.

Years down the road perhaps they will make a connection that they haven't made yet.
Those 2 look far too similar to be so completely different.

Habitat influenced evolution maybe?

Interesting to think about.


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: jet li]
    #19040664 - 10/27/13 12:53 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Haha, the irony is I'm more southern than before :tongue:

Stropharia eh? Those spores really did look rusty though... And it was a solid stump, didn't realise they grew from solid wood like that. Cool anyway!

Do you think it's safe to call the Bolete a Boletus? Wasn't hoping to consume them anyway, didn't look too appetising.

Them luridus on the other hand are going strait in the frying pan next time I find them for a seriously colourful breakfast :fancycook:


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19040727 - 10/27/13 01:10 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

I expect nothing less than perfection from the Allamighty Cocky-fellow :crankey: (although of course I don't know that he's not correct)

Do Protubera rely consumption to disperse their spores or what? It'd be surprising if they convergently developed such similarity given the differences in final morphology and widespread distribution... But I shouldn't really pretend to understand these factors and either way it's all cool stuff!


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19040849 - 10/27/13 01:39 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

It seems Wikipedia has the answer! If you look to the right there is a cladogram showing the relationship between Protubera canescens and Clathrus ruber, amongst others. So I guess it's just that things can be closer related than I had assumed whilst still being classified in whole different orders. I suppose there can't be a definite point to draw a line between order/class/genus, so how closely related these classifications makes species can vary.

:hillbilly:


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19041644 - 10/27/13 04:51 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Wow!! 13 does look like a Hypholoma but I cannot figure out which one. The gills have a purplish tinge to them that looks more like Hypholoma then Pholiota. The cap is not scaly at all either...hmmm very interesting find!!


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19041787 - 10/27/13 05:34 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

User_7 said:
It seems Wikipedia has the answer! If you look to the right there is a cladogram showing the relationship between Protubera canescens and Clathrus ruber, amongst others. So I guess it's just that things can be closer related than I had assumed whilst still being classified in whole different orders. I suppose there can't be a definite point to draw a line between order/class/genus, so how closely related these classifications makes species can vary.

:hillbilly:





:thumbup: I didn't even notice that on Wiki... I see it now!

and this is why the scientific classification ranking system for the Fungi kingdom is so damn confusing/frustrating.. :smile:

You would think they would at least be in the same Order... but I guess once they branch off and evolve they can become more distinguished from one another.

well, its in the Agaricomycetes Class, for sure!!!
:awelol:


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: rev0kadavur]
    #19041801 - 10/27/13 05:39 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Nice finds!!!:murray:


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Edited by xfsketch (10/27/13 05:40 PM)


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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: User_7]
    #19041837 - 10/27/13 05:50 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Quote:

User_7 said:
I expect nothing less than perfection from the Allamighty Cocky-fellow :crankey: (although of course I don't know that he's not correct)

Do Protubera rely consumption to disperse their spores or what? It'd be surprising if they convergently developed such similarity given the differences in final morphology and widespread distribution... But I shouldn't really pretend to understand these factors and either way it's all cool stuff!




I would think not, but being described as truffle-like, i dunno:shrug:... maybe thats why stinkhorns branched off, developing a better means for dispersion... I really dont know much at all about Protubera... other than that Alan notes he and some friends ate some on MO. lol... and what little I have read in comparing the 2 the past 2 days.

Came across THIS... not paying to read the rest though!
-Very interesting.. honestly, The simplest explanation is usually the correct one. (Occam's Razor)
Protubera: Stinkhorns in Stasis?
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The Victorian Naturalist,
Volume 127 Issue 2 (April 2010)

The Truffle-like 'Protubera canescens' Is an Early Developmental Stage of the Cage Fungus 'Ileodictyon'

May, Tom W1; Sinnott, Nigel; Sinnott, Alice

Abstract: Recent collections from a site in the Melbourne suburb of Altona North indicate that the truffle-like fungus Protubera canescens may be the young stage of the Cage Fungus Ileodictyon gracile. Over several months, fruit-bodies consistent with descriptions of Protubera canescens were observed, but later, at the same site, lattices emerged, typical of Ileodictyon gracile. In the unopened fruit-bodies radial threads were observed in the gelatinous layer of the peridium. These structures match with literature reports of the morphology of both species, although they have been little discussed previously in Ileodictyon gracile. Two other truffle-like species, Protubera africana and Rhizopogon rodwayi, have the radial threads and co-occur with Ileodictyon gracile. Thus, the possibility that they are also young stages of Ileodictyon should be explored. Development in Ileodictyon is unusual in combining the benefit of an enclosed, hypogeal truffle-like stage, where spore production is protected from desiccation, and an epigeal lattice-stage, from which spores are dispersed by insects.


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- Question # Everything -



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Re: Weird Ball Thing and Other Finds From My New Locality [Re: rev0kadavur]
    #19046016 - 10/28/13 01:01 PM (10 years, 3 months ago)

Good find! I did slightly suspect that someone just found Stinkhorn eggs and didn't realise they were immature so invented Protubera! Haha, but I don't think it's very likely though with 12 species described. Plus with Allan poking about the genus, I wouldn't expect him to miss that kind of mistake.

Interestingly though Ileodictyon seems to still be placed within Phallaceae so if that cladogram is accurate the classifications will need a reshuffling :awesomenod:

Quote:

rev0kadavur said:
well, its in the Agaricomycetes Class, for sure!!!
:awelol:



When I found my weird ball I couldn't even confidently place it in Fungi!!


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