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Invisiblepoke smot!
floccinocci floofinator
Male

Registered: 01/08/03
Posts: 5,248
The chemical/biological action of entheogens
    #1620265 - 06/09/03 09:15 AM (20 years, 7 months ago)

On reading the article <a href="https://www.mind-media.com/go.php?http://" target="_blank">Neuromancing With Neuroscience</a> (The Shroomery), I thought I might toss a few ideas into the air.

The article discusses the underlying information processing and filtering our brain uses, and how serotonin modulates this process in the brain.

Firstly: "Perhaps the most accepted neuropsychological theory holds it that schizophrenia results from an excess of the substance dopamine within the brain."

There are many different forms of schizophrenia. I have heard of numerous ideas on the biological causes. This statement suggests that schizophrenia patients have higher-than-normal levels of dopamine in their brains.

Other studies have shown that some schizophrenics have less dopamine receptors than normal. In this case, the supply of dopamine might not be a problem however there would be lessened receptiveness to its action.

Here's where the tricky part comes in: There are many types of serotonin (5-HT). Some of these types are inhibitory systems, specifically 5-HT type 2a. This is also the receptor that is flooded when entheogens such as psilocybin and LSD.

The idea is that, when activated, neurons with 5-HT2a receptors will inhibit the action of something - be it another neurotransmitter, or perhaps one of the types of serotonin. These systems work to auto-regulate themselves.

By adding an entheogen, perhaps dopamine production is reduced.

Here's where it gets even more tricky. A certain reverse effect can be found in the brain. When some receiving neurons experience reduced receptor activity, the neuron may fire excessively from the excitation of reduced neurotransmitters.

Perhaps by taking an entheogen, the inhibitory effect of serotonin on dopamine relates to tripping and also schizophrenia.

Maybe, if I understand this whole concept correctly, the increased amount of dopamine in some schizophrenic's brains is just the brain's attempt to compensate for the reduced number of dopamine receptors. Even so, the reduced number of receptors could still fire excessively, causing the disorder.

Another idea would be that, as schizophrenia usually doesn't show itself until early adulthood, maybe at the onset of the disorder receiving dopamine neurons are disabled or die. I'm just throwing this idea out there, maybe someone could speculate or comment on these ideas?


Edited by poke smot! (09/07/20 01:27 PM)


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InvisibleXlea321
Stranger
Registered: 02/25/01
Posts: 9,134
Re: The chemical/biological action of entheogens [Re: poke smot!]
    #1620320 - 06/09/03 09:59 AM (20 years, 7 months ago)

I've never been too convinced of the similarity between schizophrenia and entheogens. Main difference is the schizophrenic isn't aware his hallucinations arn't real. Also schizophrenia isn't generally considered a happy experience - whereas mushrooms invoke utter ecstasy.


--------------------
Don't worry, B. Caapi


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InvisiblePhencyclidine
Molecule

Registered: 06/02/03
Posts: 2,915
Re: The chemical/biological action of entheogens [Re: poke smot!]
    #1620963 - 06/09/03 02:10 PM (20 years, 7 months ago)

People are tending to move away from the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia. Researchers are starting to look at glutamatergic mechanisms. Both the 5HT2A binding hallucniogens and the NMDA antagonist dissociative hallucinogens have effects on glutamate receptor activity. Also, NMDA antagonists are considered to be a better 'model psychosis' than the 5HT2A hallucinogens or amphetamine psychosis.

We have years and years to go.


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