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Offlinedevilgoob
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Can someone read this article about tryptamine nutrient?
    #7859135 - 01/10/08 12:17 PM (16 years, 2 months ago)

This issue has been brung up about a thousand times, but for those of you in the know of things, and how adding tryptamine doesn't work, could you read this article. I'm not trying to prove anyone wrong, I just want the elite to breakdown how this doesn't work the article is found here


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If you have a bunch of shrooms, dont eat a "bunch" of a bunch of shrooms.

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OfflineAnnoA
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Re: Can someone read this article about tryptamine nutrient? [Re: devilgoob]
    #7859255 - 01/10/08 12:37 PM (16 years, 2 months ago)

Planta Medica 55 (1989) page 249 - 250

Jochen Gartz
BIOTRANSFORMATION OF TRYPTAMINE IN FRUITING MYCELIA OF PSILOCYBE CUBENSIS.
Jochen Gartz
Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the GDR,
Permoserstrasse 15, GDR-7050 Leipzig, German Democratic Republic

Received: March 13, 1988

ABSTRACT
Mycelial cultures of Psilocybe cubensis, with the ability to form psilocybin and psilocin de-novo, also
hydroxylated and methylated fed tryptamine to give psilocin in up to 3.3% dry mass of the obtained fruit
bodies. By using HPLC and TLC, it was found that these mushrooms contain only a small amount of
psilocybin (0.01-0.2% dry mass). The values of psilocin are the highest described in any mushrooms.

INTRODUCTION
Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Sing, is a subs-tropical mushroom and contains the indole alkaloid psilocybin
and only small amounts of its dephosphorylated counterpart psilocin (1-4). Variations in these metabolites
have been well demonstrated by investigations of fruit bodies cultivated under controlled conditions of a
rye-grain medium (2) and rice substratum (3), respectively.
The study of psilocybin biosynthesis in submerged culture of P. cubensis showed that radioactive
tryptamine functioned as a better precursor than tryptophan (5-7). It was found that not less than 22.4% of
the psilocybin formed was derived from the labeled precursor tryptamine (5). The level of psilocin was
generally zero in the mycelial tissue from these experiments (5-7).
In the present paper, the bio-transformation of fed tryptamine in fruiting mycelia of Psilocybe cubensis is
described.

MATERIALS and METHODS
Cultivation of Psilocybe cubensis
A dried cow dung/rice-grain mixture (2:1) with twice the amount of water was used to obtain fast
fructifications without casing of a strain (3) of Psilocybe cubensis . A 25 mM concentration of tryptamine
(as hydrochloride) was added to this medium. Cultivations without the addition of tryptamine were also
tested. The methods of cultivations were described in (3).
The first sporocarps were produced by cultures of Psilocybe cubensis in 3 to 4 weeks. The cultures
continued to produce mushrooms in five flushes. Each flush was harvested as soon as the sporocarps were
mature. The mushrooms were immediately freeze-dried, sealed in plastic, and stored at -10 degrees C
until analysis.

EXTRACTION and ANALYSIS
The extraction procedure and the analysis of the indole alkaloids by using HPLC and TLC were described
in the previous papers (3,8-10). The presence or absence of tryptamine was demonstrated by TLC as
described by Stijve et al. (11).

RESULTS and DISCUSSION
The cow dung-rice mixture actually produced the first flush of mushrooms earlier than the cultivations on
ry (with casing) (2) and rice (3), respectively. They yielded an average of 3 g dry mass per 10 g substratum.
Under the same culture conditions, the fructification times, the yields, and sizes of the mushrooms as well
as the bluing feature (3) were equal when the growth media also contained high concentrations of
tryptamine. Initial experiments without the addition of tryptamine were performed to determine the
content of psilocybin and psilocin in comparison with experiments using other culture conditions and/or
media (2,3).
The levels of psilocybin and psilocin varied from one flush to the next, but generally were much the same
as those in the other experiments (2,3) (table 1). Consistently low levels of psilocin were found in the
mushrooms without the addition of tryptamine to the substratum. Additionally, psilocin generally was
absent in the first flush as was also observed in earlier investigations (2,3). Table 1 shows that the fed
tryptamine gives high values of psilocin in each flush from the cultures.
Table 1 Variation of psilocybin and psilocin levels in Psilocybe cubensis as a function of flush number
from the cultivations with (a) and without (b) addition of tryptamine (25 mM concentration).

Flush no. Psilocin Psilocin Psilocybin Psilocybin
a b a b
1. 2.1 - 0.01 0.55
2. 3.3 0.01 0.02 0.48
3. 2.8 0.02 0.2 0.51
4. 3.1 0.09 0.07 0.46
5. 2.9 0.15 0.13 0.61

These psilocin levels are uncommonly high (from 2.1 to 3.3%) since values reported for psilocin in dried
mushrooms are always below 1% (1-4,12,13).
Inocybe Aeruginasens Babos contains only traces of psilocin but high amounts of the incompletely
methylated psilocybin (baeocystin) (9). In contrast to the intitial experiments without an addition of
tryptamine, the mushrooms generally contained only small amounts of psilocybin. The tryptamine level
was always zero in each mushroom. In this case no tryptamine was additionally found in the methanolic
extract of the vegetative mycelia from the substratum.
In a previous report, Gartz (3) was unable to detect baeocystin in P. cubensis. But Repke et al. (14)
reported traces of baeocystin in other strains of Psilocybe cubensis about 10 years ago. They suggested
that many non-specific enzyme systems exist in fungi which have the ability to oxidise exogenously
added compounds, as well as normal, obligatory intermediates (14).
The results in Table 1 show that the enzyme systems in Psilocybe cubensis have a high hydroxylation and
methalation capacity to convert added Tryptamine to psilocin. It is possible that a reduced amount of
phosphate in the culture media decreased the bio-synthesis of psilocybin from psilocin in the media.
P.cubensis also failed to produce detectable amounts of baeocystin under these culture conditions.

Acknowledgments
The author thanks the following persons: G. Drewitz, T. Stijve, G.K.Muller, and M. Gey who generously supplied valuable information.

REFERENCES
Heim, R., Hoffman, A. (1958) Compt. 1. Rend. 247,557.
2. Bigwood, J.. Beug, M.W. (1982) J. Ethnopharm. 5, 287.
3. Gartz, J. (1987) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Pilze Mitteleuropas 3. 3, 275.
4. Badham, E. (1984) J. Ethnopharm. 10, 249
5. Agurell, S., Blomkvist, S., Catalfomo, P. (1966) Acta Pharm. Suecica 3, 37.
6. Agurell, S., Nilsson, J.L.G. (1968) Acta Chem. Scand. 22, 1210.
7. Agurell, S., Nilsson, J.L.G. (1968) Tetrahedron Lett. 1063.
8. Gartz, J. (1985) Pharmazie 40, 134.
9. Gartz, J. (1987) Planta Med. 53, 539.
10. Semerdzieva, M., Wurst, M., Koza, T., Gartz, J. (1986) Planta Med. 52, 83.
11. Stijve, T., Hischenhuber, C., Ashley, D. (1984) Z. Mykol. 50, 361.
12. Beug, M.W., Bigwood, J. (1982) J. Ethnopharm. 5, 271.
Ohenoja, E., Jokiranata, J., Makinen, T., Kaikkonen, A., Airaksinen, M.M. (1987) J. Nat. Prod. 50, 741
14. Repke, D.B., Leslie, D.T., Guzman, G. (1977) Lloydia 40, 566.

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Invisiblefastfred
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Re: Can someone read this article about tryptamine nutrient? [Re: Anno]
    #7860519 - 01/10/08 04:45 PM (16 years, 2 months ago)

What exactly is your question? And why didn't you post this in the other thread that you already started on this topic?

We've all already read the paper here, it's pretty straightforward.

http://jug-or-not.com/shroom/tips.html
Quote:

Tryptamine HCL tips:

(I WILL NOT OFFER TECH SUPPORT ON TRYPTAMINE GROWTH)

First off, the PF tryptamine cubensis variation works very well,except that the main head-wriggling compound produced is psilocin as opposed to the more shelf stable psilocybin.

As many may have already figured out, there just isn't enough phosphorus in the substrate to support psilocybin production...quite simply, it is used up. My answer to this was to add a small amount of phosphoric acid (H3PO4)to the water at the same time you add the tryptamine HCl, and adjust to neutral to wide-base Ph paper using NaOH.

I admit to a small amount of salt formation, but I haven't seen adverse results from the tiny bit of NaCl produced. A reminder is that many of the best hunting places in Fla. and Texas are saltmarsh and near-coastal lowlands.

I figure the organism is already accustomed to a small amount of salts in it's diet. This will give the mushie substrate enough Phosphorus to complete the conversion of psilocin to psilocybin in vivo. Hence, when you dry and store your mushrooms properly, the more stable psilocybin molecule is retained as opposed to psilocin, which oxidizes rather quickly.

THANKS TO SUNSHINE MIKE FOR THIS ONE!!!!






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