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veggie

Registered: 07/25/04
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Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction?
#12965236 - 07/28/10 02:04 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? July 26, 2010 - Los Angeles Times By Shari Roan
The effects of methylphenidate -- a stimulant used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder -- are interesting. The drug clearly helps many people with ADHD with mental focus and concentration. And although many parents fear giving the medication to children diagnosed with ADHD because it is a drug (and drugs can be abused), studies show that those children and teens who benefit from the medication are less likely to abuse drugs. Kids with ADHD who are untreated are at higher risk for substance abuse issues.
Now a study has come along that ties the benefits of methylphenidate with treatment for substance abuse. The study found that giving Ritalin, a brand name for methylphenidate, to people with cocaine addiction seemed to help them with impulse control. Impulse control is, of course, a major reason why people succumb to substance abuse even when they know it's bad for them.
Researchers from Yale University gave 10 volunteers Ritalin and then used functional MRI to scan their brain activity while they engaged in a computer task that assessed impulse control. When the 10 subjects received Ritalin, they were better able to control their impulses than during a separate session, two days later, when they received a placebo instead of the medication. Functional MRI scans showed changes from Ritalin use in brain areas that reflect inhibitory control, particularly a region called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain seems to be crucial to "behavioral control during emotionally difficult situations," the authors wrote. And Ritalin appears to help normalize it.
The study was small, however, and future research will be needed to determine whether Ritalin could be part of the arsenal of treatment options for people with addictions. The study was released Monday in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Newfound_wonder
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: veggie]
#12965349 - 07/28/10 04:20 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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I don't know, after coming down from dexedrine I have a small but insatiable urge to eat/drink/smoke/do drugs. I blame the orexins, but I'm not a scientist.
-------------------- If it's good for fungus, it's good for us...
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curenado
73rd Man



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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: Newfound_wonder]
#12965403 - 07/28/10 05:06 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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"Meth is bad but ritalin and adderal cure everything!"
-------------------- Yours in the Natural State!
"The woods are lovely, dark and deep; but I have patches to keep, and jars to sterilize before I sleep...."
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Tcm19277



Registered: 01/25/09
Posts: 1,084
Loc: S.E. UK
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: curenado]
#12965519 - 07/28/10 06:18 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
curenado said:


"Meth is bad but ritalin and adderal cure everything!"
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piracetam
bioanalytical chemist


Registered: 05/03/08
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: Tcm19277]
#12965639 - 07/28/10 07:12 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
Tcm19277 said:
Quote:
curenado said:


"Meth is bad but ritalin and adderal cure everything!"

-------------------- "It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson
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badchad
Mad Scientist

Registered: 03/02/05
Posts: 7,905
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
#12965762 - 07/28/10 07:56 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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I bet I know something else that help "impulse control" in cocaine users.
Cocaine.
I guess the question is one of relative risk. Is treatment with ritalin "better" relative to an existing addiction to "street cocaine" (or pharmaceutical grade coke for that matter).
-------------------- ...the whole experience is (and is as) a profound piece of knowledge. It is an indellible experience; it is forever known. I have known myself in a way I doubt I would have ever occurred except as it did.
Smith, P. Bull. Menninger Clinic (1959) 23:20-27; p. 27.
...most subjects find the experience valuable, some find it frightening, and many say that is it uniquely lovely.
Osmond, H. Annals, NY Acad Science (1957) 66:418-434; p.436
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BlindSophist
drunken preacher


Registered: 07/11/06
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: badchad]
#12966258 - 07/28/10 10:29 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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I think there's a pretty meaningful difference between taking a 10mg tab of ritalin with breakfast and snorting a gram of coke off a mirror with beer.
-------------------- Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche
 
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5-HT2A


Registered: 01/30/10
Posts: 1,634
Loc: The Prefrontal Cortex
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: badchad]
#12966275 - 07/28/10 10:32 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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I wonder who funded this study.
The pharmaceutical industry is eager to avoid developing new medications to save money, so they are constantly looking for new "uses" for their existing products.
To me, the idea that anybody should take a pill to reduce the risk of addiction down the road is a terrible and dangerous idea. And that isn't what the thing says but who would be surprised if we headed down that road?
Ibogaine probably works a million times better than ritalin. Ritalin nurses and encourages the addict's need to have dopaminergic relief, Ibogaine eliminates significant parts of the extraneous need itself. This is where we should be focusing our efforts, on repairing the underlying problems, spiritual, gene expression, social and whatever else.
But the money isn't in curing people. It's not in healthy people and it's not in the dead. The money is somewhere in the middle and that's what such a treatment speaks to, the avoidance of a real solution.
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BlindSophist
drunken preacher


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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: 5-HT2A]
#12966332 - 07/28/10 10:44 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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There's a major risk involved with exposing mentally fragile people such as those who are serious drug addicts to a 24-hour psychedelic trip, especially when most nurses/doctors are not in the least inclined to hang around with their patients for 24 hours. I'm not going to deny that it all comes down to the bottom line, but if you can think of a way to make ibogaine treatment clinically feasible for any but the richest drug addicts then I'll be all ears.
IMO psychedelic treatments need to be left in the hand of clergymen. It works for ayahuasca. Why do you think it's protected by law in spite of its rapid growth in reputation among westerners? Because its advocates are religious clergy and churchgoers, not doctors. Most people have a serious and well-justified phobia about having a medical doctor wade around in the deepest darkest parts of their unconscious. Furthermore, the church environment is simply superior to a clinic for administering psychedelic drugs and undergoing mystical journeys, and priests and laymen don't need to be paid for every hour they work with a patient like doctors and nurses do. I'm not saying psychedelics should be off-limits to scientific inquiry, but scientific inquiry should focus on pure understanding of the pharmacology, not on treatment methods, which seem to be vastly more reliable and effective when left in the hands of the religious.
Ritalin's efficacy in improving impulse control across the board is well-documented. This is not a far-out idea for cheap and safe treatment. I know when I started adderall my drinking plummeted, simply because I became more inclined to think through the potential consequences of my actions before grabbing that bottle of tequila on the way home.
-------------------- Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche
 
Edited by Tchan909 (07/28/10 11:58 AM)
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piracetam
bioanalytical chemist


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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
#12966452 - 07/28/10 11:15 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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so you consider rewiring D1 inputs beneficial? because that is what methylphenidate and racemic amphetamine salts (and cocaine, for that matter) effectively do.
so the dilemma becomes, substitute one vice with another. brilliant.
i also wonder who funded this study.
-------------------- "It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson
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BlindSophist
drunken preacher


Registered: 07/11/06
Posts: 20,224
Loc: SF Bay Area
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
#12966469 - 07/28/10 11:20 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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I don't know what D1 input is, or what practical effect is represented by its "rewiring," but IME addiction recovery always involves some degree of displacement.
-------------------- Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche
 
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piracetam
bioanalytical chemist


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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
#12966487 - 07/28/10 11:25 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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D1 is dopamine receptors. ritalin, addy, and cocaine all block dopamine reuptake and i have a hard time believing ritalin is a solution to addiction. it would likely make the person dependent on ritalin.
but then again, that's how pharm companies make money. ongoing "treatment"
-------------------- "It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson
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Tcm19277


Registered: 01/25/09
Posts: 1,084
Loc: S.E. UK
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
#12966491 - 07/28/10 11:25 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
piracetam said: so the dilemma becomes, substitute one vice with another. brilliant.
exactly.
if ritalin can keep cocaine addicts happy, then why not?
if they arent going to quit, at least make it a bit safer with the legitamately produced amphetamine and methylphenidate
the best thing would be when the addicts decide for themselves that they need to quit, and actually truely beleive it. thats what gets people off drugs, not fancy treatmens (mostly)
if you force someone to quit and they dont want to yet (maybe never), then as soon as you get them clean somehow, in a hospital bed or locked in somewhere for example. as soon as they get out, they are going to go buy some drugs most likely, as they never wanted to quit anyway.
people should be supporting learning about yourself and correct information, not ibogaine and substituting cocaine for ritalin, or heroin for methadone.
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Tcm19277


Registered: 01/25/09
Posts: 1,084
Loc: S.E. UK
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
#12966498 - 07/28/10 11:27 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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+ this .
Quote:
piracetam said: and i have a hard time believing ritalin is a solution to addiction. it would likely make the person dependent on ritalin.
but then again, that's how pharm companies make money. ongoing "treatment"
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piracetam
bioanalytical chemist


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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: Tcm19277]
#12966503 - 07/28/10 11:27 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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that's like saying, "lets treat alcoholism with clonazepam".
ibogaine is a brute force hack of the nucleus accumbens. there must be combinations that would inhibit the psychedelic side effects while retaining the feedback inhibition, but pharm companies won't even invest in research of analogues because it's too effective.
-------------------- "It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson
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BlindSophist
drunken preacher


Registered: 07/11/06
Posts: 20,224
Loc: SF Bay Area
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
#12966537 - 07/28/10 11:33 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Clonazepam is a very effective treatment for alcoholism when going cold-turkey would result in seizures and hallucinations.
Bottom line, recovery from a 10mg a day of ritalin habit is a much easier, safer, and cleaner proposition than from a 1g a day of cocaine habit. Nobody doubts that dependency is only being replaced in treatments like this, but when it comes to hard addictions to hard drugs, damage control is paramount.
-------------------- Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche
 
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badchad
Mad Scientist

Registered: 03/02/05
Posts: 7,905
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
#12966581 - 07/28/10 11:42 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
Tchan909 said:
I think there's a pretty meaningful difference between taking a 10mg tab of ritalin with breakfast and snorting a gram of coke off a mirror with beer.
But it may not be entirely different than injecting ritalin (which is what they did in the study).
In terms of clinical outcome, methylphenidate has mixed (e.g. relatively poor) results in the treatment of cocaine dependence.
This brings into question the relevance of laboratory assessments of "inhibitory control" to actual cocaine abstinence.
Further, if cocaine also reduces "inhibitory control" to a degree similar to methylphenidate, then you're faced with the question of whether methylphenidate would actually outperform a low-dose, cocaine substitution therapy in terms of abstinence.

NIH funded the study.
-------------------- ...the whole experience is (and is as) a profound piece of knowledge. It is an indellible experience; it is forever known. I have known myself in a way I doubt I would have ever occurred except as it did.
Smith, P. Bull. Menninger Clinic (1959) 23:20-27; p. 27.
...most subjects find the experience valuable, some find it frightening, and many say that is it uniquely lovely.
Osmond, H. Annals, NY Acad Science (1957) 66:418-434; p.436
Edited by badchad (07/28/10 11:44 AM)
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BlindSophist
drunken preacher


Registered: 07/11/06
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: badchad]
#12966591 - 07/28/10 11:46 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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I didn't catch that the mph was IV.
Either way, low-dose stims improve impulse control while high-dose stims weaken it. This is pretty well-known.
No doubt low-dose cocaine administration could also be an effective treatment measure in cocaine addicts who genuinely want to get their lives together. We have already seen that this is also a very effective measure with heroin addicts.
Either way, I think both methods are probably more effective and humane than just throwing addicts into prison or demanding they go cold-turkey.
-------------------- Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche
 
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nooneman
Stranger
Registered: 04/24/09
Posts: 2,897
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
#12968039 - 07/28/10 04:31 PM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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As much as I love methylphenidate, I have to admit that I have rather poor impulse control when it comes to taking it. Although I do have good impulse control when it comes to how much I take, it's hard to resist taking it at all on a given day. But I like it a lot, I react very well to it. As a lot of other people mentioned, it probably helps people who take cocaine simply because it affects the same receptors, much like how methadone is used to help opiate addicts.
Methylphenidate is actually speculated to function similarly to both amphetamine and cocaine. Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine (much like an SSRI for dopamine), while amphetamine causes the actual release of dopamine (without inhibiting the reuptake). Methylphenidate is thought to do both, but perhaps not as strongly as either amphetamine or cocaine.
Is it safer? Well, it depends on what it's compared to. I'd say it's probably safer than meth, but safer than plain old amphetamine? If I had to guess, I'd say they're equally safe. Regardless, I like the thinking of this study.
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Newfound_wonder
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: veggie]
#12970548 - 07/29/10 04:38 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
veggie said: Researchers from Yale University gave 10 volunteers Ritalin and then used functional MRI to scan their brain activity while they engaged in a computer task that assessed impulse control. When the 10 subjects received Ritalin, they were better able to control their impulses than during a separate session, two days later, when they received a placebo instead of the medication. Functional MRI scans showed changes from Ritalin use in brain areas that reflect inhibitory control, particularly a region called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain seems to be crucial to "behavioral control during emotionally difficult situations," the authors wrote. And Ritalin appears to help normalize it.
Woah woah woah, wait. Did this study actually test ritalin's effect on controlling cocaine cravings, or did this study find that people on ritalin are better at video games than off ritalin? If they are seriously claiming that ritalin will help cokeheads resist the urge to do a rail because it helped a handful of participants with a computer program then I have to be skeptical. I'm sure a cokehead associates far more pleasurable memories to seeing or thinking about an 8-ball than seeing a dot on a screen. The impulse control you would need to resist the urge to do coke is enormous compared to the impulse control you need to not push a button on a computer, especially if you know how good it feels. Testing ritalin's ability to control cravings by using a computer program would be like testing the strength of a dam by using a water hose.
And I'm with 2A; we'd be better off learning how ibogaine changes receptor density and synaptic connections in different parts of the brain and either design a molecule that could do a better job of re-wiring an addict's brain or find the optimal environment, dose, and protocol needed to maximize the therapeutic value of ibogaine.
I'm all for using science to make rehabilitation as painless as possible. Addictions cost all of society and are a big problem.
-------------------- If it's good for fungus, it's good for us...
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5-HT2A


Registered: 01/30/10
Posts: 1,634
Loc: The Prefrontal Cortex
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
#12971068 - 07/29/10 09:14 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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Quote:
There's a major risk involved with exposing mentally fragile people such as those who are serious drug addicts to a 24-hour psychedelic trip, especially when most nurses/doctors are not in the least inclined to hang around with their patients for 24 hours. I'm not going to deny that it all comes down to the bottom line, but if you can think of a way to make ibogaine treatment clinically feasible for any but the richest drug addicts then I'll be all ears.
Ummm health insurance? And doctors will do what is needed of them. If they'll perform an 18 hour surgery they'll hang around a tripping patient, or take turns. It's not hard. Additionally, "mentally fragile" is not a clinical term. Schizophrenic people are at the greatest danger when taking psychedelics, but I don't think that most drug addicts have that problem. Or would care. Live on the street, or try this difficult cure. What would you pick? Ibogaine has only been shown to be fatal to people with pre-existing heart trouble.
Quote:
IMO psychedelic treatments need to be left in the hand of clergymen. It works for ayahuasca. Why do you think it's protected by law in spite of its rapid growth in reputation among westerners? Because its advocates are religious clergy and churchgoers, not doctors. Most people have a serious and well-justified phobia about having a medical doctor wade around in the deepest darkest parts of their unconscious. Furthermore, the church environment is simply superior to a clinic for administering psychedelic drugs and undergoing mystical journeys, and priests and laymen don't need to be paid for every hour they work with a patient like doctors and nurses do. I'm not saying psychedelics should be off-limits to scientific inquiry, but scientific inquiry should focus on pure understanding of the pharmacology, not on treatment methods, which seem to be vastly more reliable and effective when left in the hands of the religious.
There are advantages to having a shaman do it, but to say they are superior to doctors is oversimplifying. Each brings his own knowledge base that is useful in different ways.
Quote:
Ritalin's efficacy in improving impulse control across the board is well-documented. This is not a far-out idea for cheap and safe treatment. I know when I started adderall my drinking plummeted, simply because I became more inclined to think through the potential consequences of my actions before grabbing that bottle of tequila on the way home.
You wanted to drink less because your pleasure center was already stimulated. Presto! Alcohol has messy pharmacology and definitely affects dopamine. But ritalin is far more drawn to those receptors. And remember there isn't anything you do that isn't for dopamine.
I am not as in favor of trading one vice for an easier one as I am for putting the original vice to sleep.
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BlindSophist
drunken preacher


Registered: 07/11/06
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: 5-HT2A]
#12971825 - 07/29/10 12:03 PM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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I love how you act like ritalin is no different than alcohol just because they both have action on the dopamine receptors. Next time I have to refill my adderall prescription, I'll remember to save myself some money and just grab some tequila instead.
And speak for yourself with regards to "vice." IMO prescription drug regimens are not a vice. I appreciate your sage wisdom though. You should write a book.
When I say "mentally fragile" I am referring to the anxiety and panic disorders common in serious addicts. Psychedelics do not mix well with mood disorders - there are a lot of folks right here on the Shroomery who have had debilitating anxiety disorders kicked off by something as comparatively mild as mushrooms.
Using psychedelics as a healing tool requires a certain modicum of creativity, lacked by many doctors who are simply good test-takers. I do not think doctors can ever be reliably effective psychedelic mediators, at least not in the world we live in today. Most doctors excel essentially at diagnosis and dosing regimens, wouldn't know how to treat a spiritual sickness like addiction if the course of therapy went beyond diagnosis and dosing regimens. For psychedelics to be an effective medical treatment would require the training of an entirely new class of doctors. The medical profession is far too conservative to do that without a REALLY good reason - for example, if it had to compete with widespread and effective psychedelic treatment in a non- or quasi-medical context. Think chiropractors.
Never mind the cost. Again. Do you think health insurance just falls out of the sky? Are you still on your parents' plan? Lots of people can't afford it, and if all health plans included provisions for ibogaine therapy then certainly NOBODY would be able to afford it. Many insurance providers actually drop addicts in order to save money.
I'm all in favor of ibogaine therapy but the idea that it could become a mainstream medical treatment under current laws and standards is ludicrous. Piracetam probably has the most reasonable expectation, that a non-psychedelic analogue may be found, though from what I've read, I doubt ibogaine would be so effective an addiction treatment without the visionary qualities.
Edited by Tchan909 (07/29/10 01:13 PM)
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curenado
73rd Man



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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
#13020697 - 08/08/10 06:58 AM (1 year, 9 months ago) |
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<<Either way, low-dose stims improve impulse control while high-dose stims weaken it. This is pretty well-known.
No doubt low-dose cocaine administration could also be an effective treatment measure in cocaine addicts who genuinely want to get their lives together. We have already seen that this is also a very effective measure with heroin addicts.
Either way, I think both methods are probably more effective and humane than just throwing addicts into prison or demanding they go cold-turkey.>>
Theoretically that may sound half right, but it's not realistic. Snap shot studies can "demonstrate" pretty much anything. But shroomery is full of drug experts that have never worked a day in detox and are quoting retarda-pedia (wiki! it's fun!)
This study does seem to go along with the dumb down and medicate agenda though. That's the most realistic thing it's shown so far.
Addicting people to an insurance billable drug doesn't have anything to do with curing addiction. Iboga and substances that demonstrate some factual effect that alters the syndrome in at least some people might be more solid, but this "5 studies a week on why we should take speed" lately has been really just dribbling marketing bullshit. Just like impluse control - maybe for the first little while it looks good (fools some people - like fools) then it deteriorates and is worse than controls, like any other psychotmimetic. But people love speed and so will come up with anything. People who sell it to them know this and seem to be able to get away with anything these days. I see it as the industrial transition from drugs you can have on your own to drugs you must buy, with permission, from a licensed dealer masquerading as a physician. That's about all.
These folks believe US medical studies hands down though!:

Funniest part of this is that Ritalin has been around long enough for us to see it factually fuck over 2 generations of children and have ZERO long term benefits. Only works while they are high, doesn't work that well and as far as we know actually fucks them up worse later in life. So far, the only real benefits have been to drug companies, the dumb-down-and-dump agenda and really fucked up insects that have no business being parents anyway.
edit: I was looking back through and though this is not in the context it was meant, as a doctor I find this statement: <<And doctors will do what is needed of them>> The shortest and most chilling horror story I have ever read. (The record has been broken, because the shrotest horror story used to be two sentences )
Edited by curenado (08/08/10 07:06 AM)
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