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InvisibleveggieM

Registered: 07/25/04
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Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction?
    #12965236 - 07/28/10 02:04 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction?
July 26, 2010 - Los Angeles Times
By Shari Roan

The effects of methylphenidate -- a stimulant used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder -- are interesting. The drug clearly helps many people with ADHD with mental focus and concentration. And although many parents fear giving the medication to children diagnosed with ADHD because it is a drug (and drugs can be abused), studies show that those children and teens who benefit from the medication are less likely to abuse drugs. Kids with ADHD who are untreated are at higher risk for substance abuse issues.

Now a study has come along that ties the benefits of methylphenidate with treatment for substance abuse. The study found that giving Ritalin, a brand name for methylphenidate, to people with cocaine addiction seemed to help them with impulse control. Impulse control is, of course, a major reason why people succumb to substance abuse even when they know it's bad for them.

Researchers from Yale University gave 10 volunteers Ritalin and then used functional MRI to scan their brain activity while they engaged in a computer task that assessed impulse control. When the 10 subjects received Ritalin, they were better able to control their impulses than during a separate session, two days later, when they received a placebo instead of the medication. Functional MRI scans showed changes from Ritalin use in brain areas that reflect inhibitory control, particularly a region called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain seems to be crucial to "behavioral control during emotionally difficult situations," the authors wrote. And Ritalin appears to help normalize it.

The study was small, however, and future research will be needed to determine whether Ritalin could be part of the arsenal of treatment options for people with addictions. The study was released Monday in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.


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OfflineNewfound_wonder
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: veggie]
    #12965349 - 07/28/10 04:20 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

I don't know, after coming down from dexedrine I have a small but insatiable urge to eat/drink/smoke/do drugs.  I blame the orexins, but I'm not a scientist.


--------------------
If it's good for fungus, it's good for us...


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Offlinecurenado
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: Newfound_wonder]
    #12965403 - 07/28/10 05:06 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

:lol: :lol:


"Meth is bad but ritalin and adderal cure everything!"


--------------------
Yours in the Natural State!
"The woods are lovely, dark and deep; but I have patches to keep, and jars to sterilize before I sleep...."


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InvisibleTcm19277
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: curenado]
    #12965519 - 07/28/10 06:18 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

Quote:

curenado said:
:lol: :lol:


"Meth is bad but ritalin and adderal cure everything!"





:ilold:


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OfflinepiracetamM
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: Tcm19277]
    #12965639 - 07/28/10 07:12 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

Quote:

Tcm19277 said:
Quote:

curenado said:
:lol: :lol:


"Meth is bad but ritalin and adderal cure everything!"





:ilold:




--------------------
benzyme of the Nexus


"It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson


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Invisiblebadchad
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
    #12965762 - 07/28/10 07:56 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

I bet I know something else that help "impulse control" in cocaine users.

Cocaine.

I guess the question is one of relative risk.  Is treatment with ritalin "better" relative to an existing addiction to "street cocaine" (or pharmaceutical grade coke for that matter).


--------------------
...the whole experience is (and is as) a profound piece of knowledge.  It is an indellible experience; it is forever known.  I have known myself in a way I doubt I would have ever occurred except as it did.

Smith, P.  Bull. Menninger Clinic (1959) 23:20-27; p. 27.

...most subjects find the experience valuable, some find it frightening, and many say that is it uniquely lovely.

Osmond, H.  Annals, NY Acad Science (1957) 66:418-434; p.436


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InvisibleBlindSophist
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: badchad]
    #12966258 - 07/28/10 10:29 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

:picard:

I think there's a pretty meaningful difference between taking a 10mg tab of ritalin with breakfast and snorting a gram of coke off a mirror with beer.


--------------------
Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche


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Invisible5-HT2A
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: badchad]
    #12966275 - 07/28/10 10:32 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

I wonder who funded this study.

The pharmaceutical industry is eager to avoid developing new medications to save money, so they are constantly looking for new "uses" for their existing products.

To me, the idea that anybody should take a pill to reduce the risk of addiction down the road is a terrible and dangerous idea. And that isn't what the thing says but who would be surprised if we headed down that road?

Ibogaine probably works a million times better than ritalin. Ritalin nurses and encourages the addict's need to have dopaminergic relief, Ibogaine eliminates significant parts of the extraneous need itself. This is where we should be focusing our efforts, on repairing the underlying problems, spiritual, gene expression, social and whatever else.

But the money isn't in curing people. It's not in healthy people and it's not in the dead. The money is somewhere in the middle and that's what such a treatment speaks to, the avoidance of a real solution.


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InvisibleBlindSophist
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: 5-HT2A]
    #12966332 - 07/28/10 10:44 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

There's a major risk involved with exposing mentally fragile people such as those who are serious drug addicts to a 24-hour psychedelic trip, especially when most nurses/doctors are not in the least inclined to hang around with their patients for 24 hours. I'm not going to deny that it all comes down to the bottom line, but if you can think of a way to make ibogaine treatment clinically feasible for any but the richest drug addicts then I'll be all ears.

IMO psychedelic treatments need to be left in the hand of clergymen. It works for ayahuasca. Why do you think it's protected by law in spite of its rapid growth in reputation among westerners? Because its advocates are religious clergy and churchgoers, not doctors. Most people have a serious and well-justified phobia about having a medical doctor wade around in the deepest darkest parts of their unconscious. Furthermore, the church environment is simply superior to a clinic for administering psychedelic drugs and undergoing mystical journeys, and priests and laymen don't need to be paid for every hour they work with a patient like doctors and nurses do. I'm not saying psychedelics should be off-limits to scientific inquiry, but scientific inquiry should focus on pure understanding of the pharmacology, not on treatment methods, which seem to be vastly more reliable and effective when left in the hands of the religious.

Ritalin's efficacy in improving impulse control across the board is well-documented. This is not a far-out idea for cheap and safe treatment. I know when I started adderall my drinking plummeted, simply because I became more inclined to think through the potential consequences of my actions before grabbing that bottle of tequila on the way home.


--------------------
Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche


Edited by Tchan909 (07/28/10 11:58 AM)


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OfflinepiracetamM
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
    #12966452 - 07/28/10 11:15 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

so you consider rewiring D1 inputs beneficial?
because that is what methylphenidate and racemic amphetamine salts (and cocaine, for that matter) effectively do.

so the dilemma becomes, substitute one vice with another. brilliant.

i also wonder who funded this study.


--------------------
benzyme of the Nexus


"It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson


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InvisibleBlindSophist
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
    #12966469 - 07/28/10 11:20 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

I don't know what D1 input is, or what practical effect is represented by its "rewiring," but IME addiction recovery always involves some degree of displacement.


--------------------
Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche


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OfflinepiracetamM
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
    #12966487 - 07/28/10 11:25 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

D1 is dopamine receptors. ritalin, addy, and cocaine all block dopamine reuptake
and i have a hard time believing ritalin is a solution to addiction. it would likely make the person dependent on ritalin.

but then again, that's how pharm companies make money. ongoing "treatment"


--------------------
benzyme of the Nexus


"It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson


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InvisibleTcm19277
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
    #12966491 - 07/28/10 11:25 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

Quote:

piracetam said:
so the dilemma becomes, substitute one vice with another. brilliant.





exactly.

if ritalin can keep cocaine addicts happy, then why not?

if they arent going to quit, at least make it a bit safer with the legitamately produced amphetamine and methylphenidate

the best thing would be when the addicts decide for themselves that they need to quit, and actually truely beleive it. thats what gets people off drugs, not fancy treatmens (mostly)

if you force someone to quit and they dont want to yet (maybe never), then as soon as you get them clean somehow, in a hospital bed or locked in somewhere for example.
as soon as they get out, they are going to go buy some drugs most likely, as they never wanted to quit anyway.

people should be supporting learning about yourself and correct information, not ibogaine and substituting cocaine for ritalin, or heroin for methadone.
:crazy2:


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InvisibleTcm19277
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
    #12966498 - 07/28/10 11:27 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

+ this .

Quote:

piracetam said:
and i have a hard time believing ritalin is a solution to addiction. it would likely make the person dependent on ritalin.

but then again, that's how pharm companies make money. ongoing "treatment"




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OfflinepiracetamM
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: Tcm19277]
    #12966503 - 07/28/10 11:27 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

that's like saying, "lets treat alcoholism with clonazepam". :drooling:

ibogaine is a brute force hack of the nucleus accumbens. there must be combinations that would inhibit the psychedelic side effects while retaining the feedback inhibition, but pharm companies won't even invest in research of analogues because it's too effective.


--------------------
benzyme of the Nexus


"It only takes 20 years for a liberal to become a conservative without changing a single idea.
In an evolving universe, who stands still moves backwards." ~R.A. Wilson


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InvisibleBlindSophist
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
    #12966537 - 07/28/10 11:33 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

Clonazepam is a very effective treatment for alcoholism when going cold-turkey would result in seizures and hallucinations.

Bottom line, recovery from a 10mg a day of ritalin habit is a much easier, safer, and cleaner proposition than from a 1g a day of cocaine habit. Nobody doubts that dependency is only being replaced in treatments like this, but when it comes to hard addictions to hard drugs, damage control is paramount.


--------------------
Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche


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Invisiblebadchad
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: BlindSophist]
    #12966581 - 07/28/10 11:42 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

Quote:

Tchan909 said:
:picard:

I think there's a pretty meaningful difference between taking a 10mg tab of ritalin with breakfast and snorting a gram of coke off a mirror with beer.




But it may not be entirely different than injecting ritalin (which is what they did in the study).

In terms of clinical outcome, methylphenidate has mixed (e.g. relatively poor) results in the treatment of cocaine dependence. 

This brings into question the relevance of laboratory assessments  of "inhibitory control" to actual cocaine abstinence.

Further, if cocaine also reduces "inhibitory control" to a degree similar to methylphenidate, then you're faced with the question of whether methylphenidate would actually outperform a low-dose, cocaine substitution therapy in terms of abstinence.

:picard:

NIH funded the study.


--------------------
...the whole experience is (and is as) a profound piece of knowledge.  It is an indellible experience; it is forever known.  I have known myself in a way I doubt I would have ever occurred except as it did.

Smith, P.  Bull. Menninger Clinic (1959) 23:20-27; p. 27.

...most subjects find the experience valuable, some find it frightening, and many say that is it uniquely lovely.

Osmond, H.  Annals, NY Acad Science (1957) 66:418-434; p.436


Edited by badchad (07/28/10 11:44 AM)


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InvisibleBlindSophist
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: badchad]
    #12966591 - 07/28/10 11:46 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

I didn't catch that the mph was IV.

Either way, low-dose stims improve impulse control while high-dose stims weaken it. This is pretty well-known.

No doubt low-dose cocaine administration could also be an effective treatment measure in cocaine addicts who genuinely want to get their lives together. We have already seen that this is also a very effective measure with heroin addicts.

Either way, I think both methods are probably more effective and humane than just throwing addicts into prison or demanding they go cold-turkey.


--------------------
Love of one is a barbarism; for it is exercised at the expense of all others. The love of God, too.
--Friedrich Nietzsche


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Invisiblenooneman
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: piracetam]
    #12968039 - 07/28/10 04:31 PM (1 year, 6 months ago)

As much as I love methylphenidate, I have to admit that I have rather poor impulse control when it comes to taking it. Although I do have good impulse control when it comes to how much I take, it's hard to resist taking it at all on a given day. But I like it a lot, I react very well to it. As a lot of other people mentioned, it probably helps people who take cocaine simply because it affects the same receptors, much like how methadone is used to help opiate addicts.

Methylphenidate is actually speculated to function similarly to both amphetamine and cocaine. Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine (much like an SSRI for dopamine), while amphetamine causes the actual release of dopamine (without inhibiting the reuptake). Methylphenidate is thought to do both, but perhaps not as strongly as either amphetamine or cocaine.

Is it safer? Well, it depends on what it's compared to. I'd say it's probably safer than meth, but safer than plain old amphetamine? If I had to guess, I'd say they're equally safe. Regardless, I like the thinking of this study.


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OfflineNewfound_wonder
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Re: Can Ritalin help people overcome drug addiction? [Re: veggie]
    #12970548 - 07/29/10 04:38 AM (1 year, 6 months ago)

Quote:

veggie said:
Researchers from Yale University gave 10 volunteers Ritalin and then used functional MRI to scan their brain activity while they engaged in a computer task that assessed impulse control. When the 10 subjects received Ritalin, they were better able to control their impulses than during a separate session, two days later, when they received a placebo instead of the medication. Functional MRI scans showed changes from Ritalin use in brain areas that reflect inhibitory control, particularly a region called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This part of the brain seems to be crucial to "behavioral control during emotionally difficult situations," the authors wrote. And Ritalin appears to help normalize it.





Woah woah woah, wait.  Did this study actually test ritalin's effect on controlling cocaine cravings, or did this study find that people on ritalin are better at video games than off ritalin?  If they are seriously claiming that ritalin will help cokeheads resist the urge to do a rail because it helped a handful of participants with a computer program then I have to be skeptical.  I'm sure a cokehead associates far more pleasurable memories to seeing or thinking about an 8-ball than seeing a dot on a screen.  The impulse control you would need to resist the urge to do coke is enormous compared to the impulse control you need to not push a button on a computer, especially if you know how good it feels.  Testing ritalin's ability to control cravings by using a computer program would be like testing the strength of a dam by using a water hose.

And I'm with 2A; we'd be better off learning how ibogaine changes receptor density and synaptic connections in different parts of the brain and either design a molecule that could do a better job of re-wiring an addict's brain or find the optimal environment, dose, and protocol needed to maximize the therapeutic value of ibogaine.

I'm all for using science to make rehabilitation as painless as possible.  Addictions cost all of society and are a big problem.


--------------------
If it's good for fungus, it's good for us...


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