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Copelandia tropicalis = Panaeolus tropicalis

Natarajan & Raman




Description: The cap is less than 20 mm across, with a convex shape and an incurved margin when young. It is smooth and grey, often with a brown center and margin. The gills are adnexed and grey, with blackish spots. The stem is 5-12 cm tall, 2.5 mm thick, hollow, and slightly swollen at the base. The spores are dark violet black, ellipsoid, measuring 11 x 8 micrometres. The entire mushroom bruises blue where it is handled.

It can be differentiated from Copelandia cyanescens by microscopic characteristics.

Habitat and distribution: Copelandia tropicalis is mushroom that grows on dung. It has been found in Hawaii, Cambodia, Mexico, Tanzania, the Philippines, the Bononi Islands, and Japan and the Cook Islands


Panaeolus tropicalis

Image source:  http://www.thehawkseye.com/pantrop/

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