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Psilocybe weilii article
Full SizeCommon Names: Bottle-capped Psilocybe
Cap: 2-6 cm broad. Campanulate to bluntly conic with an inrolled margin when young, then incurved, often with an irregular, soon expanding to broadly convex to nearly plane, to uplifted in age. Dark chestnut brown to deep olivaceous brown, typically with a blackish brown zone around the disc, where flesh is 3-4 mm thick at its center. Strongly hygrophanous, fading in drying to pallid brown to light brown. Flesh whitish, bruising bluish. Surface viscid when moist from a separable gelatinous pellicle, translucent-striate near the margin, which can split in age and become tough and opaque in drying.
Gills: Attachment adnate to sinuate with two tiers of intermediate gills, close, even, broad, light brown overall with pallid, floccose edges. Becoming dark chocolate brown at maturity.
Stem: 25-70 mm long by 4-8 mm thick. Equal, swelling towards the base, which projects white rhizomorphs. White, becoming dingy brown, bruising bluish overall in age or from drying, covered with a well developed sheath of whitish fibrillose patches below, and pruinose above. Cartilaginous, strigose, hollow, stuffed with a whitish pith. Partial veil cortinate, leaving a fibrillose annular zone sometimes dusted with purplish violet-brown spores.
Microscopic features: Spores dark violet grayish black in deposit, subellipsoid in side view, subrhomboid to subellipsoid in face view, 5.5-6.5 by 4-5 microns in side view. Basidia 4-spored. Plaurocystidia abundant, subfusoid or ventricose-rostrate with short apex, or sublageniform, 10.5-24 by 5-10.5 microns. Cheilocystidia lageniform with short, single, or branched neck, 20-37.5 by 5-6.5 microns.
Habit, habitat, and distribution: Gregarious to cespitose, often in urban lawns and sometimes scattered in red-clay soil topped with a thin layer of needles from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) underneath sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua). First reported from southeastern Cherokee County, in northern Georgia, after hurricane Opal swept through in 1995. Known only from the state of Georgia. Fruiting usually from early September through November, between temperatures of 45-80 degrees Fahrenheit, preferring 60-75 degrees Fahrenheit.
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